Announcements

Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group    [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.alleninstitute.org/news-press/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
BMGF – Gates Foundation  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute    [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.gatesmri.org/
The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit biotech organization. Our mission is to develop products to fight malaria, tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases—three major causes of mortality, poverty, and inequality in developing countries. The world has unprecedented scientific tools at its disposal; now is the time to use them to save the lives of the world’s poorest people
No new digest content identified.
 
 
CARB-X   [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://carb-x.org/
CARB-X is a non-profit public-private partnership dedicated to accelerating antibacterial research to tackle the global rising threat of drug-resistant bacteria.
No new digest content identified.
 
 
CEPI – Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://cepi.net/
29 Mar 2019
The woman who helped to stop an Ebola epidemic in Nigeria
By Niniola Soleye
In 2014-2016, West Africa experienced the largest Ebola outbreak to date. Thanks to the heroic work of Dr Ameyo Stella Adadevoh and others, Nigeria steered clear of what could have been a very deadly outbreak of the disease. Tragically Dr Adadevoh lost her life to Ebola, but her legacy lives on today through the Dr Ameyo Stella Adadevoh Health Trust…

29 Mar 2019 – Comment
You can’t beat epidemics without equitable access to vaccines
By Richard Hatchett, CEPI CEO
We’re developing vaccines against emerging infectious diseases. Getting them to the people who need them, when they need them, regardless of ability to pay, is not just important for access, it’s the only way to beat epidemic… CEPI is 100% committed to equitable access. This commitment drives every aspect of our work and is key to our success as a global health organisation…

Clinton Health Access Initiative, Inc. (CHAI)  [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://clintonhealthaccess.org/about/
No new digest content identified.

EDCTP    [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.edctp.org/
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
Latest news
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Emory Vaccine Center    [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.vaccines.emory.edu/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
European Medicines Agency  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
News and press releases
News: EU recommendations for 2019/2020 seasonal flu vaccine composition
01/04/2019
 
 
European Vaccine Initiative  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.euvaccine.eu/news-events
Latest news
No new digest content identified.
 
 

FDA [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/default.htm
April 03, 2019 –
Statement by FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., and Biologics Center Director Peter Marks, M.D., Ph.D. on FDA’s continued efforts to stop stem cell clinics and manufacturers from marketing unapproved products that put patients at risk, while progressing the agency’s commitment to help advance legitimate stem cell product development under existing agency regulations
 
 
Fondation Merieux  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.fondation-merieux.org/
No new digest content identified.

Gavi [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.gavi.org/
Latest News
03 April 2019
Cholera vaccination campaign begins in Mozambique
Following Cyclone Idai devastation, nearly 900,000 people will receive the vaccine from the Gavi-funded stockpile.
Geneva, 3 April 2019 – An oral cholera vaccination campaign to protect survivors of Cyclone Idai begins today in Beira, Mozambique. Funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the campaign will be carried out by the Mozambique Ministry of Health, with support from the World Health Organization (WHO) and other partners, including UNICEF, the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and Save the Children.
There has already been one reported cholera death and almost 1,500 reported cases following the cyclone, which caused severe flooding in Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi and Madagascar after making landfall in March. Nine cholera treatment centres, with 500-bed capacity, are already admitting patients.
“Cyclone Idai’s trail of devastation has left the city of Beira’s water and sanitation infrastructure in ruins, providing the perfect conditions for cholera to spread,” said Gavi CEO, Dr Seth Berkley. “This cyclone has already caused enough devastation and misery across south east Africa; we have to hope these vaccines will help stop a potentially major outbreak and prevent yet more suffering.”

02 Apr…il 2019
Japan to host major event to boost vaccination in world’s poorest countries
Opportunity to save lives through immunisation to be unveiled at the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) 7
Geneva, 2 April 2019 – Japan will host a launch meeting for Gavi’s third replenishment at August’s TICAD 7 in Yokohama that will set out how Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, on the eve of its 20th anniversary, will continue its work vaccinating millions of children in the world’s poorest countries.
“Japan has been a strong supporter of our mission for many years and we’re delighted they have offered to host this milestone event,” said Dr Seth Berkley, CEO of Gavi. “The core aim of TICAD – to help build a healthy and prosperous Africa – couldn’t be closer to Gavi’s mission. Vaccines are a crucial platform for primary health care, which is itself a cornerstone of universal health coverage. They also prevent the diseases that stop children going to school and finding work later in life. Vaccines not only build healthy societies, they build healthy economies.”
The Japanese government has supported Gavi since 2011, providing about US$ 130 million in the years since for Gavi’s programmes around the world…

  
GHIT Fund [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.ghitfund.org/newsroom/press
GHIT was set up in 2012 with the aim of developing new tools to tackle infectious diseases that devastate the world’s poorest people. Other funders include six Japanese pharmaceutical
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Global Fund [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/
News
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Hilleman Laboratories [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.hillemanlabs.org/
No new digest content identified.
 
 
Human Vaccines Project [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.humanvaccinesproject.org/media/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IAVI [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.iavi.org/newsroom
No new digest content identified.

IFFIm
http://www.iffim.org/library/news/press-releases/
1 April 2019
​Moody’s  Investors Service has today assigned a Aa1 senior unsecured rating (outlook stable) to the trust certificate issued by IFFIm Sukuk Company III Limited (“the Issuer”), a special purpose vehicle established in the Cayman Islands by the International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm).

IFRC   [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/news/press-releases/
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
Iran, Middle East and North Africa
“Iran is under water” – IFRC announces support as flood crisis worsens
Beirut/Geneva, 3 April 2019 – As the flooding emergency in Iran worsens, the world’s largest humanitarian network has released just under 500,000 Swiss francs to bolster local Red Crescent relief efforts. The funds released from IFRC’s Disaster Relief …
3 April 2019

Africa, Mozambique
Mozambique: Aid reaches community cut off since cyclone
Beira/Geneva, 3 April 2019 – More than 2,300 people isolated since Cycone Idai struck Mozambique received a major delivery of Red Cross emergency supplies late yesterday. The community of Buzi, which lies to the south of the city of Beira, had been alm …
3 April 2019

Europe, Middle East and North Africa
Red Cross Red Crescent Mediterranean National Societies to tackle cross-cutting migration issues
More than 150 Red Cross Red Crescent delegates from 23 countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea are meeting in Sarajevo this week to discuss approaches to aiding vulnerable migrants and the communities receiving them.
2 April 2019

IVAC  [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/index.html
No new digest content identified.

IVI   [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.ivi.int/
IVI News & Announcements
No new digest content identified.

JEE Alliance  [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.jeealliance.org/
Selected News and Events
No new digest content identified.
 
 
MSF/Médecins Sans Frontières  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.msf.org/
Selected News; Project Updates, Reports [as presented on website]
Rwanda
Rwandan genocide 25 years on: MSF caught in spiral of extreme violence from Rwanda to Zaire
Voices from the Field 5 Apr 2019

Cyclone Idai & Southern Africa flooding
MSF emergency response to Cyclone Idai and flooding
Crisis Update 5 Apr 2019

Palestine
Gaza’s numbing routine of injury and death
Voices from the Field 4 Apr 2019

Niger
Violence, humanitarian needs and fear mount in Diffa
Project Update 4 Apr 2019

Nigeria
Over 30,000 people in acute need in northern Borno state
Press Release 4 Apr 2019

Yemen
Medical admissions in Aden suspended after patient kidnapped and killed
Press Release 4 Apr 2019

DRC 2018 Ebola outbreaks
Crisis update – April 2019
Crisis Update 3 Apr 2019

Iraq
Triaging patients in one of Baghdad’s busiest emergency departments
Voices from the Field 2 Apr 2019

Libya
Migrants in Libya: “We were able to make their time in that horrible place slightly better.”
Voices from the Field 2 Apr 2019
 
 
NIH  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases
April 4, 2019
Scientists explore new roles for RNA
— Cells use RNA to communicate; researchers may be able to translate this information into clinical applications.

FDA-approved drug effectively treats rare chronic immune disorder
April 3, 2019 — Small NIH clinical trial conducted in partnership with AstraZeneca [hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES)].

Opioid epidemic is increasing rates of some infectious diseases
April 3, 2019 —
Health, substance use professionals must work together to thwart public health crisis.
The United States faces a converging public health crisis as the nation’s opioid epidemic fuels growing rates of certain infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, heart infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. Infectious disease and substance use disorder professionals must work together to stem the mounting public health threat, according to a new commentary in the Journal of Infectious Diseases…

NIH begins first-in-human trial of a universal influenza vaccine candidate
April 3, 2019 —
Investigational vaccine [H1ssF_3928] designed to provide broad, durable protection from flu.
…The clinical trial is being conducted at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. It is being led by Grace Chen, M.D., of NIAID’s Vaccine Research Center (VRC) Clinical Trials Program. The trial will gradually enroll at least 53 healthy adults aged 18 to 70 years. The first five participants will be aged 18 to 40 years and will receive a single 20-microgram (mcg) intramuscular injection of the experimental vaccine. The remaining 48 participants will receive two 60-mcg vaccinations spaced 16 weeks apart. They will be stratified by age into four groups of 12 people each: 18 to 40 years, 41 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, and 60 to 70 years. Investigators hope to understand how participants’ immune responses to the experimental vaccine may vary based on age and the likelihood of their previous exposure to different influenza variants…

Acute flaccid myelitis requires galvanized research response
April 2, 2019 — NIH experts review puzzling muscle paralysis condition in children.

New $22 Million Project Targets Deadly Viruses
BRONX, N.Y., April 4, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has awarded an international consortium led by Albert Einstein College of Medicine, part of Montefiore, a five-year, $22 million grant to develop antibody-based therapies against four highly lethal viruses for which there are no approved vaccines or treatments.

The viruses are the tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and three hantaviruses, which are spread by rodents: Andes virus (ANDV), Sin Nombre virus (SNV), and Puumula virus (PUUV). The NIAID has designated all but PUUV as Category A agents—emerging infectious diseases or pathogens that pose the highest risk to national security and public health.

The project, called the Prometheus Center for Excellence in Translational Research (Prometheus), focuses on viruses that spread from animals to people. It builds on a 2017 study involving ebolaviruses, believed to spread to people from fruit bats or primates. In addition to Einstein, the participating institutions leading the project are the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc., The University of Texas at Austin, and Adimab, LLC, a biotech company…

PATH  [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.path.org/media-center/
April 2, 2019 by PATH
New report by PAHO and PATH details strategies to improve vaccine programs through effective data use
[See Milestones above for detail]

Sabin Vaccine Institute  [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.sabin.org/updates/pressreleases
Tuesday, April 2, 2019
Dr. Carol Baker Receives 2019 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal
Washington, D.C. – The Sabin Vaccine Institute (Sabin) today announced it will present its annual Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal to Dr. Carol J. Baker, whose groundbreaking research in group B Streptococcus (GBS) is accelerating progress toward a much-needed vaccine to prevent a bacterial infection that can cause lifelong illness or death in newborns.

UNAIDS [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.unaids.org/en
Selected Press Releases/Reports/Statements
2 April 2019
Helping the forgotten generation  [Burkina Faso,]

2 April 2019
Learning lessons on evaluation  [UNAIDS’ first consultation on evaluation]

1 April 2019
Key populations are being left behind
In 2017, approximately 47% of new HIV infections globally were among key populations and their sexual partners.
Members of key populations are at a significantly higher risk of contracting HIV. The available data suggest that the risk of HIV acquisition among gay men and other men who have sex with men was 28 times higher in 2017 than it was among heterosexual men. Similarly, the risk of acquiring HIV for people who inject drugs was 22 times higher than for people who do not inject drugs, 13 times higher for female sex workers than adult women aged 15–49 years and 13 times higher for transgender women than adults aged 15–49 years.

UNICEF  [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.unicef.org/media/press-releases
News note
Venezuela crisis: UNICEF ramps up support for children and families amidst electricity blackouts
05/04/2019

Press release
Venezuela migrant crisis: 1.1 million children across the region will need assistance in 2019, up from nearly half a million today – UNICEF
UN children’s agency calls on host and transit countries to protect uprooted children from discrimination and ensure access to essential services
05/04/2019

Press release
Opening Remarks by Henrietta Fore, UNICEF Executive Director, At opening of Sanitation and Water for All Sector Ministers’ Meeting San José, Costa Rica April 4, 2019
04/04/2019

Press release
Islamic Development Bank and UNICEF to establish a Global Muslim Philanthropy Fund for Children
03/04/2019

Statement
Only quality education and an end to violence can offer hope and better opportunities for children in Honduras
Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore following visit to Honduras
03/04/2019

Press release
1 in 4 health care facilities lacks basic water services – UNICEF, WHO
02/04/2019
[See Milestones above for detail]

Press release
Cyclone Idai: 900,000 cholera vaccine doses arrive in Beira, Mozambique
02/04/2019
Nearly 900,000 doses of the cholera vaccine, procured by UNICEF and the World Health Organization (WHO), arrived in Beira, Mozambique, on Tuesday afternoon and the vaccination campaign will begin imminently. The vaccines are funded by Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance.
Mozambique’s Ministry of Health has confirmed 1,052 cases of cholera in the aftermath of Cyclone Idai. The vast majority of these (959 cases) are in Beira where one death has also been confirmed, followed by Nhamatanda (87 cases). The disease is spreading rapidly…
 
 

Vaccine Confidence Project [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.vaccineconfidence.org/
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Education Center – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center
No new digest content identified.

Wellcome Trust [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://wellcome.ac.uk/news
No new digest content identified.

The Wistar Institute   [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.wistar.org/news/press-releases
Press Release   Apr. 5, 2019
Synthetic DNA-encoded Antibodies Against Zika Virus Shown to be Effective in Preclinical Studies
The DNA-encoded monoclonal antibody platform provides rapid and sustained protection against Zika virus infection.
World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/press-releases/2019/
No new digest content identified.

::::::

BIO [to 6 Apr 2019]
https://www.bio.org/insights/press-release
No new digest content identified.

DCVMN – Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.dcvmn.org/
No new digest content identified.

IFPMA [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.ifpma.org/resources/news-releases/
No new digest content identified.

PhRMA [to 6 Apr 2019]
http://www.phrma.org/press-room
No new digest content identified.

Journal Watch

   Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focus on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.

If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Research article
Epidemiology and burden of influenza in healthy children aged 6 to 35 months: analysis of data from the placebo arm of a phase III efficacy trial
Despite World Health Organization recommendations, in many countries young children are not targeted for influenza vaccination. To help inform influenza vaccination policy, we examined the occurrence and burde…
Authors: Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain, Annick Moureau, Camille Schiffler, Martin Dupuy, Stephanie Pepin, Sandrine I. Samson, Philippe Vanhems and François Schellevis
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:308
Published on: 4 April 2019

BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Research article
Epidemiology and burden of influenza in healthy children aged 6 to 35 months: analysis of data from the placebo arm of a phase III efficacy trial
Despite World Health Organization recommendations, in many countries young children are not targeted for influenza vaccination. To help inform influenza vaccination policy, we examined the occurrence and burde…
Authors: Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain, Annick Moureau, Camille Schiffler, Martin Dupuy, Stephanie Pepin, Sandrine I. Samson, Philippe Vanhems and François Schellevis
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:308
Published on: 4 April 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Debate
Defining & assessing the quality, usability, and utilization of immunization data
High quality data are needed for decision-making at all levels of the public health system, from guiding public health activities at the local level, to informing national policy development, to monitoring the…
Authors: Peter Bloland and Adam MacNeil
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:380
Published on: 4 April 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Research article
Religious and community leaders’ acceptance of rotavirus vaccine introduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: a qualitative study
In Indonesia, oral rotavirus vaccines are available but not funded on the National Immunization Program (NIP). New immunization program introduction requires an assessment of community acceptance. For religiou…
Authors: Retna Siwi Padmawati, Anita Heywood, Mei Neni Sitaresmi, Jarir Atthobari, C. Raina MacIntyre, Yati Soenarto and Holly Seale
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:368
Published on: 3 April 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Research article
Revitalization of integrated disease surveillance and response in Sierra Leone post Ebola virus disease outbreak
The Ministry of Health and Sanitation (MOHS) in Sierra Leone partially rolled out the implementation of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) in 2003. After the Ebola virus disease outbreak in 20…
Authors: Charles Njuguna, Amara Jambai, Alexander Chimbaru, Anders Nordstrom, Roland Conteh, Anderson Latt, Shikanga O-tipo, Robert Musoke, Jane Githuku, Zablon Yoti, Ali Yahaya, Ambrose Talisuna, Soatiana Rajatonirina and Ibrahima Socé Fall
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:364
Published on: 2 April 2019

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 4, April 2019, 245-308
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/4/en/

PERSPECTIVES
Immunization programmes and notifications of vital events
— Gustavo Corrêa, Philippe Verstraete, Riswana Soundardjee, Manjari Shankar, Colin Paterson, Lee Hampton, Debra Jackson, Maria Muniz, Remy Mwamba, Kristen Wenz, Martin W Bratschi, Carla AbouZahr & Hope Johnson
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.210807
In many low- and middle-income countries, civil registration and vital statistics systems rely on passive reporting, with families expected to attend local registry offices to register vital events, such as births and deaths. However, these families may face physical, cultural, legal, socioeconomic or other barriers that impede their access to registration and reduce the performance of civil registration and vital statistics systems…

Epidemics
Pages 1-134 (March 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/epidemics/vol/26/suppl/C

Review article  Open access
Fogarty International Center collaborative networks in infectious disease modeling: Lessons learnt in research and capacity building
Martha I. Nelson, James O. Lloyd-Smith, Lone Simonsen, Andrew Rambaut, … Cécile Viboud
Pages 116-127

Epidemics
Pages 1-134 (March 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/epidemics/vol/26/suppl/C

Research article   Open access
The impact of influenza vaccination on infection, hospitalisation and mortality in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2015
J.A. Backer, J. Wallinga, A. Meijer, G.A. Donker, … M. van Boven
Pages 77-85

Epidemics
Pages 1-134 (March 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/epidemics/vol/26/suppl/C

Research article  Open access
Vaccinating children against influenza increases variability in epidemic size
J.A. Backer, M. van Boven, W. van der Hoek, J. Wallinga
Pages 95-103

The European Journal of Public Health
Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/issue/29/1

Editorial
Social media, bots and research performance
Reiner Leidl
European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky123
Extract
Both in the promotion and in the analysis of public health, the social context is a key issue to consider. Over the last years, social media have revolutionized our social contexts by adding new forms of networking. The network characteristic is a powerful factor contributing to the rapid expansion of social media: beneficial or malignant impacts of networks tend to increase dramatically with the number of network users. For commercial network markets, this dynamic power is known to reinforce the strong players in the market and thus, to lead to highly concentrated markets, e.g. in mobile communication. In the political arena, politicians, parties and voters are carefully observing social…

The European Journal of Public Health
Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/issue/29/1

Health Services Research
Unexplained variations in general practitioners’ perceptions and practices regarding vaccination in France
Fanny Collange; Anna Zaytseva; Céline Pulcini; Aurélie Bocquier; Pierre Verger
European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019, Pages 2–8, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky146

The European Journal of Public Health
Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/issue/29/1

Health policy analysis of the non-implementation of HPV vaccination coverage in the pay for performance scheme in France
Robin Ohannessian; Panayotis Constantinou; Franck Chauvin
European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019, Pages 23–27, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky173

The European Journal of Public Health
Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/issue/29/1

Infectious disease
Austerity, measles and mandatory vaccination: cross-regional analysis of vaccination in Italy 2000–14
Veronica Toffolutti; Martin McKee; Alessia Melegaro; Walter Ricciardi; David Stuckler
European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 2019, Pages 123–127, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky178

Globalization and Health
http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/
[Accessed 24 Nov 2018]

Debate  Open Access
A Comprehensive Framework to Optimize Short-Term Experiences in Global Health (STEGH)
Shivani Shah, Henry C. Lin and Lawrence C. Loh
Globalization and Health201915:27
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0469-7
Abstract
Increasing demand for Short-term Experiences in Global Health (STEGH), particularly among medical trainees, has seen a growth in programming that brings participants from high-income countries to low and middle-income settings in order to engage in service, teaching or research activities. Historically the domain of faith-based organizations conducting “missions”, STEGH are now offered by diverse groups including academic institutions, non-profit organizations, and the private sector, either as dedicated for-profits or through corporate social responsibility arms…

Health Economics, Policy and Law 
Volume 14 – Special Issue 2 – April 2019
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/health-economics-policy-and-law/latest-issue
SPECIAL ISSUE: Frontiers of Health Policy Research

If the enhancement of human freedom is both the main object and the primary means to development (Sen, 1999), then good individual and population health are both ends and means to development and freedom in all countries, regardless of their current ranking on the Human Development Index or other indexes on wealth, prosperity and well-being…

This special issue on the ‘frontiers in health policy research’ focuses attention on three distinct areas of inquiry. One set of papers analyses efforts to improve the quality of care and increase the value of care that health systems purchase. A second set of articles focuses on issues of health behaviour and social determinants of health. Finally, the third set of articles presents differing views on how to predict the adequacy of supply of medical professionals. The range of these articles illustrates, not only the exciting breadth of health policy research, but the degree to which scholars within this field are addressing issues of high importance to policy makers around the world. We think it is fair to claim that all of the articles address issues that are on the ‘frontier’ of health policy in the sense that they attempt to provide answers to questions that policy makers around the world are currently grappling with…

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article Commentary
Decision-making for PCV in adults
John M. McLaughlin, David L. Swerdlow, Raul E. Isturiz & Luis Jodar
Pages: 584-593
Published online: 10 Dec 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article Commentary
Vaccine confidence plummets in the Philippines following dengue vaccine scare: why it matters to pandemic preparedness
Heidi J Larson, Kenneth Hartigan-Go & Alexandre de Figueiredo
Pages: 625-627
Published online: 12 Oct 2018 Article

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Cause and consequence of loss in vaccine trust
Antonio L. Dans, Leonila F. Dans, Maria Asuncion A. Silvestre, Scott B. Halstead & Gordon H. Guyatt
Pages: 628-629
Published online: 11 Dec 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Regarding response by Dans et. al. to our article, “Vaccine confidence plummets in the Philippines following dengue vaccine scare: why it matters to pandemic preparedness.”
Heidi Larson, Kenneth Hartigan-Go & Alexandre de Figueiredo
Page: 630
Published online: 19 Feb 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Empathy in vaccination counselling: a survey on the impact of a three-day residential course
Massimo Maurici, Michele Arigliani, Valentina Dugo, Carlo Leo, Valentina Pettinicchio, Raffaele Arigliani & Elisabetta Franco
Pages: 631-636
Published online: 15 Nov 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Logistical and structural challenges are the major obstacles for family medicine physicians’ ability to administer adult vaccines
Ozlem Equils, Caitlyn Kellogg, Lucy Baden, Wendy Berger & Shannon Connolly
Pages: 637-642
Published online: 29 Nov 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Logistical and structural challenges are the major obstacles for family medicine physicians’ ability to administer adult vaccines
Ozlem Equils, Caitlyn Kellogg, Lucy Baden, Wendy Berger & Shannon Connolly
Pages: 637-642
Published online: 29 Nov 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Global impact of varicella vaccination programs
Fernanda Hammes Varela, Leonardo Araújo Pinto & Marcelo Comerlato Scotta
Pages: 645-657
Published online: 10 Dec 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, and beliefs of healthcare provider students regarding mandatory influenza vaccination
Heba Ghandora, Donna M. Halperin, Jennifer E. Isenor, Beth A. Taylor, Philippe Fullsack, Antonia M. Di Castri & Scott A. Halperin
Pages: 700-709
Published online: 04 Jan 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Experience implementing a university-based mass immunization program in response to a meningococcal B outbreak
Blair Capitano, Krista Dillon, Andre LeDuc, Bruce Atkinson & Cynthia Burman
Pages: 717-724
Published online: 08 Jan 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 3, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Impact of a vaccination promotion intervention using motivational interview techniques on long-term vaccine coverage: the PromoVac strategy
Thomas Lemaitre, Nathalie Carrier, Anne Farrands, Virginie Gosselin, Geneviève Petit & Arnaud Gagneur
Pages: 732-739
Published online: 04 Jan 2019

International Journal of Epidemiology
Volume 48, Issue 1, February 2019
https://academic.oup.com/ije/issue/48/1

Opinion
Precision public health—the Emperor’s new clothes
David Taylor-Robinson; Frank Kee
International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 48, Issue 1, February 2019, Pages 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy184
Extract
Recently the Centre for Disease Control suggested that ‘precision public health’ presents significant opportunities to improve the health of the population,1 but what does this concept add and does it live up to the hype? The promise is that by harnessing the power of Big Data, particularly genomic data, we may indeed see early gains in public health as a result of ‘more-accurate methods for measuring disease, pathogens, exposures, behaviors, and susceptibility’ to guide targeted prevention strategies.2 However, the term ‘precision public health’ is susceptible to misinterpretation.

JAMA
April 2, 2019, Vol 321, No. 13, Pages 1229-1320
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Current and Future Challenges for Children Across the World
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, MBBS, FRCPCH, PhD; Robert E. Black, MD, MPH
free access
JAMA. 2019;321(13):1251-1252. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.1840
This Viewpoint argues that children have been left behind in UN and other global health efforts, calls for a focus on health measures beyond survival to define success, and outlines requirements to achieve real improvements in child health, including access to preventive care, a focus on education and nutrition, and introduction of information systems to monitor the population effects of health services.

[See Milestones above for full text]

JAMA Pediatrics
April 2019, Vol 173, No. 4, Pages 303-404
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Challenges in Early Childhood Development
Kemin Qi, MD
JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(4):307-308. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5381
This Viewpoint describes the significance of early childhood development (ECD) and the global challenges many clinicans face and proposes approaches and objectives for governments to reach to scale up ECD.

JAMA Pediatrics
April 2019, Vol 173, No. 4, Pages 303-404
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Original Investigation
Long-term Association of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation With Rates of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children
Naïm Ouldali, MD; Corinne Levy, MD; Philippe Minodier, MD; et al.
JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(4):362-370. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5273
This time-series analysis of community-acquired pneumonia diagnosed in 8 pediatric emergency departments in France assesses the rate of infection in children 15 years and younger before and after implement of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 26, Issue 1, 2019
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue/26/1

Perspectives
Human mobility and health in a warming world
Patricia Nayna Schwerdtle, MPH, RN; Kathryn Bowen, PhD, MSc; Celia McMichael, PhD, MSc; Rainer Sauerborn, MD, PhD, MPH, MSc
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 26, Issue 1, 2019, tay160, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/tay160
Climate change will shape patterns of human mobility on a spectrum of voluntary migration to forced displacement. This paper discusses the nexus between climate change, migration and health, identifies climate hotspots and explores the health implications for climate-related migration.

Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 26, Issue 1, 2019
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue/26/1

Massive diphtheria outbreak among Rohingya refugees: lessons learnt
Md Ridwanur Rahman, MBBS, FCPS; Khaleda Islam, MBBS, MPH
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 26, Issue 1, 2019, tay122, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/tay122
Several lessons can be learnt from the massive diphtheria outbreak faced by Rohingya (forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals) refugees who fled violence in Myanmar and settled in camps and makeshift settlements in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, 2017–2018.

The Lancet
Apr 06, 2019   Volume 393Number 10179p1385-1476, e36
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Editorial
China’s research renaissance
The Lancet
   … An outward-looking China could broaden the influence of its scientific renaissance by fostering synergy between health researchers at home and abroad. In this way, the country’s research impact would be maximised. When researchers across countries embrace a collegial approach, advances in care anywhere are more likely to improve outcomes everywhere.

Nature 
Volume 568 Issue 7750, 4 April 2019
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Editorial | 02 April 2019
Court ruling highlights the threat of vaccine misinformation
Distorted facts that undermine uptake of the human papillomavirus vaccine could leave a generation at risk.
[See Milestones above for full text]

Nature Medicine
Volume 25 Issue 4, April 2019
https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/25/issues/4

Review Article | 01 April 2019
Broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies in the clinic
Broadly neutralizing antibodies have the potential to clear HIV and prevent further infection, as shown in emerging clinical studies.
Marina Caskey, Florian Klein & Michel C. Nussenzweig

New England Journal of Medicine
April 4, 2019   Vol. 380 No. 14
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Perspective
Pharmacologic Research in Pregnant Women — Time to Get It Right
Ahizechukwu C. Eke, M.D., M.P.H.,
Kelly E. Dooley, M.D., Ph.D.,
and Jeanne S. Sheffield, M.D.
Facilitating inclusion of pregnant women in clinical research could help answer important questions about the effects of medication use during pregnancy and the ways in which pregnancy alters pharmacokinetics and drug effects.

New England Journal of Medicine
April 4, 2019   Vol. 380 No. 14
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Perspective
An Epidemic of Suspicion — Ebola and Violence in the DRC
Vinh-Kim Nguyen, M.D.
[Excerpts]
… As a medical team leader for Médecins sans Frontières (MSF), I work halfway between Butembo and Goma, North Kivu’s capital city and a transport hub.
…The community outreach workers I supervise have reported that in areas where security forces accompany Ebola teams, there is substantial distrust and palpable fear, most notably of forced vaccination. In areas where the epidemic response has not involved security forces, the opposite is true: people ask to be vaccinated. The lesson is clear: guns and public health don’t mix. Epidemics thrive on fear — when they are frightened, patients flee hospitals, sick people stay away to begin with, and affected communities distrust groups trying to respond to the epidemic.
As they see Land Rovers emblazoned with the logos of nongovernmental and international organizations cruising by, people in the DRC say, “Ebola is just a business.” They note that no one seems to care about daily deaths from malaria and other infectious diseases, the lack of clean water, or surgeries that must be performed by candlelight because there’s no power. “You will leave when Ebola does,” I have heard, “but we will still be here, slowly dying from the diseases that have always killed us.”…
…The mistrust of authority in the DRC also reflects a growing global mistrust of experts and science. Vaccine refusals are a growing problem worldwide, and they have already resulted in measles epidemics in the United States and France and in outbreaks elsewhere. Mistrust of public health authorities may thus be the new norm, and smoldering epidemics merely a symptom. State-of-the-art medical interventions won’t be enough without serious efforts to rebuild trust, informed by social science rather than pious liturgies. Displays of armed force feed a vicious cycle of mistrust, infection, and violence. If we continue down that path, those seemingly fantastical dystopian outbreak movies, with their heavily armed global health forces and rebelling populations, may not be so far from reality in the near future.

Pediatrics
April 2019, VOLUME 143 / ISSUE 4
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/143/4?current-issue=y

Pediatrics Perspectives
How to Prepare for Expert Testimony on the Safety of Vaccination
Stanley A. Plotkin
Pediatrics Apr 2019, 143 (4) e20183578; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-3578

Pharmaceutics
Volume 11, Issue 3 (March 2019)
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/11/3

Open Access  Review
The Digital Pharmacies Era: How 3D Printing Technology Using Fused Deposition Modeling Can Become a Reality
by Maisa R. P. Araújo, Livia L. Sa-Barreto, Tais Gratieri, Guilherme M. Gelfuso and Marcilio Cunha-Filho
Pharmaceutics 2019, 11(3), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11030128
Received: 24 February 2019 / Revised: 12 March 2019 / Accepted: 14 March 2019 / Published: 19 March 2019
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is set to join the fourth industrial revolution with the 3D printing of medicines. The application of 3D printers in compounding pharmacies will turn them into digital pharmacies, wrapping up the telemedicine care cycle and definitively modifying the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of patients. Fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology melts extruded drug-loaded filaments into any dosage form; and allows the obtainment of flexible dosages with different shapes, multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients and modulated drug release kinetics—in other words, offering customized medicine. This work aimed to present an update on this technology, discussing its challenges. The co-participation of the pharmaceutical industry and compounding pharmacies seems to be the best way to turn this technology into reality. The pharmaceutical industry can produce drug-loaded filaments on a large scale with the necessary quality and safety guarantees; while digital pharmacies can transform the filaments into personalized medicine according to specific prescriptions. For this to occur, adaptations in commercial 3D printers will need to meet health requirements for drug products preparation, and it will be necessary to make advances in regulatory gaps and discussions on patent protection. Thus, despite the conservatism of the sector, 3D drug printing has the potential to become the biggest technological leap ever seen in the pharmaceutical segment, and according to the most optimistic prognostics, it will soon be within reach.

PLoS Medicine
http://www.plosmedicine.org/
(Accessed 6 Apr 2019)

Policy Forum
A whole-health–economy approach to antimicrobial stewardship: Analysis of current models and future direction
Monsey McLeod, Raheelah Ahmad, Nada Atef Shebl, Christianne Micallef, Fiona Sim, Alison Holmes
Policy Forum | published 29 Mar 2019 PLOS Medicine
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002774

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 6 Apr 2019]

Research Article
Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among undergraduate students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences
Yvette Wibabara, Cecily Banura, Joan Kalyango, Charles Karamagi, Alex Kityamuwesi, Winfred Christine Amia, Ponsiano Ocama
Research Article | published 05 Apr 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214732

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 6 Apr 2019]

Factors contributing to racial disparities in influenza vaccinations
Suma Vupputuri, Kevin B. Rubenstein, Alphonse J. Derus, Bernadette C. Loftus, Michael A. Horberg
Research Article | published 03 Apr 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213972

Qualitative Health Research
Volume 29 Issue 5, April 2019
http://qhr.sagepub.com/content/current

Special Issue: Qualitative Contributions to Randomized Control Trials
Guest Editorial
Evaluating Complex Health Interventions With Randomized Controlled Trials: How Do We Improve the Use of Qualitative Methods?
Jenevieve Mannell, Katy Davis
First Published March 14, 2019; pp. 623–631
Preview
Qualitative methods are underutilized in health intervention evaluation, and overshadowed by the importance placed on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This Commentary describes how innovative qualitative methods are being used as part of RCTs, drawing on articles included in a special issue of Qualitative Health Research on this topic. The articles’ insights and a review of innovative qualitative methods described in trial protocols highlights a lack of attention to structural inequalities as a causal mechanism for understanding human behavior. We situate this gap within some well-known constraints of RCT methodologies, and a discussion of alternative RCT approaches that hold promise for bringing qualitative methods center stage in intervention evaluation, including adaptive designs, pragmatic trials, and realist RCTs. To address the power hierarchies of health evaluation research, however, we argue that a fundamental shift needs to take place away from a focus on RCTs and toward studies of health interventions.

Qualitative Health Research
Volume 29 Issue 5, April 2019
http://qhr.sagepub.com/content/current
Special Issue: Qualitative Contributions to Randomized Control Trials

Special Issue Articles
Parental Experiences of Child Participation in a Phase I Pediatric Oncology Clinical Trial: “We Don’t Have Time to Waste”
Stacey Crane, Joan E. Haase, Susan E. Hickman
First Published April 11, 2018; pp. 632–644
Abstract
Children with cancer are only eligible for phase I clinical trials (P1Ts) when no known curative therapy remains. However, the primary aims of P1Ts are not focused on directly benefiting participants. This raises ethical concerns that can be best evaluated by exploring the experiences of participants. An empirical phenomenology study, using an adapted Colaizzi method, was conducted of 11 parents’ lived experiences of their child’s participation in a pediatric oncology P1T. Study findings were that parents’ experiences reflected what it meant to have a child fighting to survive high-risk cancer. Although elements specific to P1T participation were identified, more pervasive was parents’ sense of running out of time to find an effective treatment and needing to use time they had with their child well. Even though some problems were identified, overall parents did not regret their child’s P1T participation and would recommend P1Ts to other parents of children with cancer.

Research Ethics
Volume 15 Issue 2, April 2019
http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/reab/current

Topic Piece
The attitude of scholars has not changed towards plagiarism since the medieval period: Definition of plagiarism according to Shams-e-Qays, thirteenth-century Persian literary scientist
Ramin Sadeghi
First Published May 31, 2016; pp. 1–3
Abstract
Almost all researchers are familiar with the concept of plagiarism these days. However, many scholars allege that plagiarism and its ethical ramifications are new western concepts that have not existed in scientific and literary history. In their opinion, using the ideas of others was allowed liberally in past academic and literary communities. I have presented the definition of “plagiarism” according to Shams-e-Qays, a great Persian literary scientist of the thirteenth century AD, to show that this is not the case and that the attitude towards plagiarism was even more strict in ancient times.

Research Ethics
Volume 15 Issue 2, April 2019
http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/reab/current

Original Article: Empirical
Status of retraction notices for biomedical publications associated with research misconduct
Daniel Drimer-Batca, Jonathan M Iaccarino, Alan Fine
First Published January 2, 2019; pp. 1–5

Risk Analysis          
Volume 39, Issue 4  Pages: 741-956  April 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current

Original Research Article
Reaping the Benefits and Avoiding the Risks: Unrealistic Optimism in the Health Domain
Yaniv Hanoch, Jonathan Rolison, Alexandra M. Freund
Pages: 792-804
First Published: 04 October 2018
Abstract
People’s perceptions of benefits and risks play a key role in their acceptance or rejection of medical interventions, yet these perceptions may be poorly calibrated. This online study with N = 373 adults aged 19–76 years focused on unrealistic optimism in the health domain. Participants indicated how likely they were to experience benefits and risks associated with medical conditions and completed objective and subjective numeracy scales. Participants exhibited optimistic views about the likelihood of experiencing the benefits and the side effects of treatment options described in the scenarios. Objective and subjective numeracy were not associated with more accurate ratings. Moreover, participants’ underestimation of the risks was significantly greater than their overestimation of the benefits. From an applied perspective, these results suggest that clinicians may need to ensure that patients do not underestimate risks of medical interventions, and that they convey realistic expectations about the benefits that can be obtained with certain procedures.

Science         
05 April 2019  Vol 364, Issue 6435
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Review
The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute
By Laurence S. J. Roope, Richard D. Smith, Koen B. Pouwels, James Buchanan, Lucy Abel, Peter Eibich, Christopher C. Butler, Pui San Tan, A. Sarah Walker, Julie V. Robotham, Sarah Wordsworth
Science05 Apr 2019
Incentivizing restraint in drug use
The accelerating tide of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major worldwide policy concern. Like climate change, the incentives for individual decision-makers do not take into account the costs to society at large. AMR represents an impending “tragedy of the commons,” and there is an immediate need for collective action to prevent future harm. Roope et al. review the issues associated with AMR from an economics perspective and draw parallels with climate change. A major stumbling block for both challenges is to build consensus about the best way forward when faced with many uncertainties and inequities.

Abstract
As antibiotic consumption grows, bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to treatment. Antibiotic resistance undermines much of modern health care, which relies on access to effective antibiotics to prevent and treat infections associated with routine medical procedures. The resulting challenges have much in common with those posed by climate change, which economists have responded to with research that has informed and shaped public policy. Drawing on economic concepts such as externalities and the principal–agent relationship, we suggest how economics can help to solve the challenges arising from increasing resistance to antibiotics. We discuss solutions to the key economic issues, from incentivizing the development of effective new antibiotics to improving antibiotic stewardship through financial mechanisms and regulation.