New England Journal of Medicine
March 25, 2021 Vol. 384 No. 12
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Original Articles
Vaccine Efficacy of ALVAC-HIV and Bivalent Subtype C gp120–MF59 in Adults G.E. Gray and Others
A safe, effective vaccine is essential to eradicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A canarypox–protein HIV vaccine regimen (ALVAC-HIV plus AIDSVAX B/E) showed modest efficacy in reducing infection in Thailand. An analogous regimen using HIV-1 subtype C virus showed potent humoral and cellular responses in a phase 1–2a trial in South Africa. Efficacy data and additional safety data were needed for this regimen in a larger population in South Africa….The ALVAC–gp120 regimen did not prevent HIV-1 infection among participants in South Africa despite previous evidence of immunogenicity.