Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 31  Pages 4589-4758 (25 July 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/31

Threats to oral polio vaccine acceptance in Somalia: Polling in an outbreak
Original research article
Pages 4716-4724
Gillian K. SteelFisher, Robert J. Blendon, Rustam Haydarov, William Lodge, … Christoph Sahm

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 31  Pages 4589-4758 (25 July 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/31

Socioeconomic drivers of vaccine uptake: An analysis of the data of a geographically defined cluster randomized cholera vaccine trial in Bangladesh
Open access – Original research article
Pages 4742-4749
Amit Saha, Andrew Hayen, Mohammad Ali, Alexander Rosewell, … Firdausi Qadri

From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary

Clinical Infectious Diseases (CID)
Published: 07 July 2018
Accepted Manuscript
The Efficacy of the Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Girls and Women Living with HIV
E McClymont, M Lee, J Raboud, F Coutlée, S Walmsley… –
Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is safe and efficacious in women without HIV. While good immunogenicity has been observed in women living with HIV (WLWH), efficacy data in this population are needed.
Methods
We enrolled 420 females aged ≥9 years (range: 9-65) living with HIV. Participants were to receive 3 doses of qHPV vaccine (0/2/6 months). The main endpoint was vaccine failure (i.e., incident persistent qHPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or higher (CIN2+), or genital warts). We compared these rates to published rates in vaccinated and unvaccinated women without HIV as well as unvaccinated WLWH.
Results
Among 279 eligible women, median follow-up was 2 years. In the intention-to-treat population, the incidence rate (IR) of persistent qHPV (HPV6/11/16/18) was 2.3 per 100 person-years (/100PY) (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1-4.1) and IR of genital warts was 2.3/100PY (95% CI=1.2-4.1). In the per-protocol efficacy population, IR of persistent qHPV was 1.0/100PY (95% CI=0.3-2.6) and of genital warts was 1.0/100PY (95% CI=0.3-2.5). No cases of CIN2+ occurred. Reported rates of qHPV-related infection and disease within the vaccinated women without HIV, unvaccinated women without HIV, and the vaccinated WLWH: 0.1 (95% CI=0.02-0.03), 1.5 (95% CI=1.1-2.0), and 1.2 (95% CI=0.2-3.4) /100PY, respectively. The rate of persistent qHPV among vaccinated WLWH was lower than among unvaccinated WLWH (2.3 vs. 6.0/100PY).
Conclusions
Vaccinated WLWH may be at higher risk for vaccine failure than vaccinated women without HIV. However, overall rates of vaccine failure were low and rates of persistent qHPV were lower than in unvaccinated WLWH.

Media/Policy Watch

This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.
We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.
 
 
The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
The Next Plague Is Coming. Is America Ready?
The epidemics of the early 21st century revealed a world unprepared, even as the risks continue to multiply. Much worse is coming.
Ed Yong    July/August 2018 Issue

BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 

The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
MEDICINE AND VACCINE SHORTAGES – WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GLOBAL REGULATORY COMPLEXITY FOR POST APPROVAL CHANGES?
[See Research above for more detail]

Financial Times
http://www.ft.com/home/uk
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 

Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Guardian
http://www.guardiannews.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
Italy
Rise of Italian populist parties buoys anti-vaccine movement
Backlash against sportsman’s post about his young daughter highlights lingering distrust
When Ivan Zaytsev, a volleyball player with Italy’s national team and an Olympic medallist, posted a picture of himself alongside his child on social media last week, it wasn’t intended to be a political statement.
His seven-month-old daughter had just received a vaccine and Zaytsev wanted to celebrate her bravery. But within seconds he was hit with a deluge of abuse from anti-vaccine activists. The attacks ranged from accusations of being bankrolled by pharmaceutical companies to chilling messages wishing for his child to contract a disease.
“I wanted to share this moment as a parent and congratulate my daughter – she smiled during the entire process – as well as reassure other parents,” Zaytsev, who also has a son, told the Guardian. “I realise that I’m a public figure and everything I do has consequences, but I didn’t expect this. When it touches me it’s one thing, but when they wish illness for your children then you become very angry.”…

New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 

New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
Asia Pacific
Despite Detente, Sanctions on North Korea Fan TB Epidemic

Wall Street Journal
http://online.wsj.com/home-page?_wsjregion=na,us&_homepage=/home/us
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Washington Post
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
If we really want to eradicate diseases such as Ebola, we need a new strategy
Infrastructure isn’t sexy, but it’s the best way to fight disease [cold chain]
9 July 2018
by Heidi Morefiel

Think Tanks et al
 
Brookings
http://www.brookings.edu/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new relevant content]

Center for Global Development  
http://www.cgdev.org/page/press-center
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
What You Should Know About Global Health Financing Transitions: Five Key Takeaways
12 July 2018
In recent years many global health institutions—particularly Gavi and the Global Fund—have adopted eligibility and transition frameworks for the countries they support. These frameworks lay out criteria under which countries will lose eligibility for their support, and, typically, a gradual timeframe to phase out external financing. The question of how these transitions will play out in practice—and whether global health progress will be put at risk through premature or poorly planned transitions—is a hot topic in global health.

CSIS
https://www.csis.org/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new relevant content]

Council on Foreign Relations
http://www.cfr.org/
Accessed 14 Jul 2018
[No new relevant content]

Milestones :: Perspectives

 
Draft for public consultation – Blueprint of a framework to rapidly provide scientific evidence on post-marketing vaccination benefits and risk for informed decisions
ECDC – European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control  [to 7 Jul 2018]
2 Jul 2018
ECDC launches public consultation on the “Blueprint of a framework to rapidly provide scientific evidence on post-marketing vaccination benefits and risk for informed decisions”. The Blueprint is a result of work of the IMI ADVANCE project and includes a description of components, dependencies, workflows, stakeholder involvement and roles, access to the platform/tools developed and tested as part of the project, the entity (entities) in charge of running the platform/tools, and options for financing to ensure sustainability of the proposed solution.

Executive summary
ECDC has been part of IMI ADVANCE, which is a five-year project that brings together a range of organisations from the public and private sectors to improve benefit and risk assessments of vaccines.
Vaccines undergo rigorous safety testing before regulatory approval. However, efforts to monitor the vaccination coverage, benefits and risks of vaccines after approval are fragmented. The ADVANCE (Accelerated development of vaccine benefit-risk collaboration in Europe) project has aimed to review, develop and test methods, data sources and procedures for an efficient and sustainable pan-European framework that can rapidly deliver robust, quantitative data for the assessment of the benefits and risks of marketed vaccines. Such a framework would make it easier for regulators and public health authorities to make fast, more informed decisions regarding vaccination strategies, and help to maintain public confidence in immunisation, particularly when questions are raised about the safety of specific vaccines.
ECDC is leading one of the work packages within the project which focuses on developing a Blueprint for a framework for an integrated EU level vaccine benefit-risk system.
In order to receive comments from the scientific community and other stakeholders, the Blueprint is open for public consultation. The deadline for submission of comments is 27 July, 2018.
After commenting on the Blueprint, could you please take part in the short survey on interactive platform linked to the Blueprint: https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/Survey_on_interactive_platform .

How to submit comments
Comments should be submitted using a specific template and sent to ADVANCE.WP7@ecdc.europa.eu .
Please note that the comments must clearly state the identity of the contributor (i.e. country, first name and surname, and affiliation in the case of contributions from individuals; or name of organisation in the case of contributions on behalf of an organisation). Contributors are kindly asked to mention the respective line and page numbers of the document to which their comment(s) refer.
Please read the detailed guidelines for submission of contributions and kindly note that only contributions following ECDC guidelines will be considered.
For more information on the processing of your personal data in the context of this consultation, please read the privacy statement.
The deadline for submission of comments is 27 July, 2018. 
 
Download
Draft for public consultation – Blueprint of a framework to rapidly provide scientific evidence on post-marketing vaccination benefits and risk for informed decisions – EN – [PDF-854.61 KB]
Guidelines for submission of comments for Blueprint project – EN – [PDF-150.36 KB]
Template for submission of comments – Blueprint project – EN – [DOCX-29.37 KB]
Privacy-statement-for-blueprint-advance-project – EN – [PDF-83.46 KB]
 
::::::
::::::
 

Emergencies

 
POLIO
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
Polio this week as of 03 July 2018 [GPEI]
:: Tens of thousands of Rotarians met last week in Toronto, Canada, for the annual Rotary International Convention. Polio eradication was again front and centre at this year’s event. Addressing the Convention, WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus thanked Rotarians for their leadership in bringing the world to the brink of being polio-free, and asked for a doubling of efforts to cross the finish line once and for all.
:: On the convention’s final day, Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada, was presented with Rotary’s Polio Eradication Champion Award in recognition of his leadership and Canada’s contributions to polio eradication.
:: Read about the vaccination of refugees and internally displaced people in the Lake Chad basin.

Summary of new cases this week:
Afghanistan: An advance notification has been received of one new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) case in Afghanistan.
Nigeria: One circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) positive environmental sample has been reported from Nigeria.
Pakistan: Three new WPV1 positive environmental samples have been reported from Pakistan.
Somalia: An advance notification has been received of one new cVDPV2 positive contact in Somalia. S

Alarming polio outbreak spreads in Congo, threatening global eradication efforts
Science | 2 July 2018  By Leslie Roberts
Overshadowed by the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), another frightening virus is on the loose in that vast, chaotic country: polio. Public health experts have worked for months to stamp out the virus, but it keeps spreading. It has already paralyzed 29 children, and on 21 June a case was reported on the border with Uganda, far outside the known outbreak zone, heightening fears that the virus will sweep across Africa. The DRC is “absolutely” the most worrisome polio outbreak today, says Michel Zaffran, who heads the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) at the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, Switzerland.
The outbreak also underscores the latest complication on the bumpy road toward polio eradication. It is caused not by the wild virus hanging on by a thread in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and perhaps Nigeria, but by a rare mutant derived from the weakened live virus in the oral polio vaccine (OPV), which has regained its neurovirulence and the ability to spread. As OPV campaigns have driven the wild virus to near-extinction, these circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) have emerged as the greatest threat to polio eradication. If the outbreaks are not stopped quickly, polio scientists warn, they could spiral out of control, setting eradication efforts back years.
“There is an urgency” to stopping these vaccine-derived outbreaks, says epidemiologist Nicholas Grassly of Imperial College London. “It is so much more important than controlling the wild virus.”…

::::::
::::::

WHO Grade 3 Emergencies  [to 7 Jul 2018]
The Syrian Arab Republic
:: Southern Syrian Arab Republic Health Cluster report pdf, 130kb  Issue 2, 29 June-1 July 2018

Yemen 
:: WHO responds to health needs in Al-Hudaydah amid escalating conflict 28 June 2018

Iraq  – No new announcements identified
Nigeria  – No new announcements identified
South Sudan  – No new announcements identified

::::::
 
WHO Grade 2 Emergencies  [to 7 Jul 2018]
[Several emergency pages were not available at inquiry]
Cameroon  – No new announcements identified
Central African Republic  – No new announcements identified.
Democratic Republic of the Congo  – No new announcements identified
Ethiopia  – No new announcements identified.
Libya – No new announcements identified.
Myanmar  – No new announcements identified
Niger  – No new announcements identified.
Ukraine – No new announcements identified.

::::::
::::::
 
UN OCHA – L3 Emergencies
The UN and its humanitarian partners are currently responding to three ‘L3’ emergencies. This is the global humanitarian system’s classification for the response to the most severe, large-scale humanitarian crises. 
Syrian Arab Republic 
:: Syrian Arab Republic: Dar’a, Quneitra, As-Sweida Situation Report No. 1 as of 4 July 2018
…Sustained hostilities in south-west Syria since 17 June and rapid advances by the Government of Syria (GoS) army have led to the displacement of an estimated 285,000 – 325,000 individuals as of 4 July. Of those, up to 189,000 IDPs have moved to areas in close proximity to the Golan Heights and up to 59,000 individuals were displaced to areas near the Al-Nasib border crossing with Jordan…
 
Yemen
:: Yemen: Al Hudaydah Update Situation Report No. 7 – Reporting period: 27 June – 4 July 2018

::::::

UN OCHA – Corporate Emergencies
When the USG/ERC declares a Corporate Emergency Response, all OCHA offices, branches and sections provide their full support to response activities both at HQ and in the field.
Ethiopia 
:: Ethiopia Humanitarian Bulletin Issue 56 | 18 June – 1 July 2018

Somalia   
:: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, 2 June – 5 July 2018

::::::
::::::
 
Editor’s Note:
We will cluster these recent emergencies as below and continue to monitor the WHO webpages for updates and key developments.

EBOLA/EVD  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.who.int/ebola/en/
– No new announcements identified.

MERS-CoV [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/
– No new announcements identified.
 
Yellow Fever  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/yellowfev/en/
– No new announcements identified.

Zika virus  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/zika/en/
– No new announcements identified.
 

WHO & Regional Offices [to 7 Jul 2018]

Low quality healthcare is increasing the burden of illness and health costs globally
5 July 2018  News Release
Poor quality health services are holding back progress on improving health in countries at all income levels, according to a new joint report by the OECD, World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank.

Today, inaccurate diagnosis, medication errors, inappropriate or unnecessary treatment, inadequate or unsafe clinical facilities or practices, or providers who lack adequate training and expertise prevail in all countries.

The situation is worst in low and middle-income countries where 10 percent of hospitalized patients can expect to acquire an infection during their stay, as compared to seven percent in high income countries. This is despite hospital acquired infections being easily avoided through better hygiene, improved infection control practices and appropriate use of antimicrobials.. At the same time, one in ten patients is harmed during medical treatment in high income countries.

These are just some of the highlights from Delivering Quality Health Services – a Global Imperative for Universal Health Coverage. The report also highlights that sickness associated with poor quality health care imposes additional expenditure on families and health systems…

Other key findings in the report paint a picture of quality issues in healthcare around the world:
:: Health care workers in seven low- and middle-income African countries were only able to make accurate diagnoses one third to three quarters of the time, and clinical guidelines for common conditions were followed less than 45 percent of the time on average.
:: Research in eight high-mortality countries in the Caribbean and Africa found that effective, quality maternal and child health services are far less prevalent than suggested by just looking at access to services. For example, just 28 percent of antenatal care, 26 percent of family planning services and 21 percent of sick-child care across these countries qualified as ‘effective.’
:: Around 15 percent of hospital expenditure in high-income countries is due to mistakes in care or patients being infected while in hospitals.
The full report is available at http://www.who.int/servicedeliverysafety/quality-report/en/

::::::

GIN June 2018  pdf, 1.28Mb

::::::

Weekly Epidemiological Record, 6 July 2018, vol. 93, 27/28 (pp. 381–388)
381 Assessment of readiness for measles–rubella supplementary immunization activity, India, 2018

::::::
 
WHO Regional Offices
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
WHO African Region AFRO
Selected Featured News
:: Targeted vaccine campaign underway to interrupt measles outbreak in remote northern Sierra Leone  07 July 2018
:: Ghana advances towards developing a National Action Plan for Health Security  06 July 2018
:: An inclusive response: reaching Batwa communities to combat Ebola  06 July 2018
WHO redoubles efforts to ‘leave no one behind’ in treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases 
04 July 2018

WHO Region of the Americas PAHO
– No new announcements identified.
 
WHO South-East Asia Region SEARO
– No new announcements identified.
 
WHO European Region EURO
– No new announcements identified.

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region EMRO
– No new announcements identified.

WHO Western Pacific Region
– No new announcements identified.

CDC/ACIP [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.cdc.gov/media/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/index.html
 
MMWR News Synopsis for July 5, 2018

Measles-Rubella Supplementary Immunization Activity Readiness Assessment — India, 2017–2018

Two assessments of readiness for supplementary immunization activities (SIA) by independent partners led to timely corrective action and helped to improve readiness from 33 percent to 79 percent between the two assessments. This experience will help improve preparedness and ensure high-quality SIAs in the countries in the WHO South-East Asia Region as the region prepares to vaccinate >500 million children with measles-rubella vaccine through SIAs by 2019. India adopted the goal of measles elimination and rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) control by 2020. Achieving this goal requires SIAs using measles-rubella (MR) vaccine. Nationwide MR SIAs for children ages 9 months–14 years began in 2017and are to be completed by first quarter of 2019. SIAs require substantial preparation. To ensure high-quality SIAs, researchers performed an SIA readiness assessment. This report describes the process and experience of implementing SIA readiness assessments in three Indian states (Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Telangana).

Africa CDC   [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://au.int/en/africacdc

July 04, 2018 to July 05, 2018
Second Meeting of the Advisory & Technical Council Of the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC)
… The role of the Advisory and Technical Council is to advise the Africa CDC on emerging issues and other related matters of disease control and prevention. It further provides advisory on the strategic plans and activities of the Africa CDC; advocacy and resource mobilization. Furthermore the council provides guidance on different aspects of disease surveillance, detection and response on the African Continent. Additionally it provides insight into the research and study areas and merits of the scientific work of the Africa CDC.

July 03, 2018
Dedicated Africa CDC health workers go to great lengths to trace all contacts: Focus on one day in the life of Dr Sambu Bijoux

China CDC 
http://www.chinacdc.cn/en/ne/

Website not responding at inquiry…no connection since 2 June inquiry

Announcements

 
AERAS  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.aeras.org/pressreleases
No new digest content identified.
 
 
BMGF – Gates Foundation  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases
No new digest content identified.

Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute    [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.linkedin.com/company/bill-melinda-gates-medical-research-institute/
   The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit research organization dedicated to combating diseases that impact the world’s poorest. We strive to combat inequities in health by accelerating progress in translational science to ensure life-saving products are available and accessible to everyone. We consider ourselves pioneers dedicated to uncovering radical solutions that will close the gap between cutting-edge scientific innovation and its application to challenges in global health.
No new digest content identified..

CARB-X   [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://carb-x.org/
CARB-X is a non-profit public-private partnership dedicated to accelerating antibacterial research to tackle the global rising threat of drug-resistant bacteria.
No new digest content identified.
 
 
CEPI – Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://cepi.net/
No new digest content identified.

EDCTP    [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.edctp.org/
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
7 July 2018
African countries to assess their health research systems
In partnership with the Ghanaian Health Service, EDCTP will organise the kick-off meeting (Accra, 9-10 July 2018) for a project to assess African health research systems. The main objective of the meeting is to prepare a survey of national health research capacities in the 17 African EDCTP member countries…

4 July 2018
Thirty African scientists funded to conduct implementation research
WHO Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) with TDR (the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases) and EDCTP have announced 30 small grant awarded to scientists from across Africa for implementation research on infectious diseases of poverty. EDCTP’s contribution to this joint investment was directly supported by Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom…

Emory Vaccine Center    [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.vaccines.emory.edu/
No new digest content identified.

European Medicines Agency  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
European Vaccine Initiative  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.euvaccine.eu/news-events
27 June 2018
Registration for EVI 20th Anniversary Symposium now open
On 20/21 November, EVI will celebrate its 20th anniversary with a symposium in Heidelberg, Germany. A draft agenda is now…
 
 
FDA [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/default.htm
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Fondation Merieux  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.fondation-merieux.org/
No new digest content identified.
 

Gavi [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.gavi.org/library/news/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

GHIT Fund   [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.ghitfund.org/newsroom/press
GHIT was set up in 2012 with the aim of developing new tools to tackle infectious diseases that devastate the world’s poorest people. Other funders include six Japanese pharmaceutical
No new digest content identified.

Global Fund [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/?topic=&type=NEWS;&country=
No new digest content identified.

 
Hilleman Laboratories   [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.hillemanlabs.org/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Human Vaccines Project   [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.humanvaccinesproject.org/media/press-releases/
Public Release: 28-Jun-2018
Human Vaccines Project and Seqirus partner to advance universal flu vaccine research
NEW YORK AND MAIDENHEAD, UK, JUNE 28, 2018 – The Human Vaccines Project, a nonprofit public-private partnership focused on decoding the immune system to improve human health, and Seqirus, a global leader in the prevention of influenza, announced today that Seqirus is joining the Project’s Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative (UIVI). Seqirus, owned by CSL Limited, has been on the front line of influenza vaccine development and pandemic preparedness for more than a century, pioneering new technologies for rapidly producing influenza vaccines…
 
 
IAVI  [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.iavi.org/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
IFFIm
http://www.iffim.org/library/news/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IVAC  [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/index.html
No new digest content identified.
 
 
IVI   [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.ivi.int/
No new digest content identified.

 
JEE Alliance  [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.jeealliance.org/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
MSF/Médecins Sans Frontières  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.msf.org/
Interview   5 July 2018
“We should take every opportunity to vaccinate against deadly diseases”
Interview with Miriam Alía, MSF vaccination and outbreak response advisor, on the outbreaks of meningitis C and measles that have affected Niger in 2018

Project Update  3 July 2018
MSF hands over Ebola response activities in DRC
After a two-month emergency intervention in Equator Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), we have begun handing over our Ebola response activities to the Congolese Ministry of Health and other non-governmental organisations in Mbandaka, Bikoro, Itipo and Iboko.
“This Ebola outbreak is not yet officially over but we are very pleased with the progress that has been made,” said Henry Gray, MSF emergency coordinator in Equator Province. “Given the low volume of cases and the increasing expertise of local staff, the Ministry of Health is well placed to finish the work we started together.”…

Project Update  3 July 2018
MSF facilitates access to healthcare in communities of San Salvador and Soyapango
Through primary healthcare services, mental health services and community work, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) aims to improve access to health services for vulnerable people affected by the ongoing violence.
MSF has launched health initiatives in San Salvador and Soyapango, focusing on socially vulnerable people whose access to health services has been affected by insecurity. MSF is working closely with public health institutions to provide care to the people who need it most, under agreement with the Ministry of Health…
 
 
NIH  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases
July 2, 2018
NIH to host workshop on using artificial intelligence and machine learning to advance biomedical research
— Experts from organizations including IBM, Amazon and MIT will discuss the application of these emerging technologies.
When: Monday, July 23, 2018, 8:45 a.m. – 4:40 p.m. EDT
Where: John Edward Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Building 35, Room 620 on the NIH Main Campus, Bethesda, Maryland. Information on visiting Porter can be found here. The summit will also be available to view online via live videocast at: https://videocast.nih.gov/summary.asp?live=28053&bhcp=1
Contact: Registration (link is external) for this workshop is required

PATH  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.path.org/news/index.php
No new digest content identified.

Sabin Vaccine Institute  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.sabin.org/updates/pressreleases
No new digest content identified.
 
 
UNAIDS [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.unaids.org/en
No new digest content identified.

UNICEF  [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.unicef.org/media/
Selected Press Releases/Reports
No new digest content identified…most recent press release dated 15 May 2018]

 
Vaccine Confidence Project  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.vaccineconfidence.org/
No new digest content identified.
 

Vaccine Education Center – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Wellcome Trust  [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://wellcome.ac.uk/news
No new digest content identified.
 
 
The Wistar Institute   [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.wistar.org/news/press-releases
No new digest content identified.

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)   [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/press-releases/2018/
No new digest content identified.

::::::
 
BIO    [to 7 Jul 2018]
https://www.bio.org/insights/press-release
No new digest content identified.

DCVMN – Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network  [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.dcvmn.org/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
IFPMA   [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.ifpma.org/resources/news-releases/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
PhRMA    [to 7 Jul 2018]
http://www.phrma.org/press-room
No new digest content identified.

Industry Watch    [to 7 Jul 2018]
:: Sanofi to further accelerate its scientific presence with the opening of a Global R&D Operations Hub in Chengdu, China
CHENGDU, China, July 2, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Sanofi is launching a Global R&D Operations Hub with a specialized focus on digitalization and big data analysis in Chengdu, Sichuan province, China. The new R&D operations hub confirms China as the third pillar of Sanofi Global Clinical Sciences and Operations, joining facilities in France and the United States.
With an investment of €66 million, the Hub will support the clinical research and development of Sanofi’s innovative drugs by focusing on the management of global multi-center clinical trials data and files. Bringing together global data and analysis, the Hub will accelerate the availability of trial results, from Phase I to Phase IV. The Hub will take advantage of local talents to further strengthen Sanofi’s digital capabilities.
The Chengdu Hub will target diseases that affect millions of people across our therapeutic areas: diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, vaccines, oncology, immunology and inflammation, rare diseases, multiple sclerosis and neurology. It will leverage global cutting-edge biological technology for polypeptides, gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies and multi-specific antibodies. The Hub plans to recruit 300 local pharmaceutical research and development professionals by 2020…

Reports/Research/Analysis/Commentary/Conferences/Meetings/Book Watch/Tenders

Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review has expanded its coverage of new reports, books, research and analysis published independent of the journal channel covered in Journal Watch below. Our interests span immunization and vaccines, as well as global public health, health governance, and associated themes. If you would like to suggest content to be included in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

No new digest content identified..

Journal Watch

   Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focus on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.

If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

Annals of Internal Medicine
3 July 2018 Vol: 169, Issue 1
http://annals.org/aim/issue

Ideas and Opinions |3 July 2018
Machine Learning and Evidence-Based Medicine
Ian A. Scott, MBBS, MHA, MEd
Machine learning (ML), which converts complex data into algorithms, challenges the traditional epidemiologic approach of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Here I outline the differences, strengths, and limitations of these 2 approaches and suggest areas of reconciliation.
Beginning in the 1970s, scientists extolled the virtues of EBM’s hypothesis-driven, protocolized experiments involving well-defined populations and preselected exposure and outcome variables. Inferences were made using traditional biostatistics. In the early 1990s, ML emerged, whereby advanced computing programs (machines) processed huge data sets (big data) from many sources and discerned patterns among multiple unselected variables. Such patterns were undiscoverable using traditional biostatistics (1) and were used to iteratively refine (learn) layered mathematical models (algorithms). The Table lists key differences between EBM and ML.

BMJ Global Health
July 2018 – Volume 3 – 4
https://gh.bmj.com/content/3/4

Research
Risk factors and risk factor cascades for communicable disease outbreaks in complex humanitarian emergencies: a qualitative systematic review (6 July, 2018)
Charlotte Christiane Hammer, Julii Brainard, Paul R Hunter
Abstract
Background
Communicable diseases are a major concern during complex humanitarian emergencies (CHEs). Descriptions of risk factors for outbreaks are often non-specific and not easily generalisable to similar situations. This review attempts to capture relevant evidence and explore whether it is possible to better generalise the role of risk factors and risk factor cascades these factors may form.
Methods
A systematic search of the key databases and websites was conducted. Search terms included terms for CHEs (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs definition) and terms for communicable diseases. Due to the types of evidence found, a thematic synthesis was conducted.
Results
26 articles met inclusion criteria. Key risk factors include crowded conditions, forced displacement, poor quality shelter, poor water, sanitation and hygiene, lack of healthcare facilities and lack of adequate surveillance. Most identified risk factors do not relate to specific diseases, or are specific to a group of diseases such as diarrhoeal diseases and not to a particular disease within that group. Risk factors are often listed in general terms but are poorly evidenced, not contextualised and not considered with respect to interaction effects in individual publications. The high level of the inter-relatedness of risk factors became evident, demonstrating risk factor cascades that are triggered by individual risk factors or clusters of risk factors.
Conclusions
CHEs pose a significant threat to public health. More rigorous research on the risk of disease outbreaks in CHEs is needed, from a practitioner and from an academic point of view.

BMC Health Services Research
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmchealthservres/content
(Accessed 7 Jul 2018)

Research article
Preparedness and response against diseases with epidemic potential in the European Union: a qualitative case study of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and poliomyelitis in five member states
EU Decision 1082/2013/EU on serious cross-border health threats provides a legal basis for collaboration between EU Member States, and between international and European level institutions on preparedness, pre…
Authors: John Kinsman, John Angrén, Fredrik Elgh, Maria Furberg, Paola A. Mosquera, Laura Otero-García, René Snacken, Tarik Derrough, Paloma Carrillo Santisteve, Massimo Ciotti and Svetla Tsolova
Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2018 18:528
Published on: 6 July 2018

BMC Health Services Research
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmchealthservres/content
(Accessed 7 Jul 2018)

Research article
Promoting quality use of medicines in South-East Asia: reports from country situational analyses
Irrational use of medicines is widespread in the South-East Asia Region (SEAR), where policy implementation to encourage quality use of medicines (QUM) is often low. The aim was to determine whether public-sec…
Authors: Kathleen Anne Holloway, Anita Kotwani, Gitanjali Batmanabane, Budiono Santoso, Sauwakon Ratanawijitrasin and David Henry
Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2018 18:526
Published on: 5 July 2018

BMC Medicine
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmed/content
(Accessed 7 Jul 2018)

Research article
Cost-effectiveness of a potential Zika vaccine candidate: a case study for Colombia
A number of Zika vaccine platforms are currently being investigated, some of which have entered clinical trials. We sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a potential Zika vaccine candidate under the WHO…
Authors: Affan Shoukat, Thomas Vilches and Seyed M. Moghadas
Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:100
Published on: 3 July 2018

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 7 Jul 2018)

Research article
Changes in (risk) behavior and HPV knowledge among Dutch girls eligible for HPV vaccination: an observational cohort study
Implementation of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination raised concerns that vaccination could lead to riskier sexual behavior. This study explored how possible differences in sexual behavior and HPV knowledg…
Authors: Robine Donken, Adriana Tami, Mirjam J. Knol, Karin Lubbers, Marianne A. B. van der Sande, Hans W. Nijman, Toos Daemen, Willibrord C. M. Weijmar Schultz and Hester E. de Melker
Citation: BMC Public Health 2018 18:837
Published on: 5 July 2018

BMJ Open
July 2018 – Volume 8 – 7
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/current

(6 July, 2018)
Influence of health literacy on acceptance of influenza and pertussis vaccinations: a cross-sectional study among Spanish pregnant women
Enrique Castro-Sánchez, Rafael Vila-Candel, Francisco J Soriano-Vidal, Esther Navarro-Illana, Javier Díez-Domingo

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 96, Number 7, July 2018, 441-512
http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/96/7/en/

EDITORIALS
Preventing hepatitis B virus infection: milestones and targets
– Yvan Hutin, Shalini Desai & Marc Bulterys
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.215210
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. In this issue of the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, a systematic review and meta-analysis1 assesses the long-term impact of immunization of infants against hepatitis B on the prevalence of HBV infection. The findings from this study point to three major conclusions. First, hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing HBV infection among infants and has a major impact on the prevalence of HBV infection more than 15 years later. Second, universal immunization of infants, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO),2 has more impact on a population level (reducing prevalence by three fourths) than targeted immunization of children born to mothers who have HBV infection (which reduces prevalence by two thirds). Third, the results of this analysis, along with recent reports of increasing coverage of hepatitis B vaccine worldwide,3 suggest that in an increasing number of countries, new generations are growing up increasingly free of HBV infection…

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 96, Number 7, July 2018, 441-512
http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/96/7/en/

SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
Long-term impact of infant immunization on hepatitis B prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis
– Kate Whitford, Bette Liu, Joanne Micallef, J Kevin Yin, Kristine Macartney, Pierre Van Damme & John M Kaldor
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.205153
Abstract
Objective
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the long-term impact of infant vaccination on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection at the population level.
Methods
We searched online databases for articles reporting comparisons between population cohorts aged ≥ 15 years who were exposed or unexposed to infant HBV immunization programmes. We categorized programmes as universal or targeted to infants whose mothers were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). We included studies reporting prevalence of hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), HBsAg, or both. We evaluated the quality of the study methods and estimated the relative reduction in the prevalence of infection.
Findings
Of 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria, most were from China (20 studies). The prevalence of HBV infection in unvaccinated and universally vaccinated cohorts ranged from 0.6% (116 of 20 305 people) to 16.3% (60/367) and from 0.3% (1/300) to 8.5% (73/857), respectively. Comparing cohorts with universal vaccination to those without vaccination, relative prevalences were 0.24 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.16–0.35) for HBsAg and 0.23 (95% CI: 0.17–0.32) for HBcAb. For populations with targeted vaccination, relative prevalences were 0.32 (95% CI: 0.24–0.43) and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.23–0.45), respectively.
Conclusion
The residual burden of infection in cohorts offered vaccination suggests that longer-term evaluations of vaccination coverage, timeliness and other aspects of programme quality are needed. As HBV-vaccinated infant cohorts reach adulthood, ongoing analysis of prevalence in adolescents and young adults will ensure that elimination efforts are on track.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume 24, Number 7—July 2018
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

Perspective
Progress and Remaining Gaps in Estimating the Global Disease Burden of Influenza PDF Version [PDF – 1.09 MB – 5 pages]
Bresee et al.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume 24, Number 7—July 2018
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

Progress in Vaccine-Preventable and Respiratory Infectious Diseases—First 10 Years of the CDC National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, 2006–2015 PDF Version [PDF – 2.66 MB – 10 pages]
Schuchat et al.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume 24, Number 7—July 2018
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

Policy Review
Strengthening Global Public Health Surveillance through Data and Benefit Sharing PDF Version [PDF – 585 KB – 7 pages]
Michael Edelstein, Lisa M. Lee, Asha Herten-Crabb, David L. Heymann, and David R. Harper Abstract  
Equitable sharing of public health surveillance data can help prevent or mitigate the effect of infectious diseases. Equitable data sharing includes working toward more equitable sharing of the public health benefits that data sharing brings and requires the engagement of those providing the data, those interpreting and using the data generated by others, those facilitating the data-sharing process, and those deriving and contributing to the benefit. An expert consultation conducted by Chatham House outlined 7 principles to encourage the process of equitable data sharing: 1) building trust; 2) articulating the value; 3) planning for data sharing; 4) achieving quality data; 5) understanding the legal context; 6) creating data-sharing agreements; and 7) monitoring and evaluation. Sharing of public health surveillance data is best done taking into account these principles, which will help to ensure data are shared optimally and ethically, while fulfilling stakeholder expectations and facilitating equitable distribution of benefits.

Humanitarian Exchange Magazine
Number 72  July 2018
https://odihpn.org/magazine/mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-in-humanitarian-crises/

Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian crises
by Humanitarian Practice Network July 2018

JAMA
July 3, 2018, Vol 320, No. 1, Pages 3-102
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Big Data and Predictive Analytics – Recalibrating Expectations
Nilay D. Shah, PhD; Ewout W. Steyerberg, PhD; David M. Kent, MD, MS
JAMA. 2018;320(1):27-28. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.5602
This Viewpoint describes 4 major barriers to useful risk prediction that may not be easily overcome by new methods in machine learning and, in some instances, may be more difficult to overcome in the era of big data.

JAMA
July 3, 2018, Vol 320, No. 1, Pages 3-102
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Preparing Physician-Scientists for an Evolving Research Ecosystem
Matthew E. Hirschtritt, MD, MPH; Penny M. Heaton, MD; Thomas R. Insel, MD
JAMA. 2018;320(1):31-32. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.4478
In this Viewpoint, Insel and colleagues discuss the roles that private sector companies and foundations might play and the advantages of public-private partnerships in nurturing new and early-career physician-investigators given an always-challenging funding environment and ever-increasing hurdles young physicians must overcome to establish a research career.

JAMA Pediatrics
July 2018, Vol 172, No. 7, Pages 605-708
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
The Challenge of Vanquishing HIV for the Next Generation—Facing the Future
Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, PhD; Glenda E. Gray, MD; Alison P. Galvani, PhD
JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172(7):609-610. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0389
This Viewpoint explains the financial, policy, and logistical challenges in meeting goals on preventing, diagnosing, and treating HIV/AIDS worldwide.

Journal of Public Health Management & Practice
July/August 2018 – Volume 24 – Issue 4
https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/pages/currenttoc.aspx

Research Reports
Raising the Yellow Flag: State Variation in Quarantine Laws
Katz, Rebecca; Vaught, Andrea; Formentos, Adrienne; More
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice. 24(4):380-384, July/August 2018.
Abstract:
Quarantine is an important but often misused tool of public health. An effective quarantine requires a process that inspires trust in government, only punishes noncompliance, and promotes a culture of social responsibility. Accomplishing successful quarantine requires incentives and enabling factors, payments, job security, and a tiered enforcement plan. In this article, we examine the variation in state-level quarantine laws and assess the effectiveness of these laws and regulations. We find that most states allow for an individual to have a hearing (63%) and to have a voice in burial and cremation procedures (71%), yet are weak on all other individual rights measures. Only 20% of states have provisions to protect employment when an individual is under quarantine, and less than half have plans for safe and humane quarantines. Decision makers at the state and local levels must make a concerted effort to revise and update quarantine laws and regulations. Ideally, these laws and regulations should be harmonized so as to avoid confusion and disruption between states, and public health officials should work with populations to identify and address the factors that will support successful quarantines if they are ever required.

The Lancet
Jul 07, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10141 p1-94
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Comment
Offline: Can the Global Fund survive?
Richard Horton
Published: 07 July 2018  [Initial text]
France will host the Sixth Replenishment Conference for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in 2019. The result may make or break the Global Fund. Although the date of the conference is not formally confirmed, it is likely to be sometime between June, when France will host the G7, and September (the UN General Assembly in New York). With a pre-replenishment conference expected around January, the investment case for donors needs to be ready by the end of 2018. And, with a crucial Global Fund Board meeting in November, there are only 4 months left to decide the broad outlines of that case. This terrifyingly narrow time window matters because the Fund remains uncertain about its argument for replenishment. Uncertainty before one of the most important moments in the Fund’s history is not a good place to be….

Maternal and Child Health Journal
Volume 22, Issue 7, July 2018
https://link.springer.com/journal/10995/22/6/page/1

Original Paper
Maternal Care Providers’ Barriers Regarding Influenza and Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy in Catalonia, Spain
Luz Maria Vilca, Cristina Martínez, Miriam Burballa…

Nature 
Volume 559 Issue 7712, 5 July 2018
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

News | 03 July 2018
Europe’s biggest research fund cracks down on ‘ethics dumping’
The practice of conducting ethically dubious research in foreign countries is under fresh scrutiny.
Linda Nordling
Ethics dumping — doing research deemed unethical in a scientist’s home country in a foreign setting with laxer ethical rules — will be rooted out in research funded by the European Union, officials announced last week.
Applications to the EU’s €80-billion (US$93-billion) Horizon 2020 research fund will face fresh levels of scrutiny to make sure that research practices deemed unethical in Europe are not exported to other parts of the world. Wolfgang Burtscher, the European Commission’s deputy director-general for research, made the announcement at the European Parliament in Brussels on 29 June.
Burtscher said that a new code of conduct developed to curb ethics dumping will soon be applied to all EU-funded research projects. That means applicants will be referred to the code when they submit their proposals, and ethics committees will use the document when considering grant applications…

Nature 
Volume 559 Issue 7712, 5 July 2018
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Comment | 04 July 2018
A better measure of research from the global south
Funders Jean Lebel and Robert McLean describe a new tool for judging the value and validity of science that attempts to improve lives.
Jean Lebel  & Robert McLean

Pediatrics
July 2018, VOLUME 142 / ISSUE 1
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/142/1?current-issue=y

Articles
Safety Surveillance of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccines
Pedro L. Moro, Silvia Perez-Vilar, Paige Lewis, Marthe Bryant-Genevier, Hajime Kamiya, Maria Cano
Pediatrics Jul 2018, 142 (1) e20174171; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-4171
Post-marketing surveillance of DTaP vaccines was conducted in VAERS over a 19 year period to assess for possible rare AEs not detected in observational studies… No new or unexpected adverse events were detected. The observed disproportionate reporting for some nonserious vaccination errors calls for better education of vaccine providers on the specific indications for each of the DTaP vaccines.

Pediatrics
July 2018, VOLUME 142 / ISSUE 1
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/142/1?current-issue=y

Commentaries
Open Access
Safer Pertussis Vaccines for Children: Trading Efficacy for Safety
Flor M. Munoz
Pediatrics Jul 2018, 142 (1) e20181036; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1036

Pediatrics
July 2018, VOLUME 142 / ISSUE 1
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/142/1?current-issue=y

State-of-the-Art Review Article
The Collaborative Role of North American Departments of Pediatrics in Global Child Health
Sophia P. Gladding, Patrick T. McGann, Andrea Summer, Christiana M. Russ, Omolara T. Uwemedimo, Martha Matamoros Aguilar, Rana Chakraborty, Molly Moore, Mary Lieh-Lai, Robert Opoka, Cynthia Howard, Chandy C. John, on behalf of the Global Health Task Force of the American Board of Pediatrics
Pediatrics Jul 2018, 142 (1) e20172966; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2966
In this review, we describe the collaborative role of NA pediatrics departments in GCH education, and clinical practice and research summarizing challenges and best practices.

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 7 Jul 2018]

Research Article
Cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination in Belgian adults aged 65-84 years at elevated risk of pneumococcal infection
Sophie Marbaix, Willy E. Peetermans, Jan Verhaegen, Lieven Annemans, Reiko Sato, Annick Mignon, Mark Atwood, Derek Weycker
Research Article | published 06 Jul 2018 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199427

Preventive Medicine
Volume 112  Pages 1-222 (July 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/preventive-medicine/vol/112/suppl/C

Review Articles
Ensuring childhood vaccination among slums dwellers under the National Immunization Program in India – Challenges and opportunities
Almost, one third of the world’s urban population resides in slums and the number would double by 2030. Slums denotes collection of people from various communities having a meagre income and living in unhygienic conditions thus making themselves most vulnerable for outbreaks of communicable diseases. India contributes substantially to the global disease burden and under-five mortality rates i.e. 20% attributable to vaccine preventable diseases. Immunization plays a crucial role in combating high childhood mortality rates
Review article
Pages 54-60
Sanjeev Singh, Damodar Sahu, Ashish Agrawal, Meeta Dhaval Vashi

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health (RPSP/PAJPH)
http://www.paho.org/journal/index.php?option=com_content&view=featured&Itemid=101
Thematic issue: Economics of NCDs

The global health burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is large and growing, as this group of diseases already accounts for 70% of total deaths. Global evidence indicates that the high health burden of NCDs translates into significant economic and social costs that threaten to diminish the quality of life of millions of individuals, impoverish families, jeopardize universal health coverage, and increase health disparities within and between countries. Evidence consistently shows that the NCD epidemic cannot be tackled through interventions and policies in the health sector alone. In particular, prevention measures that address NCD risk factors involve a range of sectors including finance, trade, education, agriculture, and transportation. As economics has become the common language among decision makers across sectors, it is imperative that health authorities leverage economic information to more effectively communicate the urgency of tackling NCDs and related risk factors.

This thematic issue of the Pan American Journal of Public Health is part of a continued collaboration between the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and PAHO/WHO to fa­cilitate intragovernmental dialogue for a better understanding of NCD issues by making economic evidence available in the Americas, and to assist countries in integrating economic approaches into their NCD prevention and control policies.
 
EDITORIALS
Advancing the economics of noncommunicable diseases in the Americas
Carissa F. Etienne
Editorial | PDF: https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2018.94 | Published 06 July 2018

Building collaborations to integrate economics into noncommunicable disease action
Theresa Tam
Editorial | PDF: https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2018.36 | Published 06 July 2018

Science         
06 July 2018  Vol 361, Issue 6397
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

In Depth
Polio outbreaks in the DRC threaten eradication effort
By Leslie Roberts
Science06 Jul 2018 : 10-11 Full Access
Vaccine-derived virus spreads despite emergency response

Science         
06 July 2018  Vol 361, Issue 6397
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Lawmakers ask NIH and CDC charities for more on donors
By Jeffrey Mervis
Science06 Jul 2018 : 11-12 Restricted Access
Congressional panel seeks greater transparency on private donations to foundations that aid federal research

Science         
06 July 2018  Vol 361, Issue 6397
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Biologists raise alarm over changes to biopiracy rules
By Kai Kupferschmidt
Science06 Jul 2018 : 14 Restricted Access
Plan would bring genetic sequences under Nagoya Protocol
Summary
European scientists are warning that a push to include “digital sequence information” in an international agreement against biopiracy could stifle research, hamper the fight against disease outbreaks, and even jeopardize food safety. Adopted in 2010, the Nagoya Protocol is an international legal framework organizing access to countries’ genetic resources and the sharing of benefits that come out of such research. The agreement has usually been applied to physical samples, but a meeting in Egypt in November could extend it to cover digital sequence information, as well. Researchers fear that more red tape will hamper their research, while others argue that the inclusion is necessary to prevent biopiracy.
Feature

Science         
06 July 2018  Vol 361, Issue 6397
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Hidden conflicts?
By Charles Piller
Science06 Jul 2018 : 16-20 Full Access
An investigation finds a pattern of after-the-fact compensation by pharma to those advising the U.S. government on drug approvals

Science         
06 July 2018  Vol 361, Issue 6397
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Is FDA’s revolving door open too wide?
By Charles Piller
Science06 Jul 2018 : 21 Restricted Access
Many FDA staff overseeing drug reviews end up working for makers of those drugs

Tropical Medicine & International Health
Volume 23, Issue 7  Pages: i-iv, 691-813  July 2018
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13653156/current

Original Research Papers
Prevalence and clinical profile of rotavirus A infection among diarrhoeal children and phylogenetic analysis with vaccine strains in Chengdu, West China, 2009–2014
Yu‐Hang Chen, Fan Chen, Tao Zhou, Jia‐Yi Chen, Tian‐Li Zheng, Xin Xu, Xiao‐Fang Pei
Pages: 704-713
First Published: 19 May 2018

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 30  Pages 4393-4588 (16 July 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/28

Conference report
Measles control in Australia – threats, opportunities and future needs
Pages 4393-4398
Raina MacIntyre, Elizabeth Kpozehouen, Mohana Kunasekaran, Kathleen Harriman, … Sonya Nicholl

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 30  Pages 4393-4588 (16 July 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/28

Short communication
Receipt of other routinely recommended vaccines relative to receipt of seasonal influenza vaccines: Trends from medicare administrative data, 2013–2015
Pages 4399-4403
Angela K. Shen, Rob Warnock, Steve Chu, Jeffrey A. Kelman