Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

The long shadow of a CRISPR scandal
By Jon Cohen

Science02 Aug 2019 : 436 Full Access
He Jiankui’s controversial gene-editing experiment brought intense scrutiny to CRISPR scientists in China, and they’re outraged.

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

Reports
A proof of concept for structure-based vaccine design targeting RSV in humans
By Michelle C. Crank, Tracy J. Ruckwardt, Man Chen, Kaitlyn M. Morabito, Emily Phung, Pamela J. Costner, LaSonji A. Holman, Somia P. Hickman, Nina M. Berkowitz, Ingelise J. Gordon, Galina V. Yamshchikov, Martin R. Gaudinski, Azad Kumar, Lauren A. Chang, Syed M. Moin, Juliane P. Hill, Anthony T. DiPiazza, Richard M. Schwartz, Lisa Kueltzo, Jonathan W. Cooper, Peifeng Chen, Judith A. Stein, Kevin Carlton, Jason G. Gall, Martha C. Nason, Peter D. Kwong, Grace L. Chen, John R. Mascola, Jason S. McLellan, Julie E. Ledgerwood, Barney S. Graham, the VRC 317 Study Team
Science02 Aug 2019 : 505-509 Restricted Access
Human immunogenicity data confirms that a designed respiratory syncytial virus antigen elicits effective neutralizing antibodies.

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

The long shadow of a CRISPR scandal
By Jon Cohen

Social Science & Medicine
Volume 233 Pages 1-284 (July 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/social-science-and-medicine/vol/233/suppl/C

Review article Abstract only
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the health sciences: Best practice methods for research syntheses
Blair T. Johnson, Emily A. Hennessy
Pages 237-251
Highlights
:: Rigorous systematic reviews are best able to reach trustworthy claims.
:: Registering systematic review methods in advance helps to reduce bias.
:: PRISMA standards help to improve systematic review reporting.
:: Yet, following PRISMA does not guarantee a rigorous systematic review.
:: Other methodological standards for conducting systematic reviews should also be followed.

Social Science & Medicine
Volume 233 Pages 1-284 (July 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/social-science-and-medicine/vol/233/suppl/C

Short communication Abstract only
Predicting intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccination using Protection Motivation Theory
Mathew Ling, Emily J. Kothe, Barbara A. Mullan
Pages 87-92

Systematic Reviews
https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

Research
Communication around HPV vaccination for adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping overview of systematic reviews
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes cervical cancer. More than 80% of those diagnosed with cervical cancer live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The World Health Organization recommends vac…
Authors: Hakan Safaralilo Foss, Ann Oldervoll, Atle Fretheim, Claire Glenton and Simon Lewin
Citation: Systematic Reviews 2019 8:190
Published on: 1 August 2019

Tropical Medicine & International Health
Volume 24, Issue 8 Pages: i-iv, 933-1030 August 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13653156/current

Open Access
Clinical trials in low‐resource settings: the perspectives of caregivers of paediatric participants from Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya
Machteld van den Berg, Bernhards Ogutu, Nelson K. Sewankambo, Sonja Merten, Nikola Biller‐Andorno, Marcel Tanner
Pages: 1023-1030
First Published: 19 June 2019
Abstract
Objectives
Vaccine clinical trials in low‐resource settings have unique challenges due to structural and financial inequities. Specifically, protecting participant and caregiver autonomy to participate in the research study can be a major challenge, so understanding the setting and contextual factors which influence the decision process is necessary. This study investigates the experience of caregivers consenting on behalf of paediatric participants in a malaria vaccine clinical trial where participation enables access to free, high‐quality medical care.
Methods
We interviewed a total of 78 caregivers of paediatric participants previously enrolled in a phase II or III malaria vaccine clinical trial in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. Interviews were qualitative and analysed using a thematic framework analysis focusing on the embodied caregiver in the political, economic and social reality.
Results
Caregivers of participants in this study made the decision to enrol their child based on economic, social and political factors that extended beyond the trial into the community and the home. The provision of health care was the dominant reason for participation. Respondents reported how social networks, rumours, hierarchal structures, financial constraints and family dynamics affected their experience with research.
Conclusions
The provision of medical care was a powerful motivator for participation. Caregiver choice was limited by structural constraints and scarce financial resources. The decision to participate in research extended beyond individual consent and was embedded in community and domestic hierarchies. Future research should assess other contexts to determine how the choice to participate in research is affected when free medical care is offered.

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Conference info Open access
Meeting report: Convening on the influenza human viral challenge model for universal influenza vaccines, Part 1: Value; challenge virus selection; regulatory, industry and ethical considerations; increasing standardization, access and capacity
Bruce L. Innis, Francesco Berlanda Scorza, Jeremy S. Blum, Varsha K. Jain, … Joseph Bresee
Pages 4823-4829

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Discussion No access
Political will and vaccine legislation
Seth Berkley
Pages 4838-4839

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Discussion Abstract only
Strengthening legal frameworks for vaccination: The experiences of Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova
Silas P. Trumbo, Dana Silver, Oxana Domenti, Hamlet Gasoyan, … Jennifer L. Gordon
Pages 4840-4847

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Short communication Abstract only
Temporal trends in anti-vaccine discourse on Twitter
Keith Gunaratne, Eric A. Coomes, Hourmazd Haghbayan
Pages 4867-4871

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Review article Abstract only
Models to predict the public health impact of vaccine resistance: A systematic review
Molly C. Reid, Kathryn Peebles, Sarah E. Stansfield, Steven M. Goodreau, … Joshua T. Herbeck
Pages 4886-4895

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Review article Abstract only
Acceptance and uptake of influenza vaccines in Asia: A systematic review
Anita Sheldenkar, Fann Lim, Chee Fu Yung, May O. Lwin
Pages 4896-4905
Vaccinations in prison settings: A systematic review to assess the situation in EU/EEA countries and in other high income countries

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Review article Abstract only
Vaccinations in prison settings: A systematic review to assess the situation in EU/EEA countries and in other high income countries
Giordano Madeddu, Hilde Vroling, Anouk Oordt-Speets, Sergio Babudieri, … Lara Tavoschi
Pages 4906-4919

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Research article Abstract only
The Global Vaccine Action Plan – insights into its utility, application, and ways to strengthen future plans
Michael A. Daugherty, Alan R. Hinman, Stephen L. Cochi, Julie R. Garon, … Walter A. Orenstein
Pages 4928-4936
Abstract
Background
The pace of global progress must increase if the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) goals are to be achieved by 2020. We administered a two-phase survey to key immunization stakeholders to assess the utility and application of GVAP, including how it has impacted country immunization programs, and to find ways to strengthen the next 10-year plan.
Methods
For the Phase I survey, an online questionnaire was sent to global immunization stakeholders in summer 2017. The Phase II survey was sent to regional and national immunization stakeholders in summer 2018, including WHO Regional Advisors on Immunization, Expanded Programme on Immunization managers, and WHO and UNICEF country representatives from 20 countries. Countries were selected based on improvements (10) versus decreases (10) in DTP3 coverage from 2010 to 2016.
Results
Global immunization stakeholders (n = 38) cite global progress in improving vaccine delivery (88%) and engaging civil society organizations as advocates for vaccines (83%). Among regional and national immunization stakeholders (n = 58), 70% indicated reaching mobile and underserved populations with vaccination activities as a major challenge. The top ranked activities for helping country programs achieve progress toward GVAP goals include improved monitoring of vaccination coverage and upgrading disease surveillance systems. Most respondents (96%) indicated GVAP as useful for determining immunization priorities and 95% were supportive of a post-2020 GVAP strategy.
Conclusions
Immunization stakeholders see GVAP as a useful tool, and there is cause for excitement as the global immunization community looks toward the next decade of vaccines. The next 10-year plan should attempt to increase political will, align immunization activities with other health system agendas, and address important issues like reaching mobile/migrant populations and improving data reporting systems.

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Research article Abstract only
Impact of vaccine stockouts on immunization coverage in Nigeria
Emily Gooding, Eirini Spiliotopoulou, Prashant Yadav
Pages 5104-5110

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 35  Pages 4823-5136 (14 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/35

Research article Abstract only
Perceptions of politicization and HPV vaccine policy support
Loren Saulsberry, Erika Franklin Fowler, Rebekah H. Nagler, Sarah E. Gollust
Pages 5121-5128

Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 34  Pages 4767-4822 (7 August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/34

The 2018 Vaccines Against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VASE) Conference

From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary

Journal of Religion and Health
First Online: 27 July 2019
Original Paper
Examining the Influence of Religious and Spiritual Beliefs on HPV Vaccine Uptake Among College Women
AL Best, EL Thompson, AM Adamu, R Logan, J Delva…
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is an effective mechanism to prevent HPV-associated cancers; however, uptake is low among women aged 18–26. Religiosity/spirituality is associated with sexual health decision-making. This study examined the role of religious/spiritual beliefs on HPV vaccination among college women (N=307) using logistic regression and mediation analyses. Findings indicate that sexual activity is the main factor associated with HPV vaccination; and sexual activity fully mediates the relationship between religious/spiritual beliefs and HPV vaccination. Health promotion efforts should highlight the importance of HPV vaccination regardless of current sexual activity and may benefit from partnerships with religious/spiritual organizations.

Media/Policy Watch
This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.
We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.

The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
Family
Are Anti-vaxxers Conscientious Objectors?
When it comes to public health, there’s a duty to make moral decisions communally.
Eula Biss, Mavis Biss
Jul 29, 201

BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
Aug 3rd 2019 | BUTEMBO
Congo’s challenge – How do you reform a country where gunmen torch Ebola clinics?
Fighting an epidemic in a war zone is hard. But not impossible

Financial Times
http://www.ft.com/home/uk
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
Ebola
Why Ebola cannot be tamed in Congo
August 1, 2019

Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
Aug 2, 2019
How Hepatitis A Is Now An Emergency In Philadelphia
Florida has declared an emergency as well. These are the states that have active Hepatitis A outbreaks.
By Bruce Y. Lee Contributor

Jul 31, 2019
National Immunization Awareness Month Faces Uphill Battle In Wealthy Areas Of U.S.
August is National Immunization Awareness Month. An annual observance held to highlight the importance of vaccinations for people of all ages. However, this year it feels like an oxymoron, as high-income areas of the U.S. have vaccination rates on par with low-income countries around the world.
By Nicole Fishe rContributor

Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

The Guardian
http://www.guardiannews.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
Africa
Uganda Begins Largest Trial of Experimental Ebola Vaccine
Researchers in Uganda have launched the largest-ever trial of the experimental Ebola vaccine that is expected to be deployed in neighboring Congo, where a deadly outbreak has killed over 1,800 people.
By The Associated Press, Aug. 2

Africa
Congo Races to Contain Ebola After Gold Miner Contaminates Several in Goma
Congolese authorities were racing to contain an Ebola epidemic on Thursday, after a gold miner with a large family contaminated several people in the east’s main city of Goma before dying of the hemorrhagic fever, officials said.
By Reuters, Aug. 2

Africa
Congo Official Says 2nd Ebola Victim in Goma Has Died
A man became the second confirmed Ebola case in the Congolese city of two million, and an official said there appeared to be no link between the case and a previous one announced earlier this month.
By The Associated Press, July 30

U.S.
U.S. Records 16 New Measles Cases as Outbreak Shows Signs of Slowing
The United States recorded 16 new measles cases between July 18 and July 25, federal health officials said on Monday, as the spread of the disease, which has infected 1,164 people this year in the worst U.S. outbreak since 1992, shows signs of slowing.
By Reuters, July 29

Washington Post
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Think Tanks et al

Brookings
http://www.brookings.edu/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new relevant content]

Center for Global Development
http://www.cgdev.org/page/press-center
August 2, 2019
Committing and Allocating Ebola Financing: What’s Next for the DRC?
As the World Health Organization declares the current Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, new funding has been mobilized. Our experts provide four recommendations on how to spend this money well.
Carleigh Krubiner and Liesl Schnabel

CSIS
https://www.csis.org/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new relevant content]

Council on Foreign Relations
http://www.cfr.org/
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
[No new relevant content]

Kaiser Family Foundation
https://www.kff.org/search/?post_type=press-release
Accessed 3 Aug 2019
July 29, 2019 News Release
As the Ebola outbreak in the DRC continues, new KFF explainer examines the status of the response and the limited U.S. role to date
The ongoing Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), recently declared a “public health emergency of international concern” by the WHO Director-General, is now second only to the West Africa outbreak of 2014-2015 in terms of number of cases and deaths. A new KFF explainer reviews the history…

Milestones :: Perspectives :: Research

100 millionth person receives lifesaving meningitis vaccine
Affordable, safe, effective vaccine protecting young people from devastating disease
3 December 2019 [date as published]
News releases GENEVA
A revolutionary meningitis vaccine will reach the 100 millionth person this week in a region of Africa that has been plagued by deadly epidemics for more than a century. The milestone will take place in northern Nigeria, part of Africa’s ‘meningitis belt’, where the country is conducting its second seasonal immunization campaign against the disease.

The historic achievement comes two years after the MenAfriVac® vaccine was first launched in Burkina Faso. Since then, nine other countries have held vaccination campaigns to protect people from ages 1 to 29 against meningitis A.

Nigeria will vaccinate 16 million people over the next two weeks and Cameroon and Chad are also conducting immunization campaigns this week targeting 5.5 million and 2.3 million people respectively. By the end of this year, the vaccine will have reached more than 112 million people, providing widespread and long-awaited protection…

Milestones :: Perspectives :: Research

USAID Announces $300 Million Commitment in the Fight Against Tuberculosis
July 24, 2019
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is pleased to announce a five-year, $300 million award, the TB Implementation Framework Agreement (TIFA), to improve the prevention, detection, and treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The lead partner in the cooperative agreement for the TIFA effort is John Snow, Inc., Research and Training Institute.

A key component of the TB Accelerator initiative USAID Administrator Mark Green announced at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) High-Level Meeting (HLM) on TB in September of 2018, the TIFA will work to increase local ownership, financing, and accountability by creating partnerships with host-government entities in 24 USAID TB priority countries to empower them to implement locally generated, context-specific solutions.

The TIFA will contribute to the Journey to Self-Reliance by strengthening the ability of governments and civil society to reach the TB targets set by the UNGA HLM on TB. Financial support to government entities will depend on quantifiable milestones and targets designed to incentivize and strengthen the accountability of national TB programs, while simultaneously increasing domestic investment in the fight to eliminate the disease.

To accelerate the pathway toward the day when foreign assistance for TB is no longer necessary, the TIFA has three primary objectives:
:: Making catalytic financial and technical investments in national TB programs and local government entities to implement effective National TB Strategic Plans, including by embedding TB experts in these institutions;
:: Empowering local government entities to become more self-reliant; and
:: Leveraging and advocating for additional domestic resources for TB from both the public and private sectors.

Milestones :: Perspectives :: Research

Statement on governance and oversight of human genome editing
26 July 2019 Geneva
WHO Statement
The WHO expert advisory committee on governance and oversight of human genome editing convened on 18-19 March 2019.  At this meeting the Committee in an interim recommendation to the WHO Director-general stated that “it would be irresponsible at this time for anyone to proceed with clinical applications of human germline genome editing.”

WHO supports this interim recommendation and advises regulatory or ethics authorities to refrain from issuing approvals concerning requests for clinical applications for work that involves human germline genome editing.

“Human germline genome editing poses unique and unprecedented ethical and technical challenges,” said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “I have accepted the interim recommendations of WHO’s Expert Advisory Committee that regulatory authorities in all countries should not allow any further work in this area until its implications have been properly considered.”

WHO’s Expert Advisory Committee continues its consideration of this matter, and will, at its forthcoming meeting in Geneva on 26-28 August 2019. evaluate, inter alia, effective governance instruments to deter and prevent irresponsible and unacceptable uses of genome edited embryos to initiate human pregnancies.

Continue reading →

Milestones :: Perspectives :: Research

Changes to NIH Requirements Regarding Proposed Human Fetal Tissue Research
Notice Number: NOT-OD-19-128
Release Date: July 26, 2019
Issued by NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH)
Purpose
The purpose of this notice is to inform the extramural research community of upcoming HHS requirements and review considerations regarding research that is supported by the NIH and involves the proposed use of human fetal tissue obtained from elective abortions (HFT) in extramural applications for grants, cooperative agreements and R&D contracts. These requirements are in addition to the existing requirements as detailed in the NIH Grants Policy Statement (4.1.14). In addition, NIH reminds the community of expectations to obtain informed consent from the donor for any NIH-funded research using HFT (NOT-OD-16-033).
Background
Currently, when an application/proposal for research involving HFT is submitted to NIH, the Authorized Organizational Representative’s (AOR) signature certifies that researchers using these tissues are in compliance with sections 498A and 498B of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act and the NIH Grants Policy Statement.

NIH is implementing requirements regarding the documentation of the use of HFT in research, as NIH does with other research materials and models, to ensure that it is utilized for research only when scientifically justifiable, and in the least amount possible to achieve the scientific outcomes. NIH will require applicants and contract offerors to provide detailed information addressing the use of HFT in applications/proposals and reports. These requirements are designed to enable NIH to assess whether extramural research applicants/contract offerors and recipients/awardees/contractors are adequately assuring compliance with all applicable laws and HHS/NIH policies concerning the acquisition and use of HFT obtained from elective abortion.

More at: https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-19-128.html

Emergencies

POLIO
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
Polio this week as of 24 July 2019
Summary of new viruses this week:
:: Pakistan — three WPV1-positive environmental samples;
:: Nigeria —two circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2)-positive environmental samples;
:: Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) — four cVDPV2 cases.

::::::
::::::

DRC – Ebola
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)

Disease Outbreak News (DONs}
Ebola virus disease – Democratic Republic of the Congo
25 July 2019
The Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri provinces in Democratic Republic of the Congo is ongoing amidst a complex crisis, and we continue to observe sustained local transmission and a high number of cases. Most notably, Beni Health Zone accounted for over half of all new cases reported in the last three weeks, as well as a number of cases and contacts that travelled to other health zones. This is the second wave of the outbreak in Beni Health Zone, and it is larger in case numbers and longer in duration than the first. New healthcare worker and nosocomial infections continue to be reported in Beni and other affected health zones, despite substantial infection prevention and control by multiple agencies during the last wave of the outbreak; a total of 141 (5% of total cases) have been reported to date.
The intensive follow-up of contacts of the confirmed case who arrived in Goma on 14 July (see the 18 July Disease Outbreak News) will continue until the end of the 21-day period. In response to this case, 19 health workers were deployed from other posts to Goma to provide support. Rumours of his contacts travelling to Bukavu, South Kivu, were investigated and ruled out by response teams. No new cases have been reported in Goma to date. There are currently no confirmed cases of EVD outside of the Democratic Republic of the Congo…

::::::

World Bank Mobilizes US$300 Million to Finance the Ebola Response in Democratic Republic of Congo
WASHINGTON, July 24, 2019—The World Bank Group today announced that it is mobilizing up to US$300 million to scale up support for the global response to the Ebola epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The announcement follows the declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO) that the current outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
The US$300 million in grants and credits will be largely financed through the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) and its Crisis Response Window, which is designed to help countries respond to severe crises and return to their long-term development paths. The financing package will cover the Ebola-affected health zones in DRC and enable the government, WHO, UNICEF, WFP, IOM and other responders to step up the frontline health response, deliver cash-for-work programs to support the local economy, strengthen resilience in the affected communities, and contain the spread of this deadly virus…

::::::

The United States Announces More Than $38 Million in Additional Assistance to Contain the Ebola Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo
July 24, 2019
The United States, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is providing more than $38 million in additional assistance to help end the ongoing Ebola outbreak in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), including $15 million in new funding to the World Health Organization. This brings the total USAID funding for the response to Ebola to more than $136 million since the beginning of the outbreak in August 2018.

::::::

Summary of new polio viruses this week:
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Four cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have been reported this week in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo): two from Kalonda-Ouest and one from  Nyanga, Kasai province, with onset of paralysis on 3, 7, and 5 June 2019; one from Tshumbe, Sankuru province, with onset of paralysis on 14 June 2019.  There are 15 reported cases of cVDPV2 in 2019. The total number of cVDPV2 cases reported in 2018 is 20.  DRC is currently affected by eight separate cVDPV2 outbreaks; one each originated in Haut Katanga, Mongala, Sankuru, two in Haut Lomami and three in Kasai provinces.

::::::
::::::

Editor’s Note:
WHO has posted a refreshed emergencies page which presents an updated listing of Grade 3,2,1 emergencies as below.
WHO Grade 3 Emergencies [to 27 Jul 2019]

Democratic Republic of the Congo
[See DRC Ebola+ above for detail]

Cyclone Idai – No new digest announcements identified
Mozambique floods – No new digest announcements identified
Nigeria – No new digest announcements identified
Somalia – No new digest announcements identified
South Sudan – No new digest announcements identified
Syrian Arab Republic – No new digest announcements identified
Yemen – No new digest announcements identified

::::::

WHO Grade 2 Emergencies [to 27 Jul 2019]

Iraq
:: WHO Regional Director in Iraq to reinforce WHO support as country enters transition to development phase 15 July 2019

Myanmar
:: Bi‐weekly Situation Report 14 – 18 July 2019 pdf, 737kb

Afghanistan – No new digest announcements identified
Cameroon – No new digest announcements identified
Central African Republic – No new digest announcements identified
Ethiopia – No new digest announcements identified
HIV in Pakistan – No new digest announcements identified
Iran floods 2019 – No new digest announcements identified
Libya – No new digest announcements identified
Malawi floods – No new digest announcements identified
Measles in Europe – No new digest announcements identified
MERS-CoV – No new digest announcements identified
Niger – No new digest announcements identified
occupied Palestinian territory – No new digest announcements identified
Sao Tome and Principe Necrotizing Cellulitis (2017)
Sudan – No new digest announcements identified
Ukraine – No new digest announcements identified
Zimbabwe – No new digest announcements identified

::::::

WHO Grade 1 Emergencies [to 27 Jul 2019]

Chad
:: Partner meeting for the eradication of poliomyelitis in the Lake Chad Basin under the coordination and leadership of the WHO African region [in French] 30 June 2018

Angola – No new digest announcements identified
Djibouti – No new digest announcements identified
Indonesia – Sulawesi earthquake 2018 – No new digest announcements identified
Kenya – No new digest announcements identified
Mali – No new digest announcements identified
Namibia – viral hepatitis – No new digest announcements identified
Tanzania – No new digest announcements identified

::::::
::::::

UN OCHA – L3 Emergencies
The UN and its humanitarian partners are currently responding to three ‘L3’ emergencies. This is the global humanitarian system’s classification for the response to the most severe, large-scale humanitarian crises. 
Syrian Arab Republic
:: Humanitarian Update Syrian Arab Republic – Issue 04 | 25 July 2019
Upsurge in violence endangers 3 million people in northwest
The United Nations remains gravely concerned by the dramatic escalation of violence in northwest Syria which has resulted in over 400 civilians confirmed dead and hundreds of thousands of women, children and men displaced since the upsurge in violence began almost three months ago…

Yemen – No new digest announcements identified

::::::

UN OCHA – Corporate Emergencies
When the USG/ERC declares a Corporate Emergency Response, all OCHA offices, branches and sections provide their full support to response activities both at HQ and in the field.
Editor’s Note:
Ebola in the DRC has bene added as a OCHA “Corporate Emergency” this week:
CYCLONE IDAI and Kenneth – No new digest announcements identified
EBOLA OUTBREAK IN THE DRC – No new digest announcements identified

::::::
::::::

WHO & Regional Offices [to 27 Jul 2019]
26 July 2019 News release
WHO urges countries to invest in eliminating hepatitis
Ahead of World Hepatitis Day (28 July), WHO calls on countries to take advantage of recent reductions in the costs of diagnosing and treating viral hepatitis and scale up investments in disease elimination.
A new study by WHO, published today in Lancet Global Health, has found that investing US$6bn per year in eliminating hepatitis in 67 low- and middle-income countries  would avert 4.5 million premature deaths by 2030, and more than 26 million deaths beyond that target date.
A total of US$58.7 billion is needed to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat in these 67 countries by 2030. This means reducing new hepatitis infections by 90% and deaths by 65%…

24 July 2019 News release
WHO applauds Rwanda’s Ebola preparedness efforts

22 July 2019 News release
WHO recommends dolutegravir as preferred HIV treatment option in all populations
Based on new evidence assessing benefits and risks, the WHO recommends the use of the HIV drug dolutegravir (DTG) as the preferred first-line and second-line treatment for all populations, including pregnant women and those of childbearing potential.

Initial studies had highlighted a possible link between DTG and neural tube defects (birth defects of the brain and spinal cord that cause conditions such as spina bifida) in infants born to women using the drug at the time of conception. This potential safety concern was reported in May 2018 from a study in Botswana that found 4 cases of neural tube defects out of 426 women who became pregnant while taking DTG. Based on these preliminary findings, many countries advised pregnant women and women of childbearing potential to take efavirenz (EFV) instead.

New data from two large clinical trials comparing the efficacy and safety of DTG and EFV in Africa have now expanded the evidence base. The risks of neural tube defects are significantly lower than what the initial studies may have suggested.

The guidelines group also considered mathematical models of the benefits and harms associated with the two drugs; the values and preferences of people living with HIV, as well as factors related to implementation of HIV programmes in different countries, and cost.

DTG is a drug that is more effective, easier to take and has fewer side effects than alternative drugs that are currently used. DTG also has a high genetic barrier to developing drug resistance, which is important given the rising trend of resistance to EFV and nevirapine-based regimens. In 2019, 12 out of 18 countries surveyed by WHO reported pre-treatment drug resistance levels exceeding the recommended threshold of 10%.

All of above findings informed the decision to update the 2019 guidelines…

::::::

Calls for consultants / proposals
22 July 2019
Consultant on Total Systems Effectiveness (TSE) tool development
pdf, 264kb
Deadline for applications: 11 August 2019

::::::

Weekly Epidemiological Record, 26 July 2019, vol. 94, 30/31 (pp. 329–344)
:: Progress towards poliomyelitis eradication in Nigeria, January 2018 – May 2019
:: Performance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance and incidence of poliomyelitis, 2019

::::::

WHO Regional Offices
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
WHO African Region AFRO
:: WHO’s Data Tool improves Ebola Surveillance, Contact Tracing and Decision Making in Uganda 26 July 2019
:: Countries strategize their plan on Integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) to end preventable child death 26 July 2019
:: Ethiopia, Somaliland and Puntland jointly plan for the synchronized HoA cross-border polio response 25 July 2019
:: SIDS Pooled Procurement Initiative to Improve Access To Quality Medicines
22 July 2019

WHO Region of the Americas PAHO
:: WHO urges countries to invest in eliminating hepatitis (07/26/2019)
:: IAS 2019: PAHO Director calls for new approach to HIV response in order to end the epidemic by 2030 (07/22/2019)

WHO South-East Asia Region SEARO
No new digest content identified.

WHO European Region EURO
No new digest content identified.

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region EMRO
:: Statement on Iraq by Dr Ahmed Al-Mandhari, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean

Cairo, Egypt, 24 July 2019 – I recently concluded a 4-day visit to Iraq where I saw firsthand a health system transitioning from emergency response to reconstruction, rehabilitation and resilience, while at the same time addressing the health needs of millions of vulnerable Iraqis and refugees. The country’s new national health priorities, including health financing, environmental health and sanitation, and universal health…

WHO Western Pacific Region
:: Risk of Ebola in the Western Pacific remains low 18 July 2019 News releases

CDC/ACIP [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.cdc.gov/media/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/index.html

MMWR News Synopsis for Friday, July 26, 2019
Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication — Nigeria, January 2018–May 2019
Initiatives to provide polio vaccine to children in insurgent-held areas of northeastern Nigeria have been mostly successful; however, an estimated 60,000 children in inaccessible areas remain unvaccinated. A new report describes the progress toward polio eradication in Nigeria during January 2018-May 2019. In addition to vigorous vaccination efforts, surveillance in insurgent-held areas has progressively improved. Nigeria’s last reported case of wild poliovirus occurred in September of 2016. With review of further improvements in immunization and surveillance in northeastern Nigeria and neighboring countries, the African Regional Certification Commission may be able to conclude in 2020 that WPV transmission has been interrupted in the WHO Region of Africa. However, since 2018, two outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) have affected 14 Nigerian states, Niger Republic, and Cameroon. To achieve interruption of all cVDPV2 transmission in Nigeria and other countries, the quality of subsequent polio mass campaigns must increase and include insurgent-held areas.

Africa CDC [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.africacdc.org/
News
JOINT PRESS RELEASE BETWEEN AFRICA CENTRES FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION AND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ON THE SITUATION OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE OUTBREAK IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia & Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, 19 July 2019 – On 17 July 2019, the World Health Organisation (WHO) Director General, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, declared the ongoing Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)…

China CDC
http://www.chinacdc.cn/en/
No new digest content identified.

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China
http://en.nhc.gov.cn/
Selected Updates and Press Releases
No new digest content identified.

Announcements

Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/frontiers-group/news-press/
No new digest content identified.

BMGF – Gates Foundation [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases
No new digest content identified.

Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.gatesmri.org/
The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit biotech organization. Our mission is to develop products to fight malaria, tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases—three major causes of mortality, poverty, and inequality in developing countries. The world has unprecedented scientific tools at its disposal; now is the time to use them to save the lives of the world’s poorest people
No new digest content identified.

CARB-X [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://carb-x.org/
CARB-X is a non-profit public-private partnership dedicated to accelerating antibacterial research to tackle the global rising threat of drug-resistant bacteria.
No new digest content identified.

CEPI – Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://cepi.net/
25 Jul 2019
CEPI awards up to US$23.4 million to Valneva for late-stage development of a single-dose Chikungunya vaccine

Oslo, Norway, and Saint-Herblain, France, July 25, 2019—Valneva SE (“Valneva”), a biotech company developing and commercializing vaccines for infectious diseases with major unmet needs, and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) hereby announce a new partnering agreement. With support from the European Union’s (EU’s) Horizon 2020 programme, CEPI will provide Valneva up to US$23.4 million for vaccine manufacturing and late-stage clinical development of a single-dose, live-attenuated vaccine (VLA1553) against Chikungunya. In line with CEPI’s commitment to equitable access, the funding will underwrite a partnership effort to accelerate regulatory approval of Valneva’s single-dose Chikungunya vaccine for use in regions where outbreaks occur and support WHO prequalification to facilitate broader access in lower and middle income countries.
Valneva will also maintain a stockpile of the vaccine candidate and work to transfer the secondary manufacturing of the drug product to partners for lower and middle income countries—where outbreaks of Chikungunya have occurred—to improve access to the vaccine for at-risk populations…

Clinton Health Access Initiative, Inc. (CHAI) [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://clintonhealthaccess.org/about/
No new digest content identified.

EDCTP [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.edctp.org/
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
Latest news
No new digest content identified.

Emory Vaccine Center [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.vaccines.emory.edu/
No new digest content identified.

European Medicines Agency [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
News and press releases

News: Meeting highlights from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP)
22-25 July 2019

European Vaccine Initiative [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.euvaccine.eu/news-events
No new digest content identified.

FDA [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/default.htm
No new digest content identified.

Fondation Merieux [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.fondation-merieux.org/
No new digest content identified.

Gavi [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.gavi.org/
Latest news
INFUSE 2019: Harnessing innovation to accelerate urban immunisation coverage
Three new ‘Pacesetters’ selected to boost access to vaccine and primary health services for developing country populations living in complex urban settings
Geneva, 26 July 2019 – A chatbot technology powered by artificial intelligence (AI), an analytics platform using crowd-sourced data and a new approach to transgender community engagement have all been chosen to be 2019’s INFUSE Pacesetters…

GHIT Fund [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.ghitfund.org/newsroom/press
GHIT was set up in 2012 with the aim of developing new tools to tackle infectious diseases that devastate the world’s poorest people. Other funders include six Japanese pharmaceutical
No new digest content identified.

Global Fund [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/
Video
Faces of the Fight
23 July 2019
The fight against HIV, TB and malaria has many faces. They span ages and geographies and gender. Their diversity shows us that these diseases don’t affect one “type” of person. We can all see ourselves in these champions – in their challenges, their hopes and their strength.

Hilleman Laboratories [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.hillemanlabs.org/
No new digest content identified.

Human Vaccines Project [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.humanvaccinesproject.org/media/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IAVI [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.iavi.org/newsroom
No new digest content identified.

International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA)
http://www.icmra.info/drupal/en/news
Statements and Press Releases
ICMRA statement about confidence in biosimilar products (for healthcare professionals) (July 2019)

ICMRA statement about confidence in biosimilar products (for patients and the public) (July 2019)

IFFIm
http://www.iffim.org/library/news/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IFRC [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/news/press-releases/
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
Asia Pacific, Philippines
Philippines: Urgent action needed to halt deadly dengue outbreak
Manila/Kuala Lumpur/Geneva, 26 July 2019 – Urgent action is needed to contain a dengue outbreak in the Philippines as cases continue to soar and an unprecedented nationwide emergency alert is issued…an alarming dengue outbreak with more than 115,000 cases reported since the beginning of the year – 85 per cent more than during the same period in 2018. To date, dengue has already led to 491 deaths, 30 per cent of them children between the ages of 5 and 9.
26 July 2019

IVAC [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/index.html
No new digest content identified.

IVI [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.ivi.int/
IVI News & Announcements
IVI, KSC hold donation ceremony for Raphas
July 25, 2019 – SEOUL, South Korea. IVI and the Korea Support Committee for IVI (KSC) jointly held a donation ceremony in honor of Raphas, which has renewed commitment to support IVI’s vaccine development and delivery for children in developing countries. The Korean biopharmaceutical company, an IVI donor since 2015, will conduct a ‘Giving Vaccine’ campaign to use a portion of its sales to increase contributions to IVI through KSC…

JEE Alliance [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.jeealliance.org/
Selected News and Events
No new digest content identified.

MSF/Médecins Sans Frontières [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.msf.org/
Selected News; Project Updates, Reports
Journal article
Hepatitis E should be considered a neglected tropical disease

Cambodia
Affordable drugs and new hepatitis C treatment method save lives
24 Jul 2019

Venezuela
Addressing mounting health needs in Venezuela
24 Jul 2019

NIH [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases
July 23, 2019
PrEP use high but wanes after three months among young African women
— Innovative adherence strategies needed to support long-term usage, NIH-funded study suggests.

Most women use vaginal ring for HIV prevention in open-label study
July 23, 2019 — NIH-supported research explored tool to expand HIV prevention choices for women.

NIH awards contract for acute flaccid myelitis natural history study
July 23, 2019 — The rare but serious condition causes muscle weakness and paralysis.

PATH [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.path.org/media-center/
July 16, 2019 by PATH
PATH’s research on differentiated care in the Democratic Republic of the Congo recognized at the 2019 International AIDS Conference on HIV Science
July 22, 2019 by PATH
Yesterday at the 2019 International AIDS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2019), PATH was announced as a recipient of the International AIDS Society/Merck Sharpe & Dohme Prize for Operational and Implementation Research in Differentiated Service Delivery in recognition of outstanding research in differentiated service delivery.
PATH was awarded the prize for a study looking at the effectiveness of client-centered HIV treatment distribution models in retaining people living with HIV on treatment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)…

Sabin Vaccine Institute [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.sabin.org/updates/pressreleases
Thursday, July 25, 2019 Thursday, July 25, 2019
Sabin Vaccine Institute and The Aspen Institute Release Report Calling for Bold, New, and Coordinated Commitments to Making Universal Influenza Vaccines a Reality
Report by cross-disciplinary team of global experts highlights urgent need for a vaccine that can protect the world against influenza; provides bold, actionable recommendations
WASHINGTON, D.C. – A new report released today by the Sabin-Aspen Vaccine Science & Policy Group, a joint initiative of the Sabin Vaccine Institute and the Aspen Institute, calls for an urgent, coordinated effort to amplify and focus resources on the long-sought, but overdue achievement of a universal influenza vaccine (UIV). The report, titled “Accelerating the Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine,” is the result of a 9-month effort from a cross-disciplinary group of 24 internationally recognized experts and innovators with experience in government, public health, industry, finance, philanthropy, and advocacy. With 300,000 to 650,000 people killed annually from influenza and millions of lives threatened by the emergence of a pandemic strain, influenza remains one of the world’s most serious infectious disease threats…

UNAIDS [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.unaids.org/en
Selected Press Releases/Reports/Statements
25 July 2019
Botswana puts young people at the centre of its AIDS response

25 July 2019
Empowering women living with HIV in Djibouti to live dignified lives

UNICEF [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.unicef.org/media/press-releases
Selected Statements, Press Releases, Reports

Press release
Partnerships and innovation help UNICEF deliver results for children in 150 countries
In 2018, UNICEF reached nearly half the world’s children with vaccines; provided 13.3 million bed nets and nearly 50,000 tonnes of ready-to-use food
23/07/2019
In 2018, UNICEF helped children by:
:: Procuring 2.36 billion doses of vaccines to fight a variety of diseases including measles, diphtheria, tetanus and HPV, and reach nearly half the world’s children
:: Providing children access to safe water with 1.26 billion water purification tablets and chlorination/flocculation sachets
:: Protecting children from mosquito-borne diseases using 13.3 million bed nets
:: Treating children suffering from malnutrition with 47,760 tonnes of ready-to-use therapeutic food
:: Helping children get back in the classroom with 4.5 million schoolbags and 84,000 education kits…

Vaccination Acceptance Research Network (VARN) [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://vaccineacceptance.org/news.html#header1-2r
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Confidence Project [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.vaccineconfidence.org/
Article of the week – Posted on 21 Jul, 2019
An excellent, thoughtful article on the urgent need to diffuse polarized debates to more civil, open dialogue with room for differences –  HL
Preserving Civility in Vaccine Policy Discourse: A Way Forward
Gregory A. Poland, MD; Jon C. Tilburt, MD; Edgar K. Marcuse, MD
Published in JAMA 16 July 2019

Vaccine Education Center – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center
No new digest content identified.

Wellcome Trust [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://wellcome.ac.uk/news
Opinion | 25 July 2019
Initiative brings biologists together to crack the secrets of human development
Andrew Chisholm and Sheny Chen
Cellular and Developmental Sciences team Wellcome
The Human Developmental Biology Initiative is a £10 million project to provide insights into how humans develop – from one cell to billions of different cells that make up our tissues and organs.

The Wistar Institute [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.wistar.org/news/press-releases
No new digest content identified.

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/press-releases/2019/
No new digest content identified.

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BIO [to 27 Jul 2019]
https://www.bio.org/insights/press-release
Jul 23 2019
Senate Finance Drug Pricing Proposal Misses the Mark
“While we’re pleased that the Senate Finance Committee proposal caps what beneficiaries have to pay out of pocket for medicines under Medicare Part D, it adopts a framework that punishes some of the most innovative biotech cures and transformative therapies.”

DCVMN – Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.dcvmn.org/
No new digest content identified.

IFPMA [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.ifpma.org/resources/news-releases/
No new digest content identified.

PhRMA [to 27 Jul 2019]
http://www.phrma.org/press-room
July 25, 2019
PhRMA Statement Opposing Senate Finance Committee Drug Pricing Legislation
“…The Senate Finance Committee legislation is the wrong approach to lowering drug prices. It would siphon more than $150 billion from researching and developing new medicines and give those savings to the government, insurers and PBMs, instead of using those savings to lower costs for seniors at the pharmacy counter…”

Journal Watch
Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focu-s on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.
If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

American Journal of Infection Control
August 2019 Volume 47, Issue 8, p857-1038
http://www.ajicjournal.org/current

Major Articles
Characteristics associated with hepatitis B vaccination initiation and completion among adults traveling to a country of high or intermediate endemicity
Changwei Tian, Xiaofei Ding, Hua Wang, Wenming Wang, Xiaoming Luo
p883–888
Published online: March 15, 2019

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
August 2019 Volume 57, Issue 2, p135-292
http://www.ajpmonline.org/current

Research Articles
Insurance Reimbursements for Routinely Recommended Adult Vaccines in the Private Sector
Yuping Tsai, Fangjun Zhou, Megan C. Lindley
p180–190
Published online: June 25, 2019

BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 27 Jul 2019)

Research article
A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis A in Africa
Hepatitis A, caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), is a vaccine preventable disease. In Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), poor hygiene and sanitation conditions are the main risk factors contributing t…
Authors: Jenna Patterson, Leila Abdullahi, Gregory D. Hussey, Rudzani Muloiwa and Benjamin M. Kagina
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:651
Published on: 22 July 2019

BMC Medical Ethics
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmedethics/content
(Accessed 27 Jul 2019)

Research article
Global health ethics: critical reflections on the contours of an emerging field, 1977–2015
The field of bioethics has evolved over the past half-century, incorporating new domains of inquiry that signal developments in health research, clinical practice, public health in its broadest sense and more …
Authors: Gail Robson, Nathan Gibson, Alison Thompson, Solomon Benatar and Avram Denburg
Citation: BMC Medical Ethics 2019 20:53
Published on: 25 July 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 27 Jul 2019)

Research article
Trends of inequalities in childhood immunization coverage among children aged 12-23 months in Kenya, Ghana, and Côte d’Ivoire
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective health intervention to halt the spread of childhood diseases, and improve child health. Yet, there is a substantial disparity in childhood immunization coverage. …
Authors: Hermann Pythagore Pierre Donfouet, Gaye Agesa and Martin Kavao Mutua
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:988
Published on: 23 July 2019

Clinical Therapeutics
July 2019 Volume 41, Issue 7, p1227-1400
http://www.clinicaltherapeutics.com/current

PREVENTION OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: Challenges and Opportunities to Change the Paradigm of Disease Management
Edited by Kevin Dale Deane, Tsang Tommy Cheung

Clinical Trials
Volume 16 Issue 4, August 2019
https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ctja/16/4

Conference Proceedings
Proceedings of the University of Pennsylvania 11th annual conference on statistical issues in clinical trials: Estimands, missing data and sensitivity analysis
Susan S Ellenberg, Jonas H Ellenberg

Clinical Trials
Volume 16 Issue 4, August 2019
https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ctja/16/4

University of Pennsylvania 11th annual conference on statistical issues in clinical trials: Estimands, missing data and sensitivity analysis (morning panel session)
Frank W Rockhold, Anne Lindblad, Jay P Siegel, Geert Molenberghs

First Published July 13, 2019; pp. 350–362

Clinical Trials
Volume 16 Issue 4, August 2019
https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ctja/16/4

University of Pennsylvania 11th annual conference on statistical issues in clinical trials: Estimands, missing data and sensitivity analysis (afternoon panel session)
Roderick J Little, Eric J Tchetgen Tchetgen, Andrea B. Troxel

First Published June 27, 2019; pp. 381–390

Clinical Trials
Volume 16 Issue 4, August 2019
https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/ctja/16/4

Conference Proceedings
Proceedings of the University of Pennsylvania 11th annual conference on statistical issues in clinical trials: Estimands, missing data and sensitivity analysis
Susan S Ellenberg, Jonas H Ellenberg

Globalization and Health
http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/
[Accessed 27 Jul 2019]

Book review
|   23 July 2019
Book review: Human Rights in Global Health: Rights-Based Governance for a Globalizing World
Authors: Unni Gopinathan

Globalization and Health
http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/
[Accessed 27 Jul 2019]

Research
|   26 July 2019
Strengthening national health research systems in the WHO African Region – progress towards universal health coverage
Authors: Simbarashe Rusakaniko, Michael Makanga, Martin O. Ota, Moses Bockarie, Geoffrey Banda, Joseph Okeibunor, Francisca Mutapi, Prosper Tumusiime, Thomas Nyirenda, Joses Muthuri Kirigia and Juliet Nabyonga-Orem

Journal of Adolescent Health
July 2019 Volume 65, Issue 1, p1-166
https://www.jahonline.org/issue/S1054-139X(18)X0009-3

Editorials
Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the United States: Remaining Challenges for Adolescent Vaccination
Sarah Mbaeyi, Shannon Stokley
p11–12
Published in issue: July 2019

Journal of Adolescent Health
July 2019 Volume 65, Issue 1, p1-166
https://www.jahonline.org/issue/S1054-139X(18)X0009-3

Original Articles
Meningococcal Vaccination Among Adolescents in the United States: A Tale of Two Age Platforms
Samantha K. Kurosky, Elizabeth Esterberg, Debra E. Irwin, Laurel Trantham, Elizabeth Packnett, Patricia Novy, Jane Whelan, Cosmina Hogea
p107–115
Published online: May 15, 2019

Journal of Adolescent Health
July 2019 Volume 65, Issue 1, p1-166
https://www.jahonline.org/issue/S1054-139X(18)X0009-3

Short Message Service Reminders to Parents for Increasing Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Rates in a Secondary School Vaccine Program: A Randomized Control Trial
Fraser Tull, Kim Borg, Cameron Knott, Megan Beasley, Justin Halliday, Nicholas Faulkner, Kim Sutton, Peter Bragge
p116–123
Published online: March 14, 2019

The Lancet
Jul 27, 2019 Volume 394Number 10195p273-358
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Articles
Mapping the global prevalence, incidence, and mortality of Plasmodium falciparum, 2000–17: a spatial and temporal modelling study
Daniel J Weiss, et al
Open Access

The Lancet
Jul 27, 2019 Volume 394Number 10195p273-358
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Mapping the global endemicity and clinical burden of Plasmodium vivax, 2000–17: a spatial and temporal modelling study
Katherine E Battle, et al
Open Access