Polio this week as of 23 March 2022
:: Revised containment guidance (GAPIII) soon available for public consultation:On recommendation from the Containment Advisory Group (CAG), and through wide engagement of stakeholders, WHO’s Global Action Plan for Poliovirus Containment (GAPIII, 2015) has been revised. Following a period of critical review by the CAG, the document draft will be made available for public consultation 29 March – 1 May 2022. Revisions to the guidance have been made based on CAG recommendations, review of relevant biorisk management documents to determine alignment, scientific evidence and solicited stakeholder comments on various sections. WHO encourages feedback from containment stakeholders. Please check the GPEI website for information. For queries, please email: containment@who.int.
Summary of new WPV and cVDPV viruses this week (AFP cases and ES positives): – Côte d’Ivoire: one cVDPV2 positive environmental sample – Niger: two cVDPV2 cases – Nigeria: two cVDPV2 cases – Yemen: three cVDPV2 cases
Health emergencies list– WHO
“The health emergencies list details the disease outbreaks, disasters and humanitarian crises where WHO plays an essential role in supporting countries to respond to and recover from emergencies with public health consequences.” Afghanistan crisis[Last apparent update: 14 March 2022]
UN OCHA – Current Emergencies Current Corporate Emergencies Afghanistan No new updates identified.
Northern Ethiopia Ethiopia – Northern Ethiopia Humanitarian Update Situation Report, 25 March 2022 HIGHLIGHTS
The food distribution in Tigray has reached an all-time low since March 2021 as food stocks are almost depleted with only about 68,000 people assisted between 10 – 16 March.
To date, 221.8 MT of medical supplies have been airlifted to Tigray which represents only four per cent of the total medications required to meet health needs in Tigray.
Nearly 12,000 children in 22 schools in Wag Hemra Zone in Amhara benefited from feeding program and more than more than 9,300 students received exercise books during the week.
More than 10,000 people assisted with food in Zone 2 in Afar during the week, reaching 126,000 or 20 percent of the targeted population since last week of February in the region.
No amount of operational cash cleared to be transferred to Tigray since 10 March.
Ukraine Ukraine: Humanitarian Impact Situation Report (As of 12:00 p.m. (EET) on 25 March 2022)
:: [Excerpt] …Health situation and risks.
…COVID-19 vaccination and routine immunization campaigns have almost come to a halt across the country. Before 24 February, at least 50,000 people on average were being vaccinated against COVID-19 each day. Between 24 February and 15 March, however, only 175,000 people were vaccinated against the virus – around 40,790 fewer people on average being vaccinated daily. Between 23 February and 23 March, WHO reports that the seven-day average number of antigenrapid and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) COVID-19 tests fell by a staggering 88 and 96 per percent, respectively, suggesting considerable underreporting of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Over the same period, the number of beds available for COVID-19 patients decreased significantly as many were repurposed, with the largest decreases witnessed in Luhanska (east, 80 per cent), Volynska (north-west, 69 per cent) and Chernihivska (north, 56 per cent) oblasts…
WHO & Regional Offices [to 26 Mar 2022] https://www.who.int/news News [Selected] 25 March 2022 News release WHO establishes the Global Centre for Traditional Medicine in India
24 March 2022 Departmental news First case of HIV cure in a woman after stem cell transplantation reported at CROI-2022
21 March 2022 Departmental news WHO releases clinical management guidelines for influenza
21 March 2022 Departmental news Expanding the network: Togo gains National Influenza Centre
21 March 2022 Departmental news “First time” achievements in pandemic influenza preparedness in two regions with high humanitarian and public health vulnerabilities, 2014-2021
21 March 2022 Departmental news Insights to inform influenza health worker vaccination programmes
21 March 2022 News release On World TB day WHO calls for increased investments into TB services and research
21 March 2022 Departmental news Several Covid-19 vaccine specific recommendations updated [See COVID above for detail]
21 March 2022 Departmental news One Health is critical to addressing zoonotic public health threats and environmental issues
23 March 2022 Speech WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the Quarterly Briefing for Member States on Preventing and Responding to Sexual Exploitation, Abuse and Harassment – 23 March 2022
23 March 2022 Speech WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the WHO press conference – 23 March 2022
21 March 2022 Speech WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the Guinea Worm Ministerial Summit – 21 March 2022
WHO Region of the Americas PAHO
:: 23 Mar 2022 On World Tuberculosis Day, PAHO calls for increased investments in TB services
TB deaths in the Americas increased by an estimated 3,000 in 2020 compared to 2019 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Around 18,300 children live with the disease in the region, with limited access to diagnosis and treatment Washington, D.C., March 23, 2022 (WHO)- On World Tuberculosis Day, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) calls for urgent…
New WHO Publications https://www.who.int/publications/i Selected Titles
25 March 2022 Report of the 7th virtual end TB strategy summit for the highest TB burden countries and countries on the WHO global watchlist, 16–17 November 2021 Overview
The 7th End TB summit of the highest TB burden countries and countries on the WHO Global TB Watchlist took place virtually from 16 to 17 November 2021 (3.5 hours per day). The overall objective of this summit was to facilitate discussions and an exchange of strategic information between National TB Programmes (NTPs), representatives of the WHO Civil Society Task Force, and partners on new ways of working to mitigate and reverse the COVID-19 impact on
TB and reinvigorate the global response to TB. Specific meeting objectives were as follows:
1. to reflect on key challenges and opportunities posted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic for NTPs, affected people and vulnerable populations;
2. to consider opportunities for strengthening quality TB case finding and prevention given innovations during the COVID-19 pandemic;
3. to share updates on the latest global situation for TB and exchange strategic information.
This report summarizes the sessions of the summit and provides links to background slides shared by speakers from the country, regional and global level. All slides are featured in the WHO End TB Forum.
Africa CDC [to 26 Mar 2022] http://www.africacdc.org/ News Outbreak Brief 114: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Date of Issue: 14 March 2022
… As of 6 p.m. East African Time (EAT) 21 March 2022, a total of 11,301,084 COVID-19 cases and 250,646 deaths (CFR: 2.2%) have been reported by the 55 African Union (AU) Member States (MS). This represents 2.4% of all cases and 4.1% of all deaths reported globally. Thirty-five (64%) AU MS are reporting CFRs higher than the global CFR. Since the detection of COVID-19 on the African continent in February 2020, 53 (96%) AU MS have experienced three COVID-19 waves, 47 (72%) countries have experienced four waves and nine countries have experienced five waves. One country (Mauritius) is currently experiencing a sixth wave… Despite a test positivity rate of 11.1%, the daily reported number of new cases across the continent is on a downward trend. In the past week, more than 572 thousand new tests were conducted, which is a 32% decrease in the number of tests conducted in week 11 compared to the previous week…
The Chinese mainland on Thursday reported 1,301 locally transmitted COVID-19 cases, down from 2,010 on Wednesday, the National Health Commission said Friday.
National Medical Products Administration– PRC [to 26 Mar 2022]
The Chinese mainland on Thursday reported 1,301 locally transmitted COVID-19 cases, down from 2,010 on Wednesday, the National Health Commission said Friday.
Careful readers will note that the number and range of organizations now monitored in our Announcements section below has grown as the impacts of the pandemic have spread across global economies, supply chains and programmatic activity of multilateral agencies and INGOs.
The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit biotech organization. Our mission is to develop products to fight malaria, tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases—three major causes of mortality, poverty, and inequality in developing countries. The world has unprecedented scientific tools at its disposal; now is the time to use them to save the lives of the world’s poorest people
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
On this year’s World TB Day, EDCTP joins the global health community in a call to urgently raise investments to achieve the commitments to end TB made by global leaders. Although funding towards TB research and development did not decrease as significantly as expected during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is still below half of the $2 billion annual financing target committed to by governments at the United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on TB in 2018. In recognition of this chronic underfunding, EDCTP has made substantial investments in TB research and, together with our partners, recently launched the Global TB vaccine R&D roadmap and published several tools to accelerate TB vaccines R&D.
On March 18, 2022, the stakeholders of the APRECIT project met in Madagascar and remotely for the project’s second steering committee for the improvement of the management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTI)…
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria commends the announcement by Minister Svenja Schulze on the occasion of World Tuberculosis Day to make available an additional EUR175 million to the Global Fund’s COVID-19 Response Mechanism, p…
Researchers and funders around the world rely on the COVID-19 Research Project Tracker and associated Living Mapping Review (LMR) to funnel resources where needs are greatest by tracking the latest COVID-19 research trends and gaps. For the first time, the LMR features an analysis of research projects on our Tracker mapped against the pillars and priorities outlined in the UN Research Roadmap for the COVID-19 Recovery…
The second webinar in the ZonMw series ‘Response to COVID-19 vaccine in patients with a hematological condition and primary immunodeficiencies’… Monday April 4, 2022, from 5pm to 6pm CET.
Thank you to the Ambassador of Mexico for organising this meeting and thank you for the opportunity to join all of you today.Just yesterday the Security Council met to discuss Syria which has now entered its 11th year of conflict.
Peter Maurer, the president of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), has completed a two-day visit to Moscow where he continued ongoing humanitarian discussions with the Russian authorities.
Vice-President of the ICRC Gilles Carbonnier addresses the issues of water access and the impact of conflicts and climate change at the ninth World Water Forum in Dakar.
21-03-2022 | News release
International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities [ICMRA]
ISC is a non-governmental organization with a unique global membership that brings together 40 international scientific Unions and Associations and over 140 national and regional scientific organizations including Academies and Research Councils.
So-called ‘predatory’ activities in academic publishing and conferences are on the increase worldwide and ‘risk becoming engrained in research culture’, according to a new InterAcademy Partnership report, which draws on a global survey of researchers.
Vaccination mandates and requirements can be effective in increasing COVID-19 vaccination rates but their success depends on being targeted and on building trust says a new rapid expert consultation which also outlines considerations for using incentives to promote booster uptake.
National Vaccine Program Office – U.S. HHS [to 26 Mar 2022]
Vaccines Federal Implementation Plan 2021-2025 On Wednesday March 2, 2022, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published a Request for Information (RFI) to solicit stakeholder written public comments on the draft Vaccines Federal Implementation Plan 2021-2025- PDF*. HHS values input from all stakeholders and will take all public comments into consideration before finalizing this document. We encourage your input or comments and ask that you circulate this information to others who may also wish to provide comments. Information about how to provide written public comment is found on HHS.gov and the deadline for submissions is 5 p.m. EST Tuesday March 29, 2022. The Vaccines Federal Implementation Plan is a companion document to the Vaccines National Strategic Plan 2021-2025 published in January 2021. This plan outlines the federal government’s broad national vaccination goals and offers a framework to eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases through safe and effective vaccination over the lifespan, for both federal agencies and external partners. The implementation plan focuses on the specific actions that federal agencies can take to further those same national vaccination goals.
Even in wealthy economies, access to medicines is increasingly affected by medicine shortages – an issue exacerbated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this paper was to examine the extent and nature of medicine shortages in OECD countries (pre-COVID-19) and explore the reasons for this growing global problem. Although differences in monitoring mechanisms make multi-country analyses challenging, a sample of 14 OECD countries reported a 60% increase in the number of shortage notifications over the period 2017-2019. While the complexity of pharmaceutical manufacturing and supply chains hampers root cause analyses, available literature suggests that shortages, as reported by marketing authorisation holders, are predominantly due to manufacturing and quality issues. Nevertheless, commercial factors – and the policy settings that influence them – may play an important role. Although several OECD countries have implemented policy measures to mitigate, monitor and prevent shortages, more robust data and further analyses of root causes and effective policy responses are needed. The way forward should involve a global approach that engages all relevant actors and looks beyond the health care sector alone.
The Vietnam Ministry of Health, the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, and PATH came together for the dissemination workshop of a project to internationalize Vietnam’s COVID-19 vaccine data and certificates.
Hanoi, Vietnam, March 22, 2022—The Vietnam Ministry of Health (MOH), the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), PATH, and implementing partners hosted the dissemination workshop for a six-month collaboration to support the development of Vietnam’s COVID-19 digital vaccination certification. The workshop was attended by the Deputy Minister of the Vietnam MOH, Tran Van Thuan; the British Ambassador to Vietnam, Gareth Ward; and representatives of implementing partners.
The project is funded by the Vaccine Data Co-Lab, a component of the Frontier Technology program and an FCDO-led collaboration supporting actionable solutions that improve data-driven prioritization, allocation, and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. In May 2021, the UK-funded program launched an open call for technical proposals to identify organizations working directly with local and national governments in low- and middle-income countries to ensure sustained capacity for vaccine deployment. PATH was the first organization to receive a grant from the Vaccine Data Co-Lab…
Geneva – In advance of World TB Day, 24 March, Unitaid reaffirms its commitment to bring innovative approaches to the fight against TB.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating effect on health programmes worldwide, but tuberculosis (TB) efforts have been disproportionately affected. Disruptions and delays to crucial services caused deaths from TB to increase for the first time in over a decade.
“In a rapidly changing world, the need to confront new challenges with updated tools and strategies is more salient than ever,” said Dr Philippe Duneton, Executive Director of Unitaid. “The tuberculosis bacteria was identified 140 years ago. Yet it continues to cause 1.5 million deaths each year, and millions of people around the world still lack access to the best tools, treatments, and prevention.
“The COVID-19 pandemic puts this in a particularly stark light. Since it began just over two years ago, we have developed and deployed rapid at-home tests, several powerful vaccines, multiple treatments that avert severe disease and mobilized billions in financing. And though there remains much to do, we are hopeful that we’re starting to turn a corner…
Vaccine Equity Cooperative [nee Initiative] [to 26 Mar 2022]
More than 120,000 Jordanian households to benefit from additional financing Washington DC, March 22, 2022 – The World Bank has approved US$350 million in additional financing for Jordan’s COVID-19…
Strengthened partnership aims to accelerate coordinated strategy on human, animal and ecosystem health
Rome/Paris/Geneva/Nairobi – Work to tackle the challenges of human, animal and ecosystem health using a more integrated approach has seen significant progress in the past year, leaders of three international organizations cooperating across these sectors said, as they expanded their group to include a fourth body, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP).
At its annual executive meeting this week, the Tripartite partnership for One Health, bringing together the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE),formally became the Quadripartite as it signed a Memorandum of Understanding with UNEP.
The One Health approach aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, ecosystems and the wider environment. It mobilizes multiple sectors, disciplines and communities to work together to foster well-being and tackle threats to health and ecosystems. And it addresses the collective need for clean water, energy and air, safe and nutritious food, action on climate change, and contributing to sustainable development…
::::::
ARM [Alliance for Regenerative Medicine] [to 26 Mar 2022]
21 March 2022 – The global research-based pharmaceutical industry stands in solidarity with the people of Ukraine and condemns the invasion of their country and the suffering it continues to cause. Overcoming the challenges that this unprecedented humanitarian crisis poses for patients is our main concern.
We are united in our mission of providing treatments and vaccines to all those affected by the war, wherever they are. Safe passage of medical products remains a top priority.
The industry is working in a variety of ways to support those affected by the unfolding humanitarian crisis. This includes providing free essential medicines and giving financial support to NGOs on the ground. We are monitoring for supply chain disruptions and building supply capacity where it’s needed as well as working with the wider health community to address issues as they arise.
To learn more about individual company efforts, please visit the website set up by the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations’ (EFPIA), found here.
International Generic and Biosimilar Medicines Association [IGBA]
Journal Watch Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focu-s on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.
If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org
Tactical Health and Law Enforcement
Tactical health involves providing field-based clinical support to law enforcement operations during frontline crisis interventions and prehospital emergency care. Health professional skill can inform individual officers’ occupational health maintenance and help agents of the state navigate primary and secondary trauma and posttrauma experiences in field- and clinic-based settings. Tactical health expertise can also inform department- and agency-level policies, decisions, and responses to community health and safety threats. Ethical questions considered in this issue focus on the nature and scope of health professionals’ collaborations with law enforcement personnel during and following critical event preparation and responses.
Disease transmission and mass gatherings: a case study on meningococcal infection during Hajj Mass gatherings can not only trigger major outbreaks on-site but also facilitate global spread of infectious pathogens. Hajj is one of the largest mass gathering events worldwide where over two million pilgrim…
Authors: Laurent Coudeville, Amine Amiche, Ashrafur Rahman, Julien Arino, Biao Tang, Ombeline Jollivet, Alp Dogu, Edward Thommes and Jianhong Wu
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2022 22:275
Content type: Research article Published on: 22 March 2022
Ethical and regulatory implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for the medical devices industry and its representatives
The development and deployment of medical devices, along with most areas of healthcare, has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This has had variable ethical implications, two of which we wil…
Authors: Brette Blakely, Wendy Rogers, Jane Johnson, Quinn Grundy, Katrina Hutchison, Robyn Clay-Williams, Bernadette Richards and Guy Maddern
Citation: BMC Medical Ethics 2022 23:31
Content type: Debate Published on: 23 March 2022
Indicators and criteria of consciousness: ethical implications for the care of behaviourally unresponsive patients
Assessing consciousness in other subjects, particularly in non-verbal and behaviourally disabled subjects (e.g., patients with disorders of consciousness), is notoriously challenging but increasingly urgent. T…
Authors: Michele Farisco, Cyriel Pennartz, Jitka Annen, Benedetta Cecconi and Kathinka Evers
Citation: BMC Medical Ethics 2022 23:30
Content type: Debate Published on: 21 March 2022
Cross-country evidence on the role of national governance in boosting COVID-19 vaccination Frequent mutations of the COVID-19 virus, such as the Delta and Omicron variants, have prolonged the pandemic. Rich countries have approved the booster shots (3rd doses) of vaccine, but this causes further delay …
Authors: Takeshi Aida and Masahiro Shoji
Citation: BMC Public Health 2022 22:576
Content type: Research Published on: 23 March 2022
Willingness and uptake of the COVID-19 testing and vaccination in urban China during the low-risk period: a cross-sectional study Regular testing and vaccination are effective measures to mitigate the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence on the willingness and uptake of the COVID-19 testing is scarce, and the willingness and uptake of vac…
Authors: Suhang Song, Shujie Zang, Liubing Gong, Cuilin Xu, Leesa Lin, Mark R. Francis and Zhiyuan Hou
Citation: BMC Public Health 2022 22:556
Content type: Research Published on: 21 March 2022
Tools for assessing the scalability of innovations in health: a systematic review The last decade has seen growing interest in scaling up of innovations to strengthen healthcare systems. However, the lack of appropriate methods for determining their potential for scale-up is an unfortunate …
Authors: Ali Ben Charif, Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun, Amédé Gogovor, Mamane Abdoulaye Samri, José Massougbodji, Luke Wolfenden, Jenny Ploeg, Merrick Zwarenstein, Andrew J. Milat, Nathalie Rheault, Youssoufa M. Ousseine, Jennifer Salerno, Maureen Markle-Reid and France Légaré
Citation: Health Research Policy and Systems 2022 20:34
Content type: Review Published on: 24 March 2022
Using qualitative research to develop an elaboration of the TIDieR checklist for interventions to enhance vaccination communication: short report The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased interest in communication with the public regarding vaccination. Our recent Cochrane qualitative evidence synthesis points to several factors that could influence …
Authors: Claire Glenton, Benedicte Carlsen, Brita Askeland Winje, Renske Eilers, Manuela Dominique Wennekes, Tammy C. Hoffmann and Simon Lewin
Citation: Health Research Policy and Systems 2022 20:31
Content type: Research Published on: 19 March 2022
Correspondence | 22 March 2022 Vaccinating women against COVID in world’s largest refugee camp
Ali Alam
Last year’s vaccination campaign in the refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, which houses some 900,000 Rohingya refugees who fled genocide in Myanmar in 2017, led to more than half of the eligible population being fully vaccinated in 4 months (see go.nature.com/3q7ukca). Vaccine uptake was notably successful among women.
Among marginalized people, the vaccination rate for women is usually lower than for their male counterparts (see, for example, go.nature.com/3i6wask). This is down to gender-specific misinformation and gender gaps in accessing information and vaccination centres, for example. Nevertheless, more than 80% of women in the target group for COVID-19 vaccines were vaccinated in the first month of the Cox’s Bazar programme (see go.nature.com/3kfopy2).
Engagement with community leaders over gender-based barriers to vaccination led to education programmes designed to combat false rumours. This in turn led to the recruitment of female vaccinators, and to vaccine misinformation being discussed at women-only radio listeners’ clubs and religious group-study sessions.
As a health-care researcher who has worked with Rohingya refugees, I think this reflects the importance of including women themselves in such campaigns.
Review Article | 28 January 2022 Human genetic and immunological determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia
The COVID Human Genetic Effort examines the molecular, cellular and immunological determinants of the various SARS-CoV-2-related disease manifestations by searching for causal errors of immunity.
Qian Zhang, Paul Bastard, Jean-Laurent Casanova
World View | 07 February 2022 Understanding the nature of science through COVID-19 reports
Teaching students the nature of science can be difficult, but the COVID-19 pandemic offers a range of teachable examples in a form of ‘living textbook’, explains Wei-Zhao Shi.
Wei-Zhao Shi
Perspective | 10 March 2022 An epidemic of uncertainty: rumors, conspiracy theories and vaccine hesitancy
In this Perspective, the authors discuss the new digital communications landscape in relation to vaccines and argue that trust is key to overcoming vaccine hesitancy.
Ed Pertwee, Clarissa Simas, Heidi J. Larson
Article | 13 January 2022 | Open Access SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant women in Scotland
Findings from the COVID-19 in Pregnancy in Scotland (COPS) study reveals low levels of vaccination uptake by pregnant women compared to women in the general population and that not being vaccinated is associated with increased risk of severe complications of COVID-19 in pregnancy, including perinatal mortality.
Sarah J. Stock, Jade Carruthers, Rachael Wood
Editorial Addressing Vaccine Inequity — Covid-19 Vaccines as a Global Public Good
List of authors.
David J. Hunter, F.Med.Sci., Salim S. Abdool Karim, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D., Lindsey R. Baden, M.D., Jeremy J. Farrar, M.D., Ph.D., Mary Beth Hamel, M.D., M.P.H., Dan L. Longo, M.D., Stephen Morrissey, Ph.D., and Eric J. Rubin, M.D., Ph.D. [See Featured Journal Content above for full text]
PNAS – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
March 8, 2022 | vol. 119 | no. 10 https://www.pnas.org/toc/pnas/119/10
Perspective February 24, 2022 Open Access Inequality in science and the case for a new agenda
The history of the scientific enterprise demonstrates that it has supported gender, identity, and racial inequity. Further, its institutions have allowed discrimination, harassment, and personal harm of racialized persons and women. This has resulted in a … Joseph L. Graves, Maureen Kearney, […]Shirley Malcom
Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy among Thai pregnant women and their spouses: a prospective survey Vaccination is one of the most reliable interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although pregnant women’s attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination are well studied, husbands’ views toward COVID…
Authors: Kotchakorn Pairat and Chadakarn Phaloprakarn
Citation: Reproductive Health 2022 19:74
Content type: Research Published on: 24 March 2022
vaccines and global health :: ethics and policy 