The Lancet Infectious Disease
Dec 2010  Volume 10 Number 12  Pages 813 – 892
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Reflection and Reaction
Can HPV vaccination help to prevent anal cancer?
Joel Palefsky

Preview
In The Lancet Infectious Diseases today, Jane Kim reports1 a cost-effectiveness analysis of vaccination with the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (for HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18) in men who have sex with men (MSM) to prevent anal intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer related to vaccine-type HPV. MSM, especially those with HIV infection, have one of the highest risks of anal cancer,2–4 and incidence of anal cancer is increasing every year in men and women in developed countries.5