GAVI noted that “vaccine bonds” offered by the International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm) since 2008 “have proved remarkably popular with Japanese retail investors, particularly women who account for around half the buyers in recent transactions,” and have raised more than JPY 111 billion equivalent (US$ 1.2 billion). GAVI said this support has increased its grant giving capacity by 100 per cent. From http://www.gavialliance.org/media_centre/press_releases/2010_05_20_iffim_japan.php