International Journal of Infectious Diseases
September 2019 Volume 86, p1-212
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(19)X0014-4

Reviews
Hand hygiene in low- and middle-income countries
Michael J. Loftus, Chloe Guitart, Ermira Tartari, Andrew J. Stewardson, Fatma Amer, Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Yew Fong Lee, Shaheen Mehtar, Buyiswa L. Sithole, Didier Pittet
p25–30
Published online: June 9, 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases
September 2019 Volume 86, p1-212
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(19)X0014-4

Short Communications
Measles transmission at an international airport — Taiwan, March–April 2018
Hsin-I Huang, Ming-Chu Tai, Kun-Bin Wu, Wan-Chin Chen, Angela Song-En Huang, Wen-Yueh Cheng, Ming-Tsan Liu, Wan-Ting Huang
p188–190
Published online: August 6, 2019
… This investigation serves as a reminder that an international airport can be a hotspot for measles transmission. International travelers, airline cabin crew, and airport employees are recommended to check their vaccination status and ensure that they are fully vaccinated against measles. Furthermore, it is recommended that airline and airport employers have an occupational health vaccination program in place to ensure appropriate pre-employment assessment of measles immunity and vaccination.

JAMA
October 1, 2019, Vol 322, No. 13, Pages 1225-1322
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
The Power of Vaccines and How Gavi Has Helped Make the World Healthier2019 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award
Seth Berkley, MD
free access
JAMA. 2019;322(13):1251-1252. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13190
this Viewpoint, the CEO of Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award winner Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, describes its work improving access to affordable childhood vaccines in low-income countries.
[See Milestones above for detail]

The Lancet
Oct 05, 2019 Volume 394Number 10205p1205-1296
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Comment
The Global Fund’s Sixth Replenishment Conference: a challenge for France, a challenge for global health
Stéphanie Tchiombiano, Jean-François Delfraissy, François Dabis on behalf of Santé mondiale 2030
… The Global Fund has been supported by unprecedented financial mobilisation for health—US$41·6 billion since its inception. It has had a leading role in the progress achieved in the fight against AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, with 32 million lives saved through the Global Fund partnership by the end of 2018.² The Global Fund has transformed the approach to international development assistance, creating a new ecosystem for global health based on multisectoral governance,³ civil society participation,⁴ country ownership, and independent evaluation mechanisms.

In a context of stagnating development assistance for health for at least the past 5 years,⁵
it is imperative that the Global Fund’s Sixth Replenishment Conference provides a clear and positive signal and initiates a new dynamic, including by refocusing on the trajectory of eliminating the three target diseases. The replenishment is also a time for donor and recipient countries to rethink the Global Fund’s approach so that it increases investment in strengthening health systems and becomes more inclusive and more able to adapt to each context.

The Sixth Replenishment Conference in Lyon is a time to reposition France on the global health agenda. The success of the event will depend on the level of global financial commitment. Given the unmet needs and the possibility of fulfilling them with additional resources, the minimum $14 billion⁶ expected for replenishment is not acceptable and a more ambitious target should be set. The success of the replenishment will also rely on the increased diversity of donors and stakeholders, moving from a Global Fund mainly financed by G7 countries to a truly multilateral Global Fund. Finally, the debate on enlarging the scope and priorities of the Global Fund within the current and future global health agenda should be at the centre of the international debate…

Maternal and Child Health Journal
Volume 23, Issue 10, October 2019
https://link.springer.com/journal/10995/23/10

Original Paper
An Integrative Review: Understanding Parental Use of Social Media to Influence Infant and Child Health
Kelly Pretorius, Karen E. Johnson, Lynn Rew
Parents of young children have unique informational needs and it has been demonstrated that information-seeking behaviors influence health outcomes. Due to social media’s popularity, understanding parents’ use of social media may assist in disseminating accurate parenting information and in developing targeted interventions. Thus, we aimed to identify and describe the existing literature of parental use of social media for parenting in the U.S.

Nature
Volume 574 Issue 7776, 3 October 2019
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Comment | 01 October 2019
China: How science made a superpower
Shellen Wu traces the rise of the dominant force in science, in the second of a series of essays on the ways in which the past 150 years have shaped today’s research system, marking Nature’s anniversary.

Nature
Volume 574 Issue 7776, 3 October 2019
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Review Article | 02 October 2019
Harnessing innate immunity in cancer therapy
The authors review recent developments in our understanding of the antitumour effects of the innate immune system and how this system could be harnessed in the clinic.
Olivier Demaria, Stéphanie Cornen[…] & Eric Vivier

Nature Biotechnology
Volume 37 Issue 10, October 2019
https://www.nature.com/nbt/volumes/37/issues/10

Editorial | 02 October 2019
Opening the door to backroom biologics
What would a world look like in which biohackers had access to automated drug-production platforms?
Open Access
… Biohackers are not the only ones chipping at the pharmaceutical monolith. Several medical centers are starting to produce limited batches of drugs for patients at the bedside through either magistral pharmacies or non-profit companies serving networks of participating hospitals. These initiatives are being driven by shortages in the supply of drugs and spiraling pharmaceutical prices. In the Netherlands, the University of Utrecht has established a network of hospitals capable of manufacturing and distributing magistral products across Europe and beyond. Similarly, in the United States, hospital systems such as Advocate Aurora Health are banding together and forming non-profit companies capable of manufacturing and distributing drugs for participating institutions. Commercial efforts in autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies have already moved the therapeutic frontier away from bulk to small-scale production.

Automated benchtop systems are beginning to integrate oligonucleotide synthesis and protein production. Last month, San Diego biotech SGI-DNA raised $25 million to invest in the global commercial launch of its BioXp 3200 system, an automated benchtop oligo-assembly platform for protein production, antibody library generation and cell engineering. Kilobaser advertises its portable, low-scale oligo synthesizer as the “Nespresso machine for DNA primers” for the research market.

Given economic pressures to innovate in drug manufacture and the potential of platform production technologies to enable decentralization, we may imagine a future in which the brand manufacturers’ monopoly on biologics could be broken. The first charge will come from biosimilar manufacturers. Small-scale magistral production for patients at the bedside would add a flanking maneuver. And biohacking might execute a final sharp pincer movement.

In such a scenario, biohackers could conceivably contribute by discovering new agents for the thousands of rare and ultra-rare diseases with no therapeutic options that drug companies dismiss because markets are too small. Contract services could provide pharmacokinetics and toxicology testing. And if automated production platforms become more widely available—perhaps in magistral production hubs—together with an adapted regulatory approval or registration system, biohackers might be able to plug their homebrew therapeutics into them.
This remains a thought experiment for now…

Nature Genetics
Volume 51 Issue 10, October 2019
https://www.nature.com/ng/volumes/51/issues/10

Editorial | 30 September 2019
In genetics, context matters
Understanding how to biologically interpret the loci identified in genome-wide association studies is a major goal of current genetics research. To achieve this goal, we need to understand where, when and how relevant genes are expressed in specific contexts, in order to explore the mechanistic links between genetic associations and diseases or complex traits.

Pediatrics
October 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 4
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/4?current-issue=y

Articles
Rotavirus Epidemiology and Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness in Australia: 2010–2017
Julia E. Maguire, Keira Glasgow, Kathryn Glass, Susie Roczo-Farkas, Julie E. Bines, Vicky Sheppeard, Kristine Macartney, Helen E. Quinn
Pediatrics Oct 2019, 144 (4) e20191024; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1024
After a rotavirus outbreak, we describe overall rotavirus disease epidemiology and evaluate VE in Australia’s largest state using notification, genotypic, and immunization register data.

Pediatrics
October 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 4
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/4?current-issue=y

HPV Vaccine Delivery Practices by Primary Care Physicians
Allison Kempe, Sean T. O’Leary, Lauri E. Markowitz, Lori A. Crane, Laura P. Hurley, Michaela Brtnikova, Brenda L. Beaty, Elissa Meites, Shannon Stokley, Megan C. Lindley

Pediatrics Oct 2019, 144 (4) e20191475; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1475
In this article, we report current HPV delivery practices by primary care physicians, demonstrating areas for improvement in style and strength of recommendations and practice-based delivery methods.

Pediatrics
October 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 4
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/4?current-issue=y

Pediatrics Perspectives
Building Trust: Clergy and the Call to Eliminate Religious Exemptions
Joshua T.B. Williams, Abraham M. Nussbaum, Sean T. O’Leary
Pediatrics Oct 2019, 144 (4) e20190933; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-0933

Pediatrics
October 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 4
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/4?current-issue=y

Monthly Features
What I Learned From the Antivaccine Movement
Alana C. Ju
Pediatrics Oct 2019, 144 (4) e20192384; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2384

PLoS Medicine
http://www.plosmedicine.org/
(Accessed 5 Oct 2019)

Perspective
High quality health systems in the SDG era: Country-specific priorities for improving quality of care
Gagan Thapa, Manoj Jhalani, Sebastián García-Saisó, Address Malata, Sanam Roder-DeWan, Hannah H. Leslie
| published 03 Oct 2019 PLOS Medicine
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002946

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
http://www.plosntds.org/
(Accessed 5 Oct 2019)

Research Article
A systematic review and evaluation of Zika virus forecasting and prediction research during a public health emergency of international concern
Pei-Ying Kobres, Jean-Paul Chretien, Michael A. Johansson, Jeffrey J. Morgan, Pai-Yei Whung, Harshini Mukundan, Sara Y. Del Valle, Brett M. Forshey, Talia M. Quandelacy, Matthew Biggerstaff, Cecile Viboud, Simon Pollett
| published 04 Oct 2019 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007451

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 5 Oct 2019]

The landscape for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis during pregnancy and breastfeeding in Malawi and Zambia: A qualitative study
Chifundo Zimba, Suzanne Maman, Nora E. Rosenberg, Wilbroad Mutale, Oliver Mweemba, Wezzie Dunda, Twambilile Phanga, Kasapo F. Chibwe, Tulani Matenga, Kellie Freeborn, Leah Schrubbe, Bellington Vwalika, Benjamin H. Chi

Research Article | published 04 Oct 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223487

Prehospital & Disaster Medicine
Volume 34 – Issue 5 – October 2019
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/prehospital-and-disaster-medicine/latest-issue

Original Research
Absence of Cultural Awareness Training in International Non-Governmental Organizations
Cultural awareness is a vital tool when working internationally. Large NGOs, which operate in a wide-range of cultures, have an obligation to act in a culturally aware and accepting manner. Most large NGOs currently lack a systematic, robust cultural awareness training for their employees and volunteers.
Alexander Hart, Mariana Toma, Fadi Issa, Gregory R. Ciottone
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 September 2019, pp. 486-488

Science Translational Medicine
02 October 2019 Vol 11, Issue 512
https://stm.sciencemag.org/

Research Articles
Vaccines inducing immunity to Lassa virus glycoprotein and nucleoprotein protect macaques after a single shot
By Mathieu Mateo, Stéphanie Reynard, Xavier Carnec, Alexandra Journeaux, Nicolas Baillet, Justine Schaeffer, Caroline Picard, Catherine Legras-Lachuer, Richard Allan, Emeline Perthame, Kenzo-Hugo Hillion, Natalia Pietrosemoli, Marie-Agnès Dillies, Laura Barrot, Audrey Vallve, Stéphane Barron, Lyne Fellmann, Jean-Charles Gaillard, Jean Armengaud, Caroline Carbonnelle, Hervé Raoul, Frédéric Tangy, Sylvain Baize
Science Translational Medicine02 Oct 2019 Full Access
A single dose of vaccines eliciting cellular and humoral immunity to Lassa virus glycoprotein and nucleoprotein protects cynomolgus monkeys.

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Conference info Open access
UK vaccines network: Mapping priority pathogens of epidemic potential and vaccine pipeline developments
Rob J. Noad, Karl Simpson, Anthony R. Fooks, Roger Hewson, … Miles W Carroll
Pages 6241-6247

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Conference info Abstract only
Summit proceedings: Biomedical countermeasure development for emerging vector-borne viral diseases
Marcia A. Blackman, Mark A. Marchionni, John Gilly, Matthew Hepburn, … Stephen J. Thomas
Pages 6248-6254

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Conference info Abstract only
Factors and considerations for establishing and improving seasonal influenza vaccination of health workers: Report from a WHO meeting, January 16–17, Berlin, Germany
Thomas Cherian, Kathleen F. Morales, Carsten Mantel, Philipp Lambach, The Independent Expert Advisory Group (IEAG) for Health Worker Influenza Vaccination
Pages 6255-6261

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Short communication Open access
Cost-effectiveness analysis on elderly pneumococcal vaccination in the Netherlands: Challenging the Dutch Health Council’s advice
F. Zeevat, J. van der Schans, W.G. Boersma, C. Boersma, M.J. Postma
Pages 6282-6284

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Review article Abstract only
Updated recommendations of the International Dengue Initiative expert group for CYD-TDV vaccine implementation in Latin America
J.R. Torres, L.H. Falleiros-Arlant, B.D. Gessner, I. Delrieu, … J.M. Castellanos-Martinez
Pages 6291-6298
Abstract
Dengue disease represents a large and growing global threat to public health, causing a significant burden to health systems of endemic countries. For countries considering vaccination as part of their Integrated Management Strategy for Prevention and Control of Dengue, the World Health Organization currently recommends the first licensed dengue vaccine, CYD-TDV for: individuals aged 9 years or above from populations with high transmission rates, based on either seroprevalence criteria or pre-vaccination screening strategies, and for persons with confirmed prior exposure to infection in moderate to lower transmission settings. This paper describes the main conclusions of the Sixth Meeting of the International Dengue Initiative (IDI) held in June 2018, following release of a new product label by the manufacturer, updated WHO-SAGE recommendations, additional scientific evidence on vaccine performance, and reports of experiences by implementing countries. Considerations were made regarding the need for improving the quality of epidemiological and surveillance data in the region to help define the convenience of either of the two vaccination strategies recommended by WHO-SAGE. Extensive discussion was dedicated to the pros and cons of implementing either of such strategies in Latin America. Although, in general, a seroprevalence-based approach was preferred in high transmission settings, when cost-effectivity is favorable pre-vaccination screening is a convenient alternative. Cost-effectiveness evaluations can assist with the decisions by public health authorities of whether to introduce a vaccine. Where implemented, vaccine introduction should be part of a public health strategy that includes the participation of multiple sectors of society, incorporating input from scientific societies, ministries of heath, and civil society, while ensuring a robust communication program.

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Research article Abstract only
Social media and HPV vaccination: Unsolicited public comments on a Facebook post by the Western Cape Department of Health provide insights into determinants of vaccine hesitancy in South Africa
Alison B. Wiyeh, Sara Cooper, Anelisa Jaca, Edison Mavundza, … Charles S. Wiysonge
Pages 6317-6323

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Research article Abstract only
Oral cholera vaccination coverage after the first global stockpile deployment in Haiti, 2014
Eleanor M. Burnett, Jeannot Francois, Nandini Sreenivasan, Kathleen Wannemuehler, … Kashmira Date
Pages 6348-6355

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Research article Abstract only
Determinants of influenza and pertussis vaccine uptake in pregnant women in Ireland: A cross-sectional survey in 2017/18 influenza season
A. Quattrocchi, J. Mereckiene, M. Fitzgerald, S. Cotter
Pages 6390-6396

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Research article Abstract only
Exploring parents’ reasons for incomplete childhood immunisation in Indonesia
Agung Taufiqur Rokhman Syiroj, Jerico Franciscus Pardosi, Anita E. Heywood
Pages 6486-6493

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 43 Pages 6241-6580 (8 October 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/43

Research article Abstract only
Young men who have sex with men’s awareness, acceptability, and willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials: Results from a nationwide online pilot study
Daniel Connochie, Ryan C. Tingler, José A. Bauermeister
Pages 6494-6499

Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
(Accessed 5 Oct 2019)

Open Access Article
Utilising Group-Size and Home-Range Characteristics of Free-Roaming Dogs (FRD) to Guide Mass Vaccination Campaigns against Rabies in India
by Harish Kumar Tiwari, Mieghan Bruce, Mark O’Dea and Ian D Robertson
Vaccines 2019, 7(4), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7040136 – 30 Sep 2019

From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary

No new content identified.

Media/Policy Watch
This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.
We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.

The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Financial Times
http://www.ft.com/home/uk
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Guardian
http://www.guardiannews.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
Sunday Review
World Leaders Once Made Miracles, and Can Again
Global programs founded in the 2000s have saved tens of millions of lives. We need new efforts today.
By Nicholas Kristof

Health
Australia Just Had a Bad Flu Season. That May Be a Warning for the U.S.
In 2017, a terrible flu season in Australia presaged an American outbreak in which 79,000 died. Experts advise getting the shot soon.
By Donald G. McNeil Jr.
PRINT EDITIONOctober 5, 2019

U.S.
U.S. Retains Measles-Elimination Status Despite Worst Outbreak in Quarter Century
The United States has kept its World Health Organization designation as a country that has eliminated measles even though it had 1,249 reported cases this year in the worst outbreak since 1992, federal health officials said on Friday.
By Reuters

U.S.
F.A.A. Allows U.P.S. to Deliver Medical Packages Using Drones
After a year of working with the Federal Aviation Administration, United Parcel Service was awarded a certification that allows it to use drones on medical campuses.
By Sandra E. Garcia

Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Think Tanks et al

Brookings
http://www.brookings.edu/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new relevant content]

Center for Global Development
http://www.cgdev.org/page/press-center
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
Publication
When Does “What Works” Work? And What Does that Mean for UK Aid R&D Spend?
10/4/19
The UK’s Secretary of State for International Development oversees an aid-financed R&D budget that is larger than that of the next 15 biggest donors combined. At the moment, a considerable proportion of that UK R&D spend goes towards solving global technological challenges related to neglected tropical diseases including malaria, and a considerable proportion again towards local evaluation of aid-financed development interventions. Much of the rest is somewhat opaquely distributed to British universities for research supposedly related to development.

September 30, 2019
Common Goods for Health: We Need Them. So How Do We Get Them?
With so many obstacles to providing these critical services, it is worth asking why countries produce Common Goods for Health at all? How do countries ever reach the point where they are willing to tax themselves to invest in services that are in the public interest? Services that are invisible when they work; and only become visible when the crises they are meant to prevent occur?
William Savedoff

CSIS
https://www.csis.org/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new relevant content]

Council on Foreign Relations
http://www.cfr.org/
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
October 2, 2019
Tanzania
International Health Officials and Tanzania Clash Over Potential Ebola Case
On September 8, a woman in her mid-thirties died in Tanzania of apparently Ebola-like symptoms. Tanzanian health officials conducted an autopsy, but ruled that Ebola was not the cause of death…According to the World Health Organization, Tanzania is refusing to share test samples related to the woman’s death and other information on what could be a case of Ebola. The American and British governments have issued travel advisories for Tanzania calling for the exercise of increased caution due to health issues. American Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar has also criticized the Tanzanian government for not sharing information.
Blog Post by John Campbell Africa in Transition

Kaiser Family Foundation
https://www.kff.org/search/?post_type=press-release
Accessed 5 Oct 2019
[No new relevant content]