Yearly Archives: 2021

Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination

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JAMA
May 11, 2021, Vol 325, No. 18, Pages 1813-1912
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/currentissue

 

Research Letter
Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination
Venkata Viswanadh Edara, PhD; William H. Hudson, PhD; Xuping Xie, PhD; et al.
free access
JAMA. 2021;325(18):1896-1898. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4388
This study examines the neutralizing antibody response to 4 SARS-CoV-2 variants in infected and vaccinated individuals.

Spike Antibody Levels of Nursing Home Residents With or Without Prior COVID-19 3 Weeks After a Single BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose

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JAMA
May 11, 2021, Vol 325, No. 18, Pages 1813-1912
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/currentissue

 

Spike Antibody Levels of Nursing Home Residents With or Without Prior COVID-19 3 Weeks After a Single BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose
Hubert Blain, MD, PhD; Edouard Tuaillon, MD, PhD; Lucie Gamon; et al.
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2021;325(18):1898-1899. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6042
This study compares IgG antibody levels after a single dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in nursing home residents with vs without prior COVID-19.

Influenza Vaccination and Hospitalization Outcomes Among Older Patients With Cardiovascular or Respiratory Diseases

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Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume 223, Issue 7, 1 April 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/223/7

 

VIRUSES
Influenza Vaccination and Hospitalization Outcomes Among Older Patients With Cardiovascular or Respiratory Diseases
Yuanjie Pang, Qi Wang, Min Lv, Mengke Yu, Ming Lu …
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 223, Issue 7, 1 April 2021, Pages 1196–1204, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa493
Influenza vaccination was associated with lower risk of in-hospital death among patients hospitalized for cardiovascular or respiratory disease, lower risk of readmission among patients hospitalized for cardiovascular disease, and lower direct medical costs for both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.

One-Year Decline of Poliovirus Antibodies Following Fractional-Dose Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine

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Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume 223, Issue 7, 1 April 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/223/7

 

One-Year Decline of Poliovirus Antibodies Following Fractional-Dose Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Ali Faisal Saleem, Ondrej Mach, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Zaubina Kazi, Attaullah Baig …
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 223, Issue 7, 1 April 2021, Pages 1214–1221, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa504
A significant decline in antibody titers 12 months following the second IPV dose was observed. The slope of decline was similar for full IPV and fIPV recipients, providing further evidence that fIPV is a viable option for IPV dose sparing.

Efficacy of a low-dose candidate malaria vaccine, R21 in adjuvant Matrix-M, with seasonal administration to children in Burkina Faso: a randomised controlled trial

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The Lancet
May 15, 2021 Volume 397 Number 10287 p1781-1858, e12-e14
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

 

Articles
Efficacy of a low-dose candidate malaria vaccine, R21 in adjuvant Matrix-M, with seasonal administration to children in Burkina Faso: a randomised controlled trial
Mehreen S Datoo, et al.
Background
Stalled progress in controlling Plasmodium falciparum malaria highlights the need for an effective and deployable vaccine. RTS,S/AS01, the most effective malaria vaccine candidate to date, demonstrated 56% efficacy over 12 months in African children. We therefore assessed a new candidate vaccine for safety and efficacy.
Interpretation
R21/MM appears safe and very immunogenic in African children, and shows promising high-level efficacy.

Impact and effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths following a nationwide vaccination campaign in Israel: an observational study using national surveillance data

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The Lancet
May 15, 2021 Volume 397 Number 10287 p1781-1858, e12-e14
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

 

Impact and effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths following a nationwide vaccination campaign in Israel: an observational study using national surveillance data
Eric J Haas, et al
Interpretation
Two doses of BNT162b2 are highly effective across all age groups (≥16 years, including older adults aged ≥85 years) in preventing symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19-related hospitalisations, severe disease, and death, including those caused by the B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant. There were marked and sustained declines in SARS-CoV-2 incidence corresponding to increasing vaccine coverage. These findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccination can help to control the pandemic.

Problems with traffic light approaches to public health emergencies of international concern

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The Lancet
May 15, 2021 Volume 397 Number 10287 p1781-1858, e12-e14
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

 

Viewpoint
Problems with traffic light approaches to public health emergencies of international concern
Clare Wenham, et al.
…Conclusion
The PHEIC mechanism is a potentially powerful and unique normative tool within the international system to spur collective action. However, PHEICs and the IHR are not perfect. The problems with PHEIC declarations are not about insufficient gradients of a health emergency. Instead, the tension within this global health security mechanism results from states’ refusal to engage in collective action in response to expert advice from an international organisation, particularly when seeing action as against short-term interests: a classic problem in international relations.
Although a non-binary PHEIC might appeal, to some governments and WHO, analysing similar efforts suggests that traffic light systems might only be useful at slowing traffic. A tiered or regional system will introduce bigger problems into global health diplomacy.

Leave no one behind: ensuring access to COVID-19 vaccines for refugee and displaced populations

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Nature Medicine
Volume 27 Issue 5, May 2021
https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/27/issues/5

 

Comment | 19 April 2021
Leave no one behind: ensuring access to COVID-19 vaccines for refugee and displaced populations
Ensuring access to vaccines against COVID-19 for refugee and displaced populations and addressing health inequities are vital for an effective pandemic response.
Monette Zard, Ling San Lau, S. Patrick Kachur

COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence

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PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 15 May 2021]

 

COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence
Md Saiful Islam, Abu-Hena Mostofa Kamal, Alamgir Kabir, Dorothy L. Southern, Sazzad Hossain Khan, S. M. Murshid Hasan, Tonmoy Sarkar, Shayla Sharmin, Shiuli Das, Tuhin Roy, Md Golam Dostogir Harun, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Nusrat Homaira, Holly Seale
Research Article | published 12 May 2021 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251605

Characteristics of Misinformation Spreading on Social Media During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Descriptive Analysis

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Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
https://www.dovepress.com/risk-management-and-healthcare-policy-archive56
[Accessed 15 May 2021]

 

Original Research
Characteristics of Misinformation Spreading on Social Media During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Descriptive Analysis
Chen K, Luo Y, Hu A, Zhao J, Zhang L
Published Date: 10 May 2021

Israel’s COVID-19 endgame

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Science
14 May 2021 Vol 372, Issue 6543
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

 

Editorial
Israel’s COVID-19 endgame
By Ran D. Balicer, Reut Ohana
Science14 May 2021 : 663
Summary
As several countries now confront COVID-19 surges, Israel may be crossing over to other side of the pandemic. Whereas 5.5 million new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections were reported globally last week, Israel reported only 398 (compared with >50,000 in January). Already, 54% of Israel’s 9.2 million citizens have been fully vaccinated, considerably more than in most other countries. In the coming months, as restrictions continue to ease, the country should be optimistic, yet cautious, as risks of resurgence persist. Israel thus may well be an early case study for favorable outcomes of a mass-vaccination campaign.

Investigate the origins of COVID-19

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Science
14 May 2021 Vol 372, Issue 6543
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

 

Letters
Investigate the origins of COVID-19
By Jesse D. Bloom, Yujia Alina Chan, Ralph S. Baric, Pamela J. Bjorkman, Sarah Cobey, Benjamin E. Deverman, David N. Fisman, Ravindra Gupta, Akiko Iwasaki, Marc Lipsitch, Ruslan Medzhitov, Richard A. Neher, Rasmus Nielsen, Nick Patterson, Tim Stearns, Erik van Nimwegen, Michael Worobey, David A. Relman
Science14 May 2021 : 694

A paradigm shift to combat indoor respiratory infection

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Science
14 May 2021 Vol 372, Issue 6543
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

 

Policy Forum
A paradigm shift to combat indoor respiratory infection
By Lidia Morawska, Joseph Allen, William Bahnfleth, Philomena M. Bluyssen, Atze Boerstra, Giorgio Buonanno, Junji Cao, Stephanie J. Dancer, Andres Floto, Francesco Franchimon, Trisha Greenhalgh, Charles Haworth, Jaap Hogeling, Christina Isaxon, Jose L. Jimenez, Jarek Kurnitski, Yuguo Li, Marcel Loomans, Guy Marks, Linsey C. Marr, Livio Mazzarella, Arsen Krikor Melikov, Shelly Miller, Donald K. Milton, William Nazaroff, Peter V. Nielsen, Catherine Noakes, Jordan Peccia, Kim Prather, Xavier Querol, Chandra Sekhar, Olli Seppänen, Shin-ichi Tanabe, Julian W. Tang, Raymond Tellier, Kwok Wai Tham, Pawel Wargocki, Aneta Wierzbicka, Maosheng Yao
Science14 May 2021 : 689-691 Restricted Access
Building ventilation systems must get much better

When politics collides with public health: COVID-19 vaccine country of origin and vaccination acceptance in Brazil

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Vaccine
Volume 39, Issue 19 Pages 2605-2730 (6 May 2021)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/39/issue/19

 

Short communication Full text access
When politics collides with public health: COVID-19 vaccine country of origin and vaccination acceptance in Brazil
Wladimir G. Gramacho, Mathieu Turgeon
Pages 2608-2612

Ten-year follow-up on efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of two doses of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine or one dose of monovalent varicella vaccine: Results from five East European countries

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Vaccine
Volume 39, Issue 19 Pages 2605-2730 (6 May 2021)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/39/issue/19

 

Research article Open access
Ten-year follow-up on efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of two doses of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine or one dose of monovalent varicella vaccine: Results from five East European countries
Roman Prymula, Michael Povey, Jerzy Brzostek, Hana Cabrnochova, … Md Ahsan Habib
Pages 2643-2651

COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, values and intentions among United States adults prior to emergency use authorization

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Vaccine
Volume 39, Issue 19 Pages 2605-2730 (6 May 2021)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/39/issue/19

 

Research article Full text access
COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, values and intentions among United States adults prior to emergency use authorization
Daniel A. Salmon, Matthew Z. Dudley, Janesse Brewer, Lilly Kan, … Benjamin Schwartz
Pages 2698-2711

The critical role of background rates of possible adverse events in the assessment of COVID-19 vaccine safety

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Vaccine
Volume 39, Issue 19 Pages 2605-2730 (6 May 2021)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/39/issue/19

 

Research article Full text access
The critical role of background rates of possible adverse events in the assessment of COVID-19 vaccine safety
Steven B. Black, Barbara Law, Robert T. Chen, Cornelia L. Dekker, … Greg Poland
Pages 2712-2718

Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey)

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines

 

(Accessed 15 May 2021)
Open Access Article
Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey)
by Lauren Périères et al and on behalf of the ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey Study Group
Vaccines 2021, 9(5), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050510 (registering DOI) – 15 May 2021
Abstract
Detailed knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination coverage and timeliness for sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. We used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018–2019 in the area of Niakhar, Senegal, to estimate coverage, timeliness, and factors associated with non-adherence to […]

Attitudes toward Vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. A Longitudinal Study Performed before and Two Months after the Commencement of the Population Vaccination Programme in Poland

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines

 

Open Access Article
Attitudes toward Vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. A Longitudinal Study Performed before and Two Months after the Commencement of the Population Vaccination Programme in Poland
by Mateusz Babicki and Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas
Vaccines 2021, 9(5), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050503 – 13 May 2021
Abstract
Despite the fact that more than a year has passed since the WHO declared the pandemic, there is still no effectivetreatment of COVID-19. According to current knowledge, the only method to stop the virus from spreading is prophylactic vaccination of the population. However, […]

The Incidence and Severity of Post-Vaccination Reactions after Vaccination against COVID-19

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines

 

Open Access Article
The Incidence and Severity of Post-Vaccination Reactions after Vaccination against COVID-19
by Izabela Jęśkowiak et al
Vaccines 2021, 9(5), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050502 – 13 May 2021
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 might be limited by vaccination. Society should be vaccinated to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to protect persons who are at high risk for complications. In Poland, the National Vaccination Program has been introduced, which […]

Stakeholders’ Understandings of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Rapid Qualitative Systematic Review

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines

 

Open Access Systematic Review
Stakeholders’ Understandings of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Rapid Qualitative Systematic Review
by Caroline Deignan et al
Vaccines 2021, 9(5), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050496 – 12 May 2021
Abstract
Cervical cancer rates in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are amongst the highest worldwide. All three of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines (9-valent, quadrivalent and bivalent HPV vaccine) provide primary protection against the most common cancer-causing strains of HPV (types 16 and 18) that are

Targeting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Minority Populations in the US: Implications for Herd Immunity

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines

 

Open Access Review
Targeting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Minority Populations in the US: Implications for Herd Immunity
by James E. K. Hildreth and Donald J. Alcendor
Vaccines 2021, 9(5), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050489 – 11 May 2021
Abstract
There has been a continuous underrepresentation of minorities in healthcare research and vaccine trials, along with long-standing systemic racism and discrimination that have been fueling the distrust of the healthcare system among these communities for decades. The history and legacy of racial injustices […

Media/Policy Watch

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Media/Policy Watch
This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.
We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.
The sheer volume of vaccine and pandemic-related coverage is extraordinary. We will strive to present the most substantive analysis and commentary we encounter.

 

The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 15 May 2021
Health
No One Actually Knows If You’re Vaccinated
Vaccination requirements in stores, offices, and schools can offer peace of mind. But they’re rarely going to prove anything.
Ian Bogost
May 14, 2021

 

BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 15 May 2021
[No new, unique, relevant content]

 

The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
May 15th 2021
Ten million reasons to vaccinate the world

Next in line
A worrying new wave of covid-19 is hitting South-East Asia
Cases are rising across a region that had been relatively unscathed
Less than one dose for every 100 of the world’s people has been given away
May 15th 2021 edition

 

Financial Times
https://www.ft.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
Covid-19 vaccines
J&J pushes Latin America to take unfrozen vaccines in Covax talks
May 14, 2021
Top of Form
Bottom of Form

Covid-19 vaccines
Cuba deploys homegrown Covid jabs before regulators give go-ahead
May 13, 2021
Top of Form
Bottom of Form

The Big Read
India’s Covid-19 crisis diminishes Narendra Modi
May 13, 2021

FT Magazine Gillian Tett
Radical transparency will help vaccinate the world
May 12, 2021
Top of Form
Bottom of Form

Pedro Sánchez
Intellectual property must not be an obstacle to fair vaccine supply
May 12, 2021
Top of Form
Bottom of Form

 

Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
May 14, 2021
Fake Vaccine Cards On The Rise: CVS Employee Arrested For Stealing Them
A CVS employee in Long Island, New York, was arrested this week for stealing Covid-19 vaccination cards to distribute, Nassau County Police said Thursday.

Editors’ Pick  |  
May 14, 2021
WHO Chief Implores Rich Nations—Like The U.S.— To Not Vaccinate Children And Teens Against Covid And Donate Doses For Poorer Countries
It is a “moral catastrophe” that a handful of rich countries dominate global vaccine supplies, he said.
By Robert Hart Forbes Staff

 

Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
[No new, unique, relevant content]

 

Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
Voice
Industrial Policy Saved Europe’s Vaccine Drive
The EU got its act together not by banning exports but through classic cooperation with industry.
By Caroline de Gruyter, a Europe correspondent for the Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad and a columnist at Foreign Policy.

 

New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
Medical Dispatch
India’s Crisis Marks a New Phase in the Pandemic
In countries where the storm is lifting, it’s time to turn outward and help the rest of the world.
By Dhruv Khullar
May 13, 2021

Dispatch
India’s Epidemic of False COVID-19 Information
As patients and families frantically seek treatment, elected officials—and some physicians—have fuelled denialism and specious talk of miracle cures.
By Rahul Bhatia
May 10, 2021

 

New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
U.S.
Mask? No Mask? New Rules Leave Americans Recalibrating, Hour by Hour
The C.D.C. said fully vaccinated people could safely go most places without a mask. Not everyone was sure, or ready.
By Mitch Smith
PRINT EDITION May 16, 2021

World
Greece opens its doors to international tourists.
Greek television showed islanders on Mykonos, one of the country’s most popular summer destinations, painting cobblestone streets with whitewash in anticipation.
By Niki Kitsantonis May 16, 2021

The Upshot
723 Epidemiologists on When and How the U.S. Can Fully Return to Normal
Government mandates are lifting, but these experts say the pandemic won’t really end nationally until more people, including children, are vaccinated.
By Claire Cain Miller, Kevin Quealy and Margot Sanger-Katz May 16, 2021

 

Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 15 May 2021
[No new, unique, relevant content]