Africa CDC [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.africacdc.org/
Press Releases
Outbreak Brief 42: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
3 November 2020
… s of 9 am East African Time (EAT) 2 November 2020, a total of 1,803,464 COVID-19 cases and 43,389 deaths (CFR: 2.4%) have been reported in 55 African Union (AU) Member States. This is 4% of all cases reported globally. The majority of countries (41, 75%) are still reporting community transmission. Of the countries actively reporting COVID-19 epidemiologic data, fifteen countries are reporting case fatality rates higher than the global case fatality rate of 2.6%, these include Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (7.1%), Chad (6.5%), Sudan (6.0%), Egypt (5.8), Liberia (5.7%), Niger (5.6%), Mali (3.8%), Algeria (3.4%), Gambia (3.2%), Sierra Leone (3.1%), Malawi (3.1%), Zimbabwe (2.9%), Democratic Republic of Congo (2.7%), Burkina Faso (2.7%) and South Africa (2.7%).

China CDC
http://www.chinacdc.cn/en/
No new digest content identified.

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China
http://en.nhc.gov.cn/
News
Nov 7: Daily briefing on novel coronavirus cases in China
On Nov 6, 31 provincial-level regions and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps on the Chinese mainland reported 33 new cases of confirmed infections.

Chinese vice premier demands efforts to curb epidemic spread
Updated: 2020-11-06 | Xinhua
KASHGAR — Chinese Vice Premier Sun Chunlan has stressed a science-based and targeted approach, as well as resolute measures to curb the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to safeguard the lives and health of people of all ethnic groups.
Sun made the remarks during her visit to Kashgar and Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture of Kizilsu in southern Xinjiang on Wednesday and Thursday.
The cluster cases in Kashgar were discovered at an early stage, Sun said, adding that with a timely emergency response mechanism and decisive measures, major progress was achieved in containing the outbreak, and the epidemic situation is on the whole manageable…

One more Chinese COVID-19 vaccine ready for phase-3 clinical trials
Updated: 2020-11-02 | Xinhua
BEIJING — A COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by the Institute of Microbiology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences has shown to be safe in early-stage trials, suggesting potential for further clinical tests.
The results of phase-1 and phase-2 trials support the safety and immunogenicity of this recombinant subunit vaccine in healthy participants, and no serious adverse events have been found so far, the institute said in a statement on Oct 30.
Jointly developed by the institute and Chongqing Zhifei Biological Products Co Ltd, the vaccine was issued with a clinical research permit from the National Medical Products Administration on June 19…

Announcements

Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/frontiers-group/news-press/
News
No new digest content identified.

BARDA – U.S. Department of HHS [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.phe.gov/about/barda/Pages/default.aspx
BARDA News
No new digest content identified.

BMGF – Gates Foundation [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases
Press Releases and Statements
No new digest content identified.

Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.gatesmri.org/
The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit biotech organization. Our mission is to develop products to fight malaria, tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases—three major causes of mortality, poverty, and inequality in developing countries. The world has unprecedented scientific tools at its disposal; now is the time to use them to save the lives of the world’s poorest people
No new digest content identified.

CARB-X [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://carb-x.org/
News
No new digest content identified.

CEPI – Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://cepi.net/
Latest News
CEPI extends partnership with Clover to fund COVID-19 vaccine candidate through global Phase 2/3 study to licensure
:: CEPI to fund the development of Clover’s protein-based S-Trimer vaccine candidate through to licensure, including a global pivotal Phase 2/3 efficacy clinical study beginning before the end of 2020.
:: Agreement between CEPI and Clover anticipates that the vaccine – if proven to be safe and effective – will be made available for procurement and allocation through the COVAX Facility to those who need it most around the world.
:: CEPI’s total investment in S-Trimer will be up to $328 million, including $69.5 million previously announced.
OSLO, Norway and CHENGDU, China,  Nov 03, 2020— CEPI, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, today announced that it will fund the development of the protein-based S-Trimer COVID-19 vaccine candidate by Sichuan Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Inc (China) (“Clover”) through a global pivotal Phase 2/3 efficacy clinical trial and to licensure in China and globally, if the vaccine is proven to be safe and effective…

EDCTP [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.edctp.org/
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
Latest news
No new digest content identified.

Emory Vaccine Center [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.vaccines.emory.edu/
Vaccine Center News
No new digest content identified.

European Medicines Agency [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
News & Press Releases
News: International regulators and WHO join forces to address COVID-19 challenges
Last updated: 06/11/2020
[See COVID above for detail]

European Vaccine Initiative [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.euvaccine.eu/
Latest News
EVI, Oct 29, 2020
Open call for Vaccine R&D services
Developing a vaccine is a time-consuming and complex process, requiring a combination of specialized skills and technical capacities not readily available at a single organization. To facilitate access to these skills and capacities, TRANSVAC2 offers high-quality technical services to support the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for both human and animal use. These services are not restricted to any disease area. Services will be offered free of charge, with few exceptions! Academic and non-academic research groups, SMEs and industries can apply!
Submit your application by December 15th, 2020! For further information on services available and how to apply please visit www.transvac.org

FDA [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/default.htm
Press Announcements /Selected Details
November 6, 2020 – Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes First Test that Detects Neutralizing Antibodies from Recent or Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection

November 3, 2020 – Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: November 3, 2020

FDA – COVID-19 Vaccines [to 7 Nov 2020]
www.fda.gov/covid19vaccines
Upcoming Events
No new digest content identified.

Fondation Merieux [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.fondation-merieux.org/
News, Events
No new digest content identified.

Gavi [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.gavi.org/
News releases
COVAX Facility convenes first meeting of COVAX Shareholders Council
3 November 2020
[See COVAX above for detail]

GHIT Fund [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.ghitfund.org/newsroom/press
GHIT was set up in 2012 with the aim of developing new tools to tackle infectious diseases that No new digest content identified.

Global Fund [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/
News/Updates
Removing Human Rights Barriers to Health: Findings and Lessons
04 November 2020
Programs to remove human rights barriers to HIV, TB and malaria services are essential to increasing the effectiveness of Global Fund grants. Such programs help to ensure health services reach those most affected by the three diseases. The Global Fund Strategy 2017-2022 recognizes and reaffirms this through its human rights objective.
Breaking Down Barriers initiative
As part of attaining this objective, the Global Fund’s Breaking Down Barriers initiative aims to dramatically scale up programs to remove these obstacles. The Global Fund has now published a summary of key findings of the baseline assessments undertaken as part of the initiative:
Breaking Down Barriers Initiative: Summary of Key Findings of the Baseline Assessments in 20 Countries [download in English]

Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness [GloPID-R] [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.glopid-r.org/news/
News
GloPID-R appoints new Chair and Vice Chairs to lead the network’s Board
05/11/2020
GloPID-R is delighted to announce that Dr. Charu Kaushic has been appointed Chair of the network following the excellent work carried out by Prof. Yazdan Yazdanpanah over the past two years. Prof. Yazdanpanah will continue to serve GloPID-R as a Vice Chair.

BMC Medicine publishes ‘Ending COVID-19: progress and gaps in research – highlights of the July 2020 GloPID-R COVID-19 Research Synergies Meetings’
03/11/2020

Hilleman Laboratories [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.hillemanlabs.org/
No new digest content identified.

Human Vaccines Project [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.humanvaccinesproject.org/media/press-releases/
Press Releases
HVP COVID Report
What a COVID-19 Vaccine may Mean for Ageing Adults 
Interview with Wayne Koff, Ph.D., President and CEO
HVP Editor Kristen Jill Abboud recently discussed the state of COVID-19 vaccine research with Koff and asked him about the priorities for evaluating and deploying eventual vaccines in various populations, including the elderly.

IAVI [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.iavi.org/newsroom
PRESS RELEASES/FEATURES
November 6, 2020
Participant Enrollment Begins for Phase I Trial of IAVI-Merck COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate
A Phase I clinical trial of the IAVI-Merck (known as MSD outside the United States and Canada) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate V590 has begun enrolling participants. The randomized, placebo-controlled double-blinded trial is being conducted at seven sites in the U.S. and will include up to 252 participants ages 18 and up, including seniors. This vaccine candidate uses the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) technology that IAVI has developed through its long-standing research program on an rVSV-based HIV vaccine candidate as well as rVSV-based vaccines for other emerging infectious diseases such as Lassa fever and Marburg virus disease.

Merck is the sponsor of the trial, which is called V590-001. IAVI has partnered with Merck on trial design and site selection, and the IAVI Human Immunology Laboratory at Imperial College London is conducting a panel of immunogenicity assays to assess certain aspects of immune responses to the vaccine.
The study will assess the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity (the level of antibodies that target the virus) of V590 compared to placebo…

International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities [ICMRA]
http://www.icmra.info/drupal/en/news
Selected Statements, Press Releases, Research
WHO-ICMRA joint statement on the need for improved global regulatory alignment on COVID-19 medicines and vaccines
6 November 2020 – Statement
[See Milestones above for detail]

International Generic and Biosimilar Medicines Association [IGBA]
https://www.igbamedicines.org/
News
Global Biosimilars Week: Message of the IGBA Chair (November 2020) [Video]

IFFIm
http://www.iffim.org/
Press Releases/Announcements
No new digest content identified.

IFRC [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/news/press-releases/
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
No new digest content identified.

IRC International Rescue Committee [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.rescue.org/press-release-index
Media highlights [Selected]
No new digest content identified.

IVAC [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/index.html
Updates; Events
No new digest content identified.

IVI [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.ivi.int/
Selected IVI News, Announcements, Events
Webinar on AMR – Evidence to Action: Advancing the Antimicrobial Resistance agenda during a pandemic
Invitation for Webinar on “Evidence to Action: Advancing the Antimicrobial Resistance agenda during a pandemic”
You are invited to the Webinar on “Evidence to Action: Advancing the Antimicrobial Resistance agenda during a pandemic” on the 3rd of December 2020.

JEE Alliance [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.jeealliance.org/
Selected News and Events
No new digest content identified.

MSF/Médecins Sans Frontières [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.msf.org/
Latest [Selected Announcements]
DRC Ebola outbreaks
New strategies at work in eleventh Ebola outbreak in DRC
Interview 4 Nov 2020

Mozambique
Urgent assistance needed for hundreds of thousands of people displaced by viol…
Press Release 3 Nov 2020

South Sudan
Urgent vaccination campaign needed to stop spread of measles in Pibor
Press Release 3 Nov 2020
Juba, South Sudan ─ Two months into a measles outbreak in Pibor town in the Greater Pibor Administrative Area, the spread of the highly contagious and life-threatening illness is a severe growing crisis. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) calls on all health organisations to urgently launch a reactive vaccination campaign to curb the outbreak.
On 18 August 2020, MSF treated the first patient for suspected measles in Pibor town, eastern South Sudan. By the end of October, teams had treated over 250 children.
“We believe measles is now widespread and getting out of control. It is especially concerning that the Greater Pibor Administrative Area is flooded and in emergency. We started with four, then six and then 18 isolation beds,” says MSF’s Dr Adelard Shyaka. “At the moment we have 30 children with severe measles receiving treatment in our health facility.”…

National Vaccine Program Office – U.S. HHS [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.hhs.gov/vaccines/about/index.html
No new digest content identified.

NIH [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases
Selected News Releases
No new digest content identified.

PATH [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.path.org/media-center/
Press Release
No new digest content identified.

Sabin Vaccine Institute [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.sabin.org/updates/pressreleases
Statements and Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

UNAIDS [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.unaids.org/en
Selected Press Releases/Reports/Statements
6 November 2020
20–50–80 to reach 100 in Ukraine

3 November 2020
A tale of two Jamaican clinics during COVID-19

2 November 2020
Highly effective HIV prevention option not reaching those who need it

UNICEF [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.unicef.org/media/press-releases
Selected Press releases, Statements
Press release
11/06/2020
UNICEF alarmed by spike in school attacks in Cameroon
UNICEF calls on all parties to protect all children, at school or in their communities and to uphold the principles of the Safe Schools Declaration, which calls for stopping attacks on schools, education facilities and personnel

Press release
11/06/2020
UNICEF and WHO call for emergency action to avert major measles and polio epidemics
As COVID-19 disrupts immunizations, urgent action needed to protect most vulnerable children from deadly and debilitating diseases
[See Milestones above for detail]

Press release
11/05/2020
More than 1.5 million children at risk due to the impact of Tropical Storm ETA in Honduras- UNICEF

Statement
11/05/2020
At least five children and two aid workers killed in a renewed wave of violence in north-west Syria
Statement from Ted Chaiban, UNICEF Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa

Press release
11/05/2020
UNICEF and WHO sound the alarm over 250 000 children at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases in Libya
TRIPOLI, Libya, 5 November 2020 – UNICEF and WHO are extremely concerned over severe shortages of critical vaccines in Libya that threaten the health of the country’s children. Over the past 7 months, unprecedented vaccine shortages in the country have disrupted children’s immunization schedules and put them at risk of disease and death.
There has been an alarming decline in the number of children receiving life-saving vaccines globally. In Libya, this decline is a direct result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to the closure of international borders, movement restrictions, and delays procuring and distributing vaccines. Many vaccination centres have been forced to close due to shortages of personal protective equipment for health workers.
A recent assessment of 200 of Libya’s 700 vaccine sites, carried out by the National Centre of Disease Control with the support of UNICEF and WHO, showed that all 200 sites had stockouts of BCG vaccine and extremely limited quantities of hexavalent vaccine…

Press release
11/03/2020
Nearly half a million children in Nicaragua at risk from Hurricane Eta

Unitaid [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://unitaid.org/
Featured News
No new digest content identified.

Vaccination Acceptance Research Network (VARN) [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://vaccineacceptance.org/news.html#header1-2r
Announcements
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Confidence Project [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.vaccineconfidence.org/
Research and Reports
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Education Center – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center
No new digest content identified.

Wellcome Trust [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://wellcome.ac.uk/news
Opinion | 4 November 2020
Science can give us the tools to end the pandemic, but it needs funding
Jeremy Farrar, Director, Wellcome
Vaccines, tests and treatments, alongside well-equipped health systems, are the solutions to bringing the Covid-19 pandemic under control. But this won’t happen without urgent investment, explains Jeremy Farrar.  

The Wistar Institute [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.wistar.org/news/press-releases
Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

WFPHA: World Federation of Public Health Associations [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.wfpha.org/
Latest News
Major National Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation for Public Health
Nov 6, 2020
Major National Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation for Public Health – What are the major government constraints to enactment and implementation of public health-targeted climate change adaptation (CCA) strategies? According to a recent study…

Call for Case Studies on Responses to COVID-19 Aimed at Improving and Sustaining Health Equity
Nov 6, 2020
Call for Case Studies on Responses to COVID-19 Aimed at Improving and Sustaining Health Equity – World Health Organisation (WHO) in collaboration with the Sustainable Health Equity Movement (SHEM) initiative is seeking submissions of case studies that…

Oral Health for Children: A Human Right
Nov 2, 2020
Oral Health for Children: A Human Right – Every child should have good oral health as a basic human right. The World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) has produced 1 webinar to pinpoint: The global challenge of child oral health Why is…

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/press-releases/2020/
Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

::::::

ARM [Alliance for Regenerative Medicine] [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://alliancerm.org/press-releases/
Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

BIO [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://www.bio.org/press-releases
Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

DCVMN – Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.dcvmn.org/
News; Upcoming events
DCVMN manufacturers trigger successful Collaborative Registration Procedure (CRP) for WHO Prequalified Vaccines in Developing Countries
Geneva, 03nd November 2020 – Encouraged by open dialogue between WHO and DCVMN, vaccine manufacturers are actively pursuing the WHO Collaborative Registration Procedure: three companies – Biological E Ldt., Bharat Biotech International Ltd. and Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd.- were successful in registering their respective new WHO pre-qualified vaccines in eight developing countries: Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Ghana, Malaysia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Zambia.

The Collaborative Registration Procedure (CRP) was launched in 2013 to facilitate and accelerate the registration process for WHO-prequalified medicines and vaccines in 43 CRP-adopting countries [¹]. It is based on information sharing between WHO prequalification services and National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) by leveraging assessment and inspection reports of WHO prequalification, and thereby eliminating duplicative regulatory tasks, for in-country registration of quality-assured products, contributing to their wider availability. This procedure helps harmonize submissions and streamline the licensure process in many developing countries.

There has been a positive change in the registration process for WHO Prequalified vaccines during past few months [²]. The overall process has proceeded well within the stipulated 90 days period, likely due to the active consultation between NRA’s and WHO-CRP team, although the greater success of achieving maximum registrations through CRP is yet to come.
DCVMN calls for further support from governments to increase the value of WHO-Prequalification of vaccines towards accelerated global access goals.

¹] https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/medicines/collaborative-registration-faster-registration
[²] https://www.who.int/pq-vector-control/resources/orient_crp.pdf?ua=1

ICBA – International Council of Biotechnology Associations [to 7 Nov 2020]
https://internationalbiotech.org/news/
News
No new digest content identified.

IFPMA [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.ifpma.org/resources/news-releases/
Selected Press Releases, Statements, Publications
No new digest content identified.

PhRMA [to 7 Nov 2020]
http://www.phrma.org/
Selected Press Releases, Statements
Press Release
U.S. trade policy must prioritize American biopharmaceutical innovation and patient access
November 2, 2020
As the United States biopharmaceutical industry works around the clock to develop vaccines and treatments for COVID-19, it’s more important than ever that countries’ international trade policies facilitate patient access to innovative medicines. The pandemic has shed additional light on various countries’ unsustainable barriers that threaten availability, research and development of much-needed treatments and cures…

Journal Watch
Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focu-s on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.
If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

American Journal of Infection Control
November 2020 Volume 48 Issue 11 p1287-1414
http://www.ajicjournal.org/current

Major Articles
What makes people intend to take protective measures against influenza? Perceived risk, efficacy, or trust in authorities
Zepeng Gong, Justin Veuthey, Ziqiang Han
Published online: July 30, 2020
p1298-1304

American Journal of Infection Control
November 2020 Volume 48 Issue 11 p1287-1414
http://www.ajicjournal.org/current

State of the Science Review
A scoping review on the influential cognitive constructs informing public AMR behavior compliance and the attribution of personal responsibility
Hayley Fletcher-Miles, John Gammon
Published online: February 14, 2020
p1381-1386

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
November 2020 Volume 5 9Issue 5 p621-772
http://www.ajpmonline.org/current

Characteristics of Repeated Influenza Vaccination Among Older U.S. Adults
Barbara H. Bardenheier, Andrew R. Zullo, Eric Jutkowitz, Stefan Gravenstein
Published online: October 01, 2020
e179-e188

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
November 2020 Volume 5 9Issue 5 p621-772
http://www.ajpmonline.org/current

Variations in Hepatitis B Vaccine Series Completion by Setting Among Adults at Risk in West Virginia
Stacy Tressler, Christa Lilly, Diane Gross, Thomas Hulsey, Judith Feinberg
Published online: October 01, 2020
e189-e196

American Journal of Public Health
November 2020 110(11)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
A Timely History: Examining the History of the World Health Organization to Frame the Future of Global Health Governance
Global Health, History, Human Rights, Social Science, Health Law, Health Policy
Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin
110(11), pp. 1592–1594

American Journal of Public Health
November 2020 110(11)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Reimagining Global Health Governance in the Age of COVID-19
Global Health, Government, Social Science, Health Policy
Lawrence O. Gostin, Suerie Moon and Benjamin Mason Meier
110(11), pp. 1615–1619

American Journal of Public Health
November 2020 110(11)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE
ENOUGH: COVID-19, Structural Racism, Police Brutality, Plutocracy, Climate Change—and Time for Health Justice, Democratic Governance, and an Equitable, Sustainable Future
Other Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Factors, Race/Ethnicity
Nancy Krieger
110(11), pp. 1620–1623

American Journal of Public Health
November 2020 110(11)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

MEASLES
Measles Immunization: The Need for Evidence-Based School Entry Laws
Immunization/Vaccines, Infections, Child and Adolescent Health, Public Health Practice, Health Law, School Health
Gina M. Phillipi and Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill
110(11), pp. 1648–1649

American Journal of Public Health
November 2020 110(11)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
Living Systematic Reviews and Other Approaches for Updating Evidence
Public Health Practice, Statistics/Evaluation/Research, Community Health, Other Statistics/Evaluation/Research
Amy Lansky and Holly R. Wethington
110(11), pp. 1687–1688

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume 103, Issue 5, November 2020
http://www.ajtmh.org/content/journals/14761645/103/5

Perspective Piece
oa What COVID-19 Reveals about the Neglect of WASH within Infection Prevention in Low-Resource Healthcare Facilities
Joanne A. McGriff and Lindsay Denny
Pages: 1762–1764
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0638

BMJ Global Health
November 2020 – Volume 5 – 11
https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/11

Commentary
The urgent need for a global commitment to protect healthcare workers (5 November, 2020)
Ambrose Talisuna, Zabulon Yoti, Christopher Lee, Thomas R Frieden, Matshidiso R Moeti

BMJ Global Health
November 2020 – Volume 5 – 11
https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/11

Bringing a health systems modelling approach to complex evaluations: multicountry applications in HIV, TB and malaria (3 November, 2020)
David E Phillips, Guillermo Ambrosio, Audrey Batzel, Carmen Cerezo, Herbert Duber, Adama Faye, Ibrahima Gaye, Bernardo Hernández Prado, Bethany Huntley, Edgar Kestler, Constant Kingongo, Stephen S Lim, Emily Linebarger, Jorge Matute, Godefroid Mpanya, Salva Mulongo, Caitlin O’Brien-Carelli, Erin Palmisano, Francisco Rios Casas, Katharine Shelley, Roger Tine, Daniel Whitaker, Jennifer M Ross

BMJ Global Health
November 2020 – Volume 5 – 11
https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/11

Availability and affordability of medicines and cardiovascular outcomes in 21 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries (3 November, 2020)
Clara Kayei Chow, Tu Ngoc Nguyen, Simone Marschner, Rafael Diaz, Omar Rahman, Alvaro Avezum, Scott A Lear, Koon Teo, Karen E Yeates, Fernando Lanas, Wei Li, Bo Hu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Rajeev Gupta, Rajesh Kumar, Prem K Mony, Ahmad Bahonar, Khalid Yusoff, Rasha Khatib, Khawar Kazmi, Antonio L Dans, Katarzyna Zatonska, Khalid F Alhabib, Iolanthe Marike Kruger, Annika Rosengren, Sadi Gulec, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Jephat Chifamba, Sumathy Rangarajan, Martin McKee, Salim Yusuf

BMJ Global Health
November 2020 – Volume 5 – 11
https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/11

Original research
Enhancing the use of stakeholder analysis for policy implementation research: towards a novel framing and operationalised measures (6 November, 2020)
Marysol Astrea Balane, Benjamin Palafox, Lia M Palileo-Villanueva, Martin McKee, Dina Balabanova

BMC Health Services Research
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmchealthservres/content
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

Assessment of immunization data quality of routine reports in Ho municipality of Volta region, Ghana
Immunization has been an important public health intervention for preventing and reducing child morbidity and mortality over the years and coverage has increased in the past decades. However, the validity of t…
Authors: Sorengmen Amos Ziema and Livingstone Asem
Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2020 20:1013
Content type: Research article
Published on: 4 November 2020

BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

Effectiveness of HPV vaccination against the development of high-grade cervical lesions in young Japanese women
Although more than 10 years have passed since HPV vaccination was implemented, first as an interim programme (Emergent vaccine promotion programme) in November 2010, followed by incorporating into the National…
Authors: Yuki Shiko, Ryo Konno, Hiroshi Konishi, Catherine Sauvaget, Yasuo Ohashi and Tadao Kakizoe
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:808
Content type: Research article
Published on: 5 November 2020

BMC Medicine
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmed/content
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

Preventable medication harm across health care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mitigating or reducing the risk of medication harm is a global policy priority. But evidence reflecting preventable medication harm in medical care and the factors that derive this harm remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence, severity and type of preventable medication harm across medical care settings.,, This is the largest meta-analysis to assess preventable medication harm. We conclude that around one in 30 patients are exposed to preventable medication harm in medical care, and more than a quarter of this harm is considered severe or life-threatening. Our results support the World Health Organisation’s push for the detection and mitigation of medication-related harm as being a top priority, whilst highlighting other key potential targets for remedial intervention that should be a priority focus for future research.
Authors: Alexander Hodkinson, Natasha Tyler, Darren M. Ashcroft, Richard N. Keers, Kanza Khan, Denham Phipps, Aseel Abuzour, Peter Bower, Anthony Avery, Stephen Campbell and Maria Panagioti
Citation: BMC Medicine 2020 18:313
Content type: Research article
Published on: 6 November 2020

BMC Medicine
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmed/content
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

Use of wearable biometric monitoring devices to measure outcomes in randomized clinical trials: a methodological systematic review
Wearable biometric monitoring devices (BMDs) have the potential to transform the conduct of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by shifting the collection of outcome data from single measurements at predefined…
Authors: Carolina Graña Possamai, Philippe Ravaud, Lina Ghosn and Viet-Thi Tran
Citation: BMC Medicine 2020 18:310
Content type: Research article
Published on: 6 November 2020

BMC Medicine
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmed/content
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

The practice of evaluating epidemic response in humanitarian and low-income settings: a systematic review
Epidemics of infectious disease occur frequently in low-income and humanitarian settings and pose a serious threat to populations. However, relatively little is known about responses to these epidemics. Robust evaluations can generate evidence on response efforts and inform future improvements. This systematic review aimed to (i) identify epidemics reported in low-income and crisis settings, (ii) determine the frequency with which evaluations of responses to these epidemics were conducted, (iii) describe the main typologies of evaluations undertaken and (iv) identify key gaps and strengths of recent evaluation practice.
Authors: Abdihamid Warsame, Jillian Murray, Amy Gimma and Francesco Checchi
Citation: BMC Medicine 2020 18:315
Content type: Research article
Published on: 3 November 2020

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 7 Nov 2020)

Willingness to use HIV prevention methods among vaccine efficacy trial participants in Soweto, South Africa: discretion is important
Despite multiple available HIV prevention methods, the HIV epidemic continues to affect South Africa the most. We sought to understand willingness to use actual and hypothetical HIV prevention methods among pa…
Authors: Fatima Laher, Taibat Salami, Stefanie Hornschuh, Lerato M. Makhale, Mamakiri Khunwane, Michele P. Andrasik, Glenda E. Gray, Hong Van Tieu and Janan J. Dietrich
Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:1669
Content type: Research article
Published on: 7 November 2020

BMJ Open
October 2020 – Volume 10 – 11
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/11

Health policy
Original research
Original research: Advancing a health equity agenda across multiple policy domains: a qualitative policy analysis of social, trade and welfare policy (6 November, 2020)
While there is urgent need for policymaking that prioritises health equity, successful strategies for advancing such an agenda across multiple policy sectors are not well known. This study aims to address this gap by identifying successful strategies to advance a health equity agenda across multiple policy domains.
Belinda Townsend, Sharon Friel, Toby Freeman, Ashley Schram, Lyndall Strazdins, Ronald Labonte, Tamara Mackean, Fran Baum

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 98, Number 11, November 2020, 725-820
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/98/11/en/

EDITORIALS
Strengthening our resolve for primary health care
— Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.279489

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Volume 108, Issue 5 Pages: 897-1106 November 2020
https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15326535/current

Reviews
State of the Art
Data Integrity in Global Clinical Trials: Discussions From Joint US Food and Drug Administration and UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency Good Clinical Practice Workshop
Ni A. Khin et al
Pages: 949-963
First Published:20 January 2020

Clinical Trials
Volume 17 Issue 6, December 2020
https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ctja/17/5

Ethics
When and how to include vulnerable subjects in clinical trials
David Wendler
First Published August 17, 2020; pp. 696–702
Abstract
There has been a good deal of discussion in the literature regarding which subjects are vulnerable in the context of clinical trials. There has been significantly less discussion regarding when and how to include vulnerable subjects in clinical trials. This lack of guidance is a particular problem for trials covered by the US regulations, which mandate strict requirements on the inclusion of three groups: pregnant women/fetuses, prisoners, and children. For the past 30 years, funders, investigators, and institutional review boards have frequently responded to these regulations by excluding pregnant women/fetuses, prisoners, and children from clinical trials. More recent work has emphasized the extent to which a default of exclusion can undermine the value of clinical trials, especially pragmatic trials. A default of exclusion also has the potential to undermine the interests of vulnerable groups, in both the short and the long term. These concerns raise the need for guidance on how to satisfy existing US regulations, while minimizing their negative impact on the value of clinical trials and the interests of vulnerable groups. The present manuscript thus describes a six-step decision procedure that institutional review boards can use to determine when and how to include vulnerable subjects in clinical trials, including pragmatic trials, that are covered by US regulations.

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
December 2020 – Volume 33 – Issue 6
https://journals.lww.com/co-infectiousdiseases/pages/currenttoc.aspx

PAEDIATRIC AND NEONATAL INFECTIONS
The current state of immunization against Gram-negative bacteria in children: a review of the literature
Broad, Jonathan; Le Doare, Kirsty; Heath, Paul T.; More
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. 33(6):517-529, December 2020.

EMBO Reports
Volume 21 Issue 11 5 November 2020
https://www.embopress.org/toc/14693178/current

Opinion 20 October 2020 Free Access
If you promise, you have to deliver
Frank Gannon
COVID‐19 highlighted the importance of science and scientists to produce vaccines, cures and diagnostics. But scientists need to be careful not to overpromise on what they can deliver.

EMBO Reports
Volume 21 Issue 11 5 November 2020
https://www.embopress.org/toc/14693178/current

Science & Society 26 October 2020 Open Access
COVID‐19 and misinformation : Is censorship of social media a remedy to the spread of medical misinformation?
Emilia Niemiec
Social media companies have resorted to censorship to suppress misinformation about the COVID‐19 pandemic. This is not the most prudent solution though given the uncertainties about the disease.

EMBO Reports
Volume 21 Issue 11 5 November 2020
https://www.embopress.org/toc/14693178/current

Science & Society 5 November 2020 Open Access
Health disinformation & social media: The crucial role of information hygiene in mitigating conspiracy theory and infodemics
David Robert Grimes
Social media has been an effective vector for spreading disinformation about medicine and science. Informational hygiene can reduce the severity of falsehoods about health.
Science & Society21 October 2020 Open Access

EMBO Reports

Volume 21 Issue 11 5 November 2020
https://www.embopress.org/toc/14693178/current

COVID‐19 and the boundaries of open science and innovation : Lessons of traceability from genomic data sharing and biosecurity
Jusaku Minari, Go Yoshizawa, Nariyoshi Shinomiya

The COVID‐19 crisis has further highlighted the challenges for open science and data sharing in biomedical research and the need for more traceability and transparency.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume 26, Number 11—November 2020
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

Synopses
Measuring Timeliness of Outbreak Response in the World Health Organization African Region, 2017–2019 [PDF – 2.49 MB – 10 pages]
B. Impouma et al.
Large-scale protracted outbreaks can be prevented through early detection, notification, and rapid control. We assessed trends in timeliness of detecting and responding to outbreaks in the African Region reported to the World Health Organization during 2017–2019. We computed the median time to each outbreak milestone and assessed the rates of change over time using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. We selected 296 outbreaks from 348 public reported health events and evaluated 184 for time to detection, 232 for time to notification, and 201 for time to end. Time to detection and end decreased over time, whereas time to notification increased. Multiple factors can account for these findings, including scaling up support to member states after the World Health Organization established its Health Emergencies Programme and support given to countries from donors and partners to strengthen their core capacities for meeting International Health Regulations.

Ethics & Human Research
Volume 42, Issue 6 Pages: 1-40 November–December 2020
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/25782363/current

Video‐capture studies • Benefit sharing and genomics research
Articles
Benefit Sharing for Human Genomics Research: Awareness and Expectations of Genomics Researchers in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Nchangwi Syntia Munung, Jantina de Vries
Pages: 14-20
First Published: 02 November 2020
ABSTRACT
Benefit sharing is an ethical issue that underscores the need to find a balance between access to genetic resources and the provision of fair benefits in exchange for access. The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) is one of the few initiatives to have engaged with the topic of benefit sharing in human genomics. However, there is a lack of clarity on what benefit sharing entails in human genomics research and how it could be implemented in practice. This paper reports on a qualitative study that explored the views and expectations of benefit sharing by a group of genomics researchers in sub‐Saharan Africa. Overall, while there was little awareness of benefit sharing among the researchers, there was support for benefit sharing in human genetics, and this was based on principles of fairness, solidarity, and reciprocity. This in‐depth explorative study demonstrates the need for genomics research consortia in Africa to have open discussions on benefit sharing and to develop ethics frameworks for benefit sharing in population genomics studies in Africa. HUGO’s statement on benefit sharing and the Nagoya Protocol could provide guidance.

Ethics & Human Research
Volume 42, Issue 6 Pages: 1-40 November–December 2020
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/25782363/current

Loopholes in the Research Ethics System? Informed Consent Waivers in Cluster Randomized Trials with Individual‐Level Intervention
Alex John London, Monica Taljaard, Charles Weijer

Pages: 21-28
First Published: 02 November 2020
ABSTRACT
Individual‐cluster trials randomize groups of individuals but deliver study interventions directly to individual participants. We examine three arguments that might justify the perception that the bar for a waiver of consent should be lower in such trials than for individually randomized trials. We contend that if these arguments are treated as sufficient to grant a waiver of consent, then a loophole emerges in research oversight. Such loopholes are morally hazardous for study participants, the integrity of science, and public trust in the research enterprise. We conclude by articulating the standards that research ethics committees should use to evaluate requests for waivers of consent in individual‐cluster trials.

Global Public Health
Volume 15, 2020 Issue 12
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rgph20/current

Report
Political distrust and the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria
While studies have explored how health sector corruption, weak healthcare system, large-scale immune compromised population, misinformation and prevalence of highly congested slums contribute to the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria, they have glossed over the impact of political distrust on the spread of the virus. This study explores the impact of political distrust on the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria
Christian C. Ezeibe , Chukwudi Ilo , Ezinwanne N. Ezeibe , Chika N. Oguonu , Nnamdi A. Nwankwo , Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero & Nnabuike Osadebe
Pages: 1753-1766
Published online: 06 Oct 2020

Humanitarian Exchange Magazine
Number 78, October 2020
https://odihpn.org/magazine/inclusion-of-persons-with-disabilities-in-humanitarian-action-what-now/

Disability inclusion in humanitarian action
by HPN October 2020
The theme of this edition of Humanitarian Exchange, co-edited with Sherin Alsheikh Ahmed from Islamic Relief Worldwide, is disability inclusion in humanitarian action. Persons with disabilities are not only disproportionately impacted by conflicts, disasters and other emergencies, but also face barriers to accessing humanitarian assistance. At the same time, global commitments and standards and the IASC Guidelines on the inclusion of persons with disabilities in humanitarian action all emphasise how persons with disabilities are also active agents of change. Disability and age-focused organisations have led on testing and demonstrating how inclusion can be done better. Yet despite this progress, challenges to effective inclusion remain.

As Kirstin Lange notes in the lead article, chief among these challenges is humanitarian agencies’ lack of engagement with organisations of persons with disabilities. Simione Bula, Elizabeth Morgan and Teresa Thomson look at disability inclusion in humanitarian response in the Pacific, and Kathy Al Jubeh and Alradi Abdalla argue for a ‘participation revolution’, building on learning from the gender movement. Tchaurea Fleury and Sulayman AbdulMumuni Ujah outline how the Bridge Article 11 training initiative is encouraging constructive exchange between humanitarian and disability actors. The lack of good, disaggregated data is highlighted by Sarah Collinson; Frances Hill, Jim Cranshaw and Carys Hughes emphasise the need for training resources in local languages and accessible formats; and Sophie Van Eetvelt and colleagues report on a review of the evidence on inclusion of people with disabilities and older people.

Rebecca Molyneux and co-authors analyse the findings of a review of a DFID programme in north-east Nigeria, while Carolin Funke highlights the importance of strategic partnerships between disability-focused organisations, drawing on her research in Cox’s Bazar. Sherin Alsheikh Ahmed describes Islamic Relief Worldwide’s approach to mainstreaming protection and inclusion, while Pauline Thivillier and Valentina Shafina outline IRC’s Client Responsive Programming. The edition ends with reflections by Mirela Turcanu and Yves Ngunzi Kahashi on CAFOD’s SADI approach.

Infectious Diseases of Poverty
http://www.idpjournal.com/content
[Accessed 7 Nov 2020]

Moving from rhetoric to action: how Africa can use scientific evidence to halt the COVID-19 pandemic
The ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 has spread rapidly to all countries of the world. Africa is particularly predisposed to an escalation of the pandemic and its negative impact given its weak economy and health systems. In addition, inadequate access to the social determinants of health such as water and sanitation and socio-cultural attributes may constrain the implementation of critical preventive measures such as hand washing and social distancing on the continent.
Authors: Olushayo Oluseun Olu, Joy Luba Lomole Waya, Sylvester Maleghemi, John Rumunu, David Ameh and Joseph Francis Wamala
Content type: Commentary
28 October 2020

JAMA
November 3, 2020, Vol 324, No. 17, Pages 1699-1798
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/currentissue

Viewpoint
Protecting the Editorial Independence of the CDC From Politics
Sonja A. Rasmussen, MD, MS; John W. Ward, MD; Richard A. Goodman, MD, MPH
JAMA. 2020;324(17):1729-1730. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.19646
Beginning September 11, 2020, media sources reported that political appointees within the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have demanded the ability to review and revise scientific reports on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).^1,2 According to these sources, reviews by political appointees have sometimes led to delays in publication and changes in language in certain reports. Whether this is true is unclear, but these reports are consistent with other reports of the actions of political appointees and their attempts to influence the scientific process.³ As former editors in chief of MMWR, we believe these media reports raise serious concerns that in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientific reports published in MMWR might have been delayed or altered for political purposes. These concerns threaten the credibility of MMWR, an essential source of information to help counteract the pandemic.

JAMA Network
COVID-19 Update November 7, 2020

These articles on COVID-19 were published across the JAMA Network in the last week.

JAMA Pediatrics
November 2020, Vol 174, No. 11, Pages 1017-1124
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Review
HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Adolescents in the USA Review
Hasiya Yusuf, MBBS, MPH; Errol Fields, MD, PhD, MPH; Renata Arrington-Sanders, MD, MPH, ScM; et al.
JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(11):1102-1108. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0824
This narrative review assesses the use of preexposure prophylaxis in adolescents of sexual and gender minority groups who are at risk for HIV acquisition.

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics
Volume 15 Issue 5, December 2020
http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/jre/current

Motives and Willingness for Research Participation
Communities and Clinical Trials: A Case Study from the RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Trials in Eastern Africa
Machteld Wyss-van den Berg, Bernhards Ogutu, Nelson K. Sewankambo, Sonja Merten, Nikola Biller-Andorno, Marcel Tanner
First Published August 26, 2020; pp. 465–477

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics
Volume 15 Issue 5, December 2020
http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/jre/current

Book Review: Health research ethics: Safeguarding the interests of research participants
Ali Joseph

First Published September 18, 2020; pp. 494–495

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health
November 2020 – Volume 74 – 11
https://jech.bmj.com/content/74/11

Essay
The COVID-19 pandemic and health inequalities (13 June, 2020) Free
Clare Bambra, Ryan Riordan, John Ford, Fiona Matthews

Journal of Medical Ethics
November 2020 – Volume 46 – 11
http://jme.bmj.com/content/current

Guest editorial
COVID-19 and beyond: the ethical challenges of resetting health services during and after public health emergencies (16 October, 2020)
Paul Baines, Heather Draper, Anna Chiumento, Sara Fovargue, Lucy Frith

Journal of Medical Ethics
November 2020 – Volume 46 – 11
http://jme.bmj.com/content/current

Original research
Uncovering social structures and informational prejudices to reduce inequity in delivery and uptake of new molecular technologies
Sara Filoche¹, et al
Abstract
Advances in molecular technologies have the potential to help remedy health inequities through earlier detection and prevention; if, however, their delivery and uptake (and therefore any benefits associated with such testing) are not more carefully considered, there is a very real risk that existing inequities in access and use will be further exacerbated. We argue this risk relates to the way that information and knowledge about the technology is both acquired and shared, or not, between health practitioners and their patients.

The Lancet
Nov 07, 2020 Volume 396 Number 10261 p1463-1534, e73-e82
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Editorial
COVID-19 in Latin America: a humanitarian crisis
The Lancet
Latin America has some of the highest COVID-19 death rates in the world. Why? For outsiders, much of the discussion of COVID-19 in Latin America has focused on Brazil and the errors of President Jair Bolsonaro. But the region as a whole is facing a humanitarian crisis borne out of political instability, corruption, social unrest, fragile health systems, and perhaps most importantly, longstanding and pervasive inequality—in income, health care, and education—which has been woven into the social and economic fabric of the region…

The Lancet
Nov 07, 2020 Volume 396 Number 10261 p1463-1534, e73-e82
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Comment
First human efficacy study of a plant-derived influenza vaccine
John S Tregoning

The Lancet
Nov 07, 2020 Volume 396 Number 10261 p1463-1534, e73-e82
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Offline: Managing the COVID-19 vaccine infodemic
Richard Horton