PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 4 May 2019]

Research Article
The Cost-Effectiveness and Value of Information of Three Influenza Vaccination Dosing Strategies for Individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Bohdan Nosyk, Behnam Sharif, Huiying Sun, Curtis Cooper, Aslam H. Anis, on behalf of the CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network Influenza Vaccine Research Group
Research Article | published 06 Dec 2011 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027059

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 4 May 2019]

Seasonal influenza: Knowledge, attitude and vaccine uptake among adults with chronic conditions in Italy
Gaia Bertoldo, Annalisa Pesce, Angela Pepe, Concetta Paola Pelullo, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, The Collaborative Working Group
Research Article | published 01 May 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215978

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 4 May 2019]

Cost-effectiveness of increased influenza vaccination uptake against readmissions of major adverse cardiac events in the US
Samuel K. Peasah, Martin I. Meltzer, Michelle Vu, Danielle L. Moulia, Carolyn B. Bridges
Research Article | published 29 Apr 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213499

PNAS – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/
[Accessed 4 May 2019]

Ebola vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Chad R. Wells, Abhishek Pandey, Alyssa S. Parpia, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Lauren A. Meyers, Burton H. Singer, and Alison P. Galvani
PNAS first published April 29, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817329116
Significance
Using a spatial model that incorporates human mobility, poverty, and population density, we assessed the effectiveness of the vaccination program that was implemented during the 2018 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results demonstrate that even modest delays in initiating vaccination would have markedly eroded the impact of the program. The methodology we present has applicability for identifying areas at risk during outbreaks of other emerging and reemerging diseases, which is imperative for swift control.
Abstract
Following the April 2018 reemergence of Ebola in a rural region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the virus spread to an urban center by early May. Within 2 wk of the first case confirmation, a vaccination campaign was initiated in which 3,017 doses were administered to contacts of cases and frontline healthcare workers. To evaluate the spatial dynamics of Ebola transmission and quantify the impact of vaccination, we developed a geographically explicit model that incorporates high-resolution data on poverty and population density. We found that while Ebola risk was concentrated around sites initially reporting infections, longer-range dissemination also posed a risk to areas with high population density and poverty. We estimate that the vaccination program contracted the geographical area at risk for Ebola by up to 70.4% and reduced the level of risk within that region by up to 70.1%. The early implementation of vaccination was critical. A delay of even 1 wk would have reduced these effects to 33.3 and 44.8%, respectively. These results underscore the importance of the rapid deployment of Ebola vaccines during emerging outbreaks to containing transmission and preventing global spread. The spatiotemporal framework developed here provides a tool for identifying high-risk regions, in which surveillance can be intensified and preemptive control can be implemented during future outbreaks.

Prehospital & Disaster Medicine
Volume 34 – Issue 2 – April 2019
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/prehospital-and-disaster-medicine/latest-issue

Comprehensive Review
The Challenges of the Health Care Providers in Refugee Settings: A Systematic Review
Nurtaç Kavukcu, Kerim Hakan Altıntaş
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X19000190
Published online: 10 April 2019, pp. 188-196
All over the world, migration is affecting millions of people who either choose or are forced to leave their countries of origin. Health is considered to be one of the important aspects of migration that is highly influenced by the circumstances created by mobility within or across countries. In the context of forced migration, it is well-established that refugees are susceptible to various diseases and other health conditions which might occur or deteriorate based on the health systems and health care provision in receiving countries. There is a considerable amount of research on the challenges encountered by refugees in receiving countries, in terms of health care systems and services. However, there seems to be little focus on the health care providers’ perspectives of the challenges in health care provision in refugee settings. This review aims to explore some of the articles discussing the challenging issues surrounding refugee health from a provider’s perspective.

Risk Analysis
Volume 39, Issue 5 Pages: 957-1191 May 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current

Perspectives
Expert Views on Their Role as Policy Advisor: Pilot Study for the Cases of Electromagnetic Fields, Particulate Matter, and Antimicrobial Resistance
Pita Spruijt, Anne B. Knol, Arthur C. Petersen, Erik Lebret
Pages: 968-974
First Published: 31 October 2018

Tropical Medicine & International Health
Volume 24, Issue 5 Pages: i-iv, 503-656 May 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13653156/current

Reviews
Open Access
Evidence for causal links between education and maternal and child health: systematic review
Barbara S. Mensch, Erica K. Chuang, Andrea J. Melnikas, Stephanie R. Psaki
Pages: 504-522
First Published: 15 February 2019

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Conference info Abstract only
Maternal interventions vigilance harmonization in low- and middle-income countries: Stakeholder meeting report; Amsterdam, May 1–2, 2018
Ajoke Sobanjo-ter Meulen, Flor M. Munoz, David C. Kaslow, Keith P. Klugman, … Andy Stergachis
Pages 2643-2650

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Short communication Abstract only
Trends and spatial distribution of MMR vaccine coverage in Brazil during 2007–2017
Flávia C. Pacheco, Giovanny V.A. França, Guilherme A. Elidio, Carla Magda Allan S. Domingues, … Dirce B. Guilhem
Pages 2651-2655

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Research article Abstract only
Vaccine-preventable diseases and immunisation coverage among migrants and non-migrants worldwide: A scoping review of published literature, 2006 to 2016
Nadia A. Charania, Nina Gaze, Janice Y. Kung, Stephanie Brooks
Pages 2661-2669

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Research article Abstract only
Influenza in Latin America: A report from the Global Influenza Initiative (GII)
Angela Gentile, John Paget, Nancy Bellei, Juan Pablo Torres, … Stanley Plotkin
Pages 2670-2678

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Research article Abstract only
Determinants of satisfaction with information and additional information-seeking behaviour for the pertussis vaccination given during pregnancy
Richard M. Clarke, Pauline Paterson, Miroslav Sirota
Pages 2712-2720

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Research article Abstract only
A qualitative study of vaccination behaviour amongst female Polish migrants in Edinburgh, Scotland
D.R. Gorman, K. Bielecki, L.J. Willocks, K.G. Pollock
Pages 2741-2747

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 20 Pages 2643-2764 (6 May 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/20

Research article Abstract only
A complementary approach to the vaccination promotion continuum: An immunization-specific motivational-interview training for nurses
Arnaud Gagneur, Julie Bergeron, Virginie Gosselin, Anne Farrands, Geneviève Baron
Pages 2748-2756

From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary

PloS one
[25 Apr 2019, 14(4):e0215251]
Influenza vaccination of pregnant women in Paris, France: Knowledge, attitudes and practices among midwives.
P Loubet, C Nguyen, E Burnet, O Launay –
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In France, midwives have been authorized to prescribe vaccines since 2016. Yet vaccination coverage among pregnant women remains low. Understanding the knowledge, attitudes and practices of midwives regarding influenza vaccination could help improve coverage.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017 among midwives practicing in the public and private sectors in Paris using an online questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the data was conducted.
RESULTS: The response rate was 31% (n = 208/669). Overall, knowledge of influenza vaccine recommendations and of vaccine safety and effectiveness was high except regarding new-born immunity and influenza vaccine characteristics. Only 10% of midwives systematically prescribed the vaccine. Reported influenza vaccine uptake among midwives was 39%.
CONCLUSION: Efforts to improve the knowledge of midwives regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccinating pregnant women in order to prevent influenza infection in newborns are necessary. Increasing vaccine uptake in both midwives and pregnant women will require adjusting education strategies.

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health (IJCMPH)
Vol 6, No 5 (2019)
Original Research Articles
A retrospective study on timeliness of vaccination among children aged 0 to 23 months in a rural area of Pondicherry
P Subbiah, A Rajagopal, VK Chavada, KP Vasudevan
Abstract
Background: Immunization is the cost-effective public health intervention that prevents and protects against vaccine preventable diseases. The objective was to estimate the timeliness in receiving age appropriate vaccines and to study selected factors influencing the timeliness of age appropriate vaccines as per national immunization schedule among children aged 0 to 23 months in a rural area of Pondicherry.
Methods: A retrospective study was done at a Community Health Centre, Karikalampakkam, Pondicherry using data from immunization registers of children aged 0 to 23 months, who were born between July 01, 2013 to July 31, 2015. If the child was vaccinated within 7 days of the scheduled time, it was considered as timely vaccination.
Results: Out of 679 children, 52% were males and 48% were females. The median days of delay in vaccination were ranged from 1-171 days. The proportion and the median days of delay were increased progressively as the age of the child increased. The place of delivery was significantly associated with birth doses of OPV, Hepatitis B and BCG vaccination. There was a significant difference in timeliness of vaccination across the birth order of the children for the first, second and third doses of OPV and Pentavalent vaccines (p=0.02). Birth weight of the children was not statistically associated with vaccination delay.
Conclusions: Delay in vaccination in varying frequency was observed for the vaccines administered under the national immunisation schedule. Hence, the age-appropriate vaccinations should be given up-to-date as well as on time.

Media/Policy Watch
This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.
We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.

The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 4 May 2019
Education
What It’s Like to Be Quarantined on a College Campus
Alia Wong May 2, 2019
A UCLA student talks about measles exposure at his school, his time in isolation from other students, and making a TikTok video to pass the time.

BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 4 May 2019
Health
Minister considers ‘all options’ to boost vaccine uptake
4 May 2019
Health secretary Matt Hancock has said he is willing to look at “all options” to boost England’s vaccination levels, including compulsory immunisation.

The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Financial Times
http://www.ft.com/home/uk
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
May 3, 2019
Scientology Cruise Ship With Measles Case Returns To Sea — But Where Will It Be Able To Dock?
The ship seems headed to Curacao, but it’s unclear how the Dutch nation will respond.
ByvRachel SandlervvForbes Staff

Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Guardian
http://www.guardiannews.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
Africa
May 4
Ebola Deaths Top 1,000 in Congo Amid Clinic Attacks
Hostility toward health workers continued to hamper efforts to contain the second-deadliest outbreak of the virus.

World
Scientology Cruise Ship Faces Renewed Quarantine at Home Port in Curacao
May 2
A Church of Scientology cruise ship quarantined by the Caribbean nation of St. Lucia for measles is due to arrive on Saturday back at its home port on the island of Curacao, where it will face similar restrictions, a top health official there said.

U.S.
As Measles Returns, U.S. States Look to Cut Vaccine Exemptions
May 2
Maine could soon prohibit parents from citing religious or personal beliefs to avoid vaccinating their children, making the U.S. state one of a half dozen cracking down during the nation’s largest measles outbreak in 25 years.

Europe
Merck Steps Up U.S. Measles Vaccine Production With Increased Demand
Merck & Co said on Wednesday it has increased production of the measles vaccine to meet an uptick in demand in the United States in the midst of the country’s biggest outbreak in 25 years.

U.S.
NY Officials Issue Fines, Close Schools in Measles Fight
Officials in New York closed more schools, issued more fines and lobbied the Legislature to eliminate religious exemptions for required vaccinations as part of efforts to contain a measles outbreak.

U.S.
Trump Tells Americans: Go Get Your Measles Vaccination
U.S. President Donald Trump on Friday urged Americans to protect themselves with the measles vaccination as the number of cases of the once-eradicated disease in the United States hit the highest levels since 2000.

Asia Pacific
Pakistan’s War on Polio Falters Amid Attacks on Health Workers and Mistrust
Pakistani officials had hoped that 2019 would be the year they declared victory against the disease. But attacks and mistrust of vaccinations make that goal unlikely.

Wall Street Journal
http://online.wsj.com/home-page?_wsjregion=na,us&_homepage=/home/us
Accessed 4 May 2019
Commentary
The Complicated Truth About Vaccines
By Michael Segal
May 1, 2019 6:38 pm ET
They can appear to be the proximate cause of a condition when they have nothing to do with the ultimate cause.

Washington Post
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Think Tanks et al

Brookings
http://www.brookings.edu/
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new relevant content]

Center for Global Development
http://www.cgdev.org/page/press-center
[No new relevant content]

CSIS
https://www.csis.org/
Accessed 4 May 2019
Podcast Episode
The New Era of Global Immunization
April 30, 2019 | By Nellie Bristol

Council on Foreign Relations
http://www.cfr.org/
May 3, 2019
Democratic Republic of Congo
Distrust at Core of Ebola Crisis in Eastern Congo
The Ebola vaccine is proving highly effective in Eastern Conog, but distrust of health workers, skepticism of the disease’s existence, and attacks on medical facilities are stymying progress.
Blog Post by John Campbell Africa in Transition

Kaiser Family Foundation
https://www.kff.org/search/?post_type=press-release
Accessed 4 May 2019
[No new relevant content]