The Lancet  
Apr 20, 2013  Volume 381  Number 9875  p1333 – 1430  e9
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

The changing epidemiology of malaria elimination: new strategies for new challenges
Chris Cotter MPH a, Hugh JW Sturrock PhD a, Michelle S Hsiang MD a, Jenny Liu PhD a, Allison A Phillips BA a, Jimee Hwang MD a, Cara Smith Gueye MPH a, Nancy Fullman MPH a, Roly D Gosling MD a, Prof Sir Richard GA Feachem DSc[Med] a

Summary
Malaria-eliminating countries achieved remarkable success in reducing their malaria burdens between 2000 and 2010. As a result, the epidemiology of malaria in these settings has become more complex. Malaria is increasingly imported, caused by Plasmodium vivax in settings outside sub-Saharan Africa, and clustered in small geographical areas or clustered demographically into subpopulations, which are often predominantly adult men, with shared social, behavioural, and geographical risk characteristics. The shift in the populations most at risk of malaria raises important questions for malaria-eliminating countries, since traditional control interventions are likely to be less effective. Approaches to elimination need to be aligned with these changes through the development and adoption of novel strategies and methods. Knowledge of the changing epidemiological trends of malaria in the eliminating countries will ensure improved targeting of interventions to continue to shrink the malaria map.

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2813%2960310-4/fulltext