From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary
Journal of School Health
June 2014 Volume 84, Issue 6 Pages 349–415
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/josh.2014.84.issue-6/issuetoc
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Opportunities for Increasing Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Provision in School Health Centers
Jennifer L. Moss MSPH1, Ashley L. Feld MPH2, Brittany O’Malley MPH, CHES3, Pamela Entzel JD, MPH4, Jennifer S. Smith PhD, MPH5, Melissa B. Gilkey PhD6 and Noel T. Brewer PhD7,*
Article first published online: 21 APR 2014
DOI: 10.1111/josh.12158
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND
Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remains low among adolescents in the United States. We sought to assess barriers to HPV vaccine provision in school health centers to inform subsequent interventions.
METHODS
We conducted structured interviews in the fall of 2010 with staff from all 33 school health centers in North Carolina that stocked HPV vaccine.
RESULTS
Centers had heterogeneous policies and procedures. Out-of-pocket costs for children and youth to receive privately purchased HPV vaccine were a key barrier to providing HPV vaccine within school health centers. Other barriers included students not returning consent forms, costs to clinics of ordering and stocking privately purchased HPV vaccine, and difficulty using the statewide immunization registry. Most (82%) school health centers were interested in hosting interventions to increase HPV vaccine uptake, especially those that the centers could implement themselves, but many had limited staff to support such efforts. Activities rated as more likely to raise HPV vaccine uptake were student incentives, parent reminders, and obtaining consent from parents while they are at school (all ps < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Although school health centers reported facing several key barriers to providing HPV vaccine, many were interested in partnering with outside organizations on low-cost interventions to increase HPV vaccine uptake among adolescents.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Available online 16 April 2014
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871614008291
Vaccine for Cocaine Dependence: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Efficacy Trial
Thomas R. Kostena, Coreen B. Domingoa, Daryl Shortera, Frank Orsona, Charles Greenb, Eugene Somozac, Rachelle Sekerkac, Frances R. Levind, John J. Marianid, Maxine Stitzere, D. Andrew Tompkinse, John Rotrosenf, Vatsal Thakkarf, Benjamin Smoakf, Kyle Kampmang
Abstract
Aims
We evaluated the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of succinylnorcocaine conjugated to cholera toxin B protein as a vaccine for cocaine dependence.
Methods
This 6-site, 24 week Phase III randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial assessed efficacy during weeks 8 to 16. We measured urine cocaine metabolites thrice weekly as the main outcome
Results
The 300 subjects (76% male, 72% African-American, mean age 46 years) had smoked cocaine on average for 13 days monthly at baseline. We hypothesized that retention might be better and positive urines lower for subjects with anti-cocaine IgG levels of ≥ 42 μg/mL (high IgG), which was attained by 67% of the 130 vaccine subjects receiving five vaccinations. Almost 3-times fewer high than low IgG subjects dropped out (7% vs 20%). Although for the full 16 weeks cocaine positive urine rates showed no significant difference between the three groups (placebo, high, low IgG), after week 8, more vaccinated than placebo subjects attained abstinence for at least two weeks of the trial (24% vs 18%), and the high IgG group had the most cocaine-free urines for the last 2 weeks of treatment (OR = 3.02), but neither were significant. Injection site reactions of induration and tenderness differed between placebo and active vaccine, and the 29 serious adverse events did not lead to treatment related withdrawals, or deaths
Conclusions
The vaccine was safe, but it only partially replicated the efficacy found in the previous study based on retention and attaining abstinence.