Vaccine
Volume 34, Issue 22, Pages 2467-2526 (11 May 2016)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0264410X/34/22
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The effect of diarrheal disease on bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) immune response in infants in Nepal
Original Research Article
Pages 2519-2526
Cristina V. Cardemil, Concepcion Estivariz, Laxman Shrestha, Jeevan B. Sherchand, Arun Sharma, Howard E. Gary Jr., M. Steven Oberste, William C. Weldon III, Michael D. Bowen, Jan Vinjé, W. William Schluter, Abhijeet Anand, Ondrej Mach, Susan Y. Chu
Abstract
Background
A globally-coordinated phase out of all type 2 containing oral polio vaccine (OPV) is planned for April 2016 during which bivalent 1 + 3 OPV (bOPV) will replace trivalent OPV (tOPV) in routine immunization schedules and campaigns. Diarrhea impairs the immune response to tOPV, but the effect of diarrhea on bOPV is unknown.
Methods
Infants aged 6 weeks to 11 months, who had received 5 loose stools per day (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.21–0.62).
Conclusions
Diarrhea reduced the immune response to bOPV. Provision of additional doses of polio vaccine is necessary to maintain high population immunity in areas with high prevalence of diarrheal disease.
Clinical trial registry
This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01559636.