CDC/ACIP [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.cdc.gov/media/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/index.html
Thursday, August 1, 2019
CDC Remains Committed One Year into the Fight against Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
…“As the WHO PHEIC declaration makes clear, this Ebola outbreak continues to be a complex and serious public health threat,” said CDC Director Robert R. Redfield, MD. “CDC remains prepared for the prolonged journey ahead and remains committed to working with our U.S. government and international partners to support the response and end this outbreak.”
One year into the fight against Ebola, CDC and the U.S. government remain committed to working with and empowering the ministries of health of DRC and neighboring countries, in collaboration with other international partners, to ensure the outbreak response is well coordinated to stop the spread of disease and end the outbreak. CDC is committed to strengthening the healthcare system in DRC to help reduce the risk of future outbreaks, not only of Ebola, but of other diseases such as HIV, measles, tuberculosis, and malaria. CDC’s commitment to global health goes hand in hand with CDC’s commitment to the safety and security of the American public.

Africa CDC [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.africacdc.org/
News
Inspection Visit to Africa CDC Headquarters Building Site
ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA, 29 JULY 2019. The African Union Commissioner for Social Affairs, H.E. Amira Elfadil Mohammed Elfadil, and the Ambassador and Head of Mission of China to the African Union, H.E. Mr Yuxi Liu, visited the site of the Africa CDC headquarters building in company of other representatives of the African Union and China today. The visit was to view the site and receive detail briefing about the construction.

China CDC
http://www.chinacdc.cn/en/
No new digest content identified.

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China
http://en.nhc.gov.cn/
Selected Updates and Press Releases
Approval of 139 new drugs eases access to affordable medication
(China Daily) Updated: 2019-08-01
China has created and approved 139 new drugs to treat difficult illnesses such as tumors, HIV and diabetes since 2008, giving more patients greater access to affordable and effective medication, officials said on July 31.

Announcements

Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/frontiers-group/news-press/
No new digest content identified.

BMGF – Gates Foundation [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases
No new digest content identified.

Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.gatesmri.org/
The Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute is a non-profit biotech organization. Our mission is to develop products to fight malaria, tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases—three major causes of mortality, poverty, and inequality in developing countries. The world has unprecedented scientific tools at its disposal; now is the time to use them to save the lives of the world’s poorest people
No new digest content identified.

CARB-X [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://carb-x.org/
CARB-X is a non-profit public-private partnership dedicated to accelerating antibacterial research to tackle the global rising threat of drug-resistant bacteria.
07.31.2019  |
CARB-X funds BB100 to develop a unique monoclonal antibody to prevent and treat hyper-virulent multi-drug-resistant E. coli infections
CARB-X, a global partnership led by Boston University, is awarding BB100 LLC, a subsidiary of Bravos Biosciences of Schenectady, New York, USA, up to $3.0 million in non-dilutive funding with the possibility of $6.2 million more if certain project milestones are met, to develop a novel monoclonal antibody to prevent or treat serious life-threatening infections caused by a particularly virulent strain of Gram-negative multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) called ST131-025b, which is often associated with complicated urinary tract, bloodstream, and prostate infections.

CEPI – Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://cepi.net/
No new digest content identified.

Clinton Health Access Initiative, Inc. (CHAI) [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://clintonhealthaccess.org/about/
No new digest content identified.

EDCTP [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.edctp.org/
The European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) aims to accelerate the development of new or improved drugs, vaccines, microbicides and diagnostics against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria as well as other poverty-related and neglected infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on phase II and III clinical trials
Latest news
No new digest content identified.

Emory Vaccine Center [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.vaccines.emory.edu/
No new digest content identified.

European Medicines Agency [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
News and press releases
News: Supporting medicine developers in generating quality data packages in early access approaches (PRIME and breakthrough therapies): workshop report published
Last updated: 31/07/2019

European Vaccine Initiative [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.euvaccine.eu/news-events
No new digest content identified.

FDA [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/default.htm
No new digest content identified.

Fondation Merieux [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.fondation-merieux.org/
No new digest content identified.

Gavi [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.gavi.org/
Latest news
No new digest content identified.

GHIT Fund [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.ghitfund.org/newsroom/press
GHIT was set up in 2012 with the aim of developing new tools to tackle infectious diseases that devastate the world’s poorest people. Other funders include six Japanese pharmaceutical
No new digest content identified.

Global Fund [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/news/
News
Leading Artists and Athletes Pledge to Help End AIDS, TB and Malaria for Future Generations
30 July 2019

Feature Story
Our Promise to 7-Year-Olds Everywhere
30 July 2019

Hilleman Laboratories [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.hillemanlabs.org/
No new digest content identified.

Human Vaccines Project [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.humanvaccinesproject.org/media/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IAVI [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.iavi.org/newsroom
No new digest content identified.

International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA)
http://www.icmra.info/drupal/en/news
Statements and Press Releases
Antimicrobial Resistance Press Release (July 2019)
[See Milestones above for detail]

IFFIm
http://www.iffim.org/library/news/press-releases/
No new digest content identified.

IFRC [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://media.ifrc.org/ifrc/news/press-releases/
Selected Press Releases, Announcements
Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
DR Congo: Expanded humanitarian response critical to ending Ebola outbreak says IFRC
Kinshasa/Nairobi/Geneva, 1 Aug 2019 – A year on, the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo) continues to spread into new areas across North Kivu and Ituri.  An average of 13 new cases are reported daily, in the last three months, as insecurity, community resistance and massive unmet humanitarian needs continue to hamper the international response.
Dr Emanuele Capobianco, Director of Health and Care at the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), said:
“There is now a collective recognition that this terrible virus can only be stopped in its tracks when communities are engaged and placed at the centre of the response efforts.”
Alongside Ebola, ongoing measles and cholera outbreaks in DR Congo have killed more than 1,800 people in the last year. In addition, two decades of violence and conflict have deprived millions of access to basic services like health and education.
“Communities continue to be suspicious of the Ebola response because they feel that it is not addressing their broader needs. Moving forward in this response, we need to ensure that we are adequately responding to the priorities and concerns of these communities. This means expanding the response to include broader health and humanitarian needs.”…

Americas, Venezuela
Venezuela: New Red Cross health consignment arrives in Caracas from Italy
A consignment of 34 tons of medicines and medical supplies arrived at Caracas international airport this morning from Italy, the president of the Venezuelan Red Cross, Dr. Mario Villaroel, has confirmed. The shipment that arrived today includes essential medicines such as antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, health disposables and a range of medical equipment such as defibrillators.
31 July 2019

Asia Pacific, Bangladesh, India, Nepal
Bangladesh: Floods put 7.6 million at risk, IFRC announces tenfold increase in assistance
Continued heavy rainfalls in Bangladesh combined with severe flooding in neighbouring countries have led to the highest river water levels in a century putting 7.6 million people at risk of hunger and disease.
31 July 2019

IVAC [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/ivac/index.html
No new digest content identified.

IVI [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.ivi.int/
IVI News & Announcements
IVI teams up with 4 Korean partners to nurture vaccine industry professionals
July 31, SEOUL, South Korea. IVI has exchanged a memorandum of understanding with four Korean partners – Andong National University (ANU), Andong City, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, and SK bioscience, to nurture human resources critical to vaccine industry development. IVI Director General, Dr. Jerome Kim attended an MOU signing ceremony at ANU on July 31, which brought together the representatives of the four partners.
Under the MOU, the five organizations agreed to seek mutual cooperation in: operating training programs for professionals in vaccine technology development, organizing and supporting joint programs for research and development of new vaccine technology, establishing and supporting on-site training programs such as on-the-job training and internships, and supporting training programs for workers at industrial sites…

JEE Alliance [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.jeealliance.org/
Selected News and Events
No new digest content identified.

MSF/Médecins Sans Frontières [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.msf.org/
Selected News; Project Updates, Reports
DRC Ebola outbreaks
10 facts on a year of Ebola in DRC
Project Update 2 Aug 2019

DRC Ebola outbreaks
Crisis update – August 2019
Crisis Update 2 Aug 2019

DRC Ebola outbreaks
Tenth Ebola outbreak in DRC still rages, one year on
Voices from the Field 1 Aug 2019
 

DRC Ebola outbreaks
DRC Ebola outbreak response struggling one year on
Project Update 31 Jul 2019

Syria
Escalating conflict in Idlib leaves increasing numbers dead, wounded or displaced
Project Update 31 Jul 2019

DRC Ebola outbreaks
Not contained, new cases: three questions on vaccines and the Ebola outbreak in…
Interview 31 Jul 2019

NIH [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases
August 1, 2019
Experimental respiratory syncytial virus vaccine prompts antibody surge
— Structure-based candidate designed by NIH scientists.

PATH [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.path.org/media-center/
No new digest content identified.

Sabin Vaccine Institute [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.sabin.org/updates/pressreleases
No new digest content identified.

UNAIDS [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.unaids.org/en
Selected Press Releases/Reports/Statements
2 August 2019
The right to disclose your own status

31 July 2019
Mapping HIV laws and policies
A new website that enables people to identify national laws and policies related to the AIDS response has been launched by UNAIDS.
Covering areas as diverse as a country’s ability to diagnose HIV among young babies, the existence of laws that discriminate against transgender people and whether people are prosecuted for carrying condoms, the Laws and Policies Analytics website aims to give a full overview of a country’s laws and policies related to the HIV response. It also allows to view policy data jointly with other data on the HIV epidemic and response.
“We must better understand legal and policy environments to drive effective responses to the HIV epidemic. This new tool will provide access to data on national laws and policies and allow for joint analysis with data on the epidemic and response, so that we can drive more deeply-informed decision-making,” said Shannon Hader, UNAIDS Deputy Executive Director, Programme…

UNICEF [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.unicef.org/media/press-releases
Selected Statements, Press Releases, Reports
Statement
July ends with brutal acts of violence perpetrated against children across the Middle East and North Africa
Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore
02/08/2019

Press release
Why family-friendly policies are critical to increasing breastfeeding rates worldwide
01/08/2019

Statement
Inter-Agency Statement on Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, one year on
31/07/2019
[See Ebola – DRC above for detail]

Press release
Geneva Palais briefing note on the impact of the Ebola outbreak on children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
This is a summary of remarks by Jerome Pfaffman, UNICEF Senior Health Specialist – to whom quoted text may be attributed – at today’s press briefing at the Palais des Nations in Geneva
30/07/2019
[See Ebola – DRC above for detail]

Press release
UNICEF ramps up Ebola prevention efforts as South Sudan assessed as ‘high-risk’ country
UN children’s agency reaches 3 million with Ebola prevention messages
29/07/2019
[See Ebola – DRC above for detail]

Vaccination Acceptance Research Network (VARN) [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://vaccineacceptance.org/news.html#header1-2r
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Confidence Project [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.vaccineconfidence.org/
No new digest content identified.

Vaccine Education Center – Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center
No new digest content identified.

Wellcome Trust [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://wellcome.ac.uk/news
Opinion | 1 August 2019
How we can give a more diverse group of undergraduates hands-on research experience
Claire Fenton
Research Landscape Manager, Wellcome
We’re changing how we award Biomedical Vacation Scholarships, so that more students from underrepresented groups can gain scientific research experience.

News | 27 July 2019
‘The final months of 2019 could be a tipping point for UK science’
The text of our letter to Prime Minister Boris Johnson, calling on him to set out his vision for UK science as soon as possible

The Wistar Institute [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.wistar.org/news/press-releases
No new digest content identified.

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/press-releases/2019/
No new digest content identified.

::::::

BIO [to 3 Aug 2019]
https://www.bio.org/insights/press-release
Jul 31 2019
HHS Drug Importation Plan a “Misguided Attempt to Keep an Ill-Informed Campaign Promise”
“There is simply no way to adopt an importation scheme that doesn’t jeopardize the health and well-being of America’s patients,” BIO’s President and CEO Jim Greenwood said.

DCVMN – Developing Country Vaccine Manufacturers Network [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.dcvmn.org/
No new digest content identified.

IFPMA [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.ifpma.org/resources/news-releases/
No new digest content identified.

PhRMA [to 3 Aug 2019]
http://www.phrma.org/press-room
July 31, 2019
PhRMA Statement On Administration’s Drug Importation Scheme
The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) president and CEO Stephen J. Ubl issued the following statement:
“The Administration’s importation scheme is far too dangerous for American patients. There is no way to guarantee the safety of drugs that come into the country from outside the United States’ gold-standard supply chain…”

Journal Watch
Vaccines and Global Health: The Week in Review continues its weekly scanning of key peer-reviewed journals to identify and cite articles, commentary and editorials, books reviews and other content supporting our focu-s on vaccine ethics and policy. Journal Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues the Center is actively tracking. We selectively provide full text of some editorial and comment articles that are specifically relevant to our work. Successful access to some of the links provided may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher.
If you would like to suggest other journal titles to include in this service, please contact David Curry at: david.r.curry@centerforvaccineethicsandpolicy.org

BMC Health Services Research
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmchealthservres/content
(Accessed 3 Aug 2019)

Research article
Assessing the impact of law enforcement to reduce over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antibiotics in low- and middle-income countries; a systematic literature review
Many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are moving towards enforcing prescription-only access to antibiotics. This systematic literature review aims to assess the interventions used to enforce existing le…
Authors: Tom G. Jacobs, Jane Robertson, Hendrika A. van den Ham, Kotoji Iwamoto, Hanne Bak Pedersen and Aukje K. Mantel-Teeuwisse
Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2019 19:536
Published on: 31 July 2019

BMC Medical Ethics
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmedethics/content
(Accessed 3 Aug 2019)

Research article
Model consent clauses for rare disease research
Rare Disease research has seen tremendous advancements over the last decades, with the development of new technologies, various global collaborative efforts and improved data sharing. To maximize the impact of…
Authors: Minh Thu Nguyen, Jack Goldblatt, Rosario Isasi, Marlene Jagut, Anneliene Hechtelt Jonker, Petra Kaufmann, Laetitia Ouillade, Fruszina Molnar-Gabor, Mahsa Shabani, Eric Sid, Anne Marie Tassé, Durhane Wong-Rieger and Bartha Maria Knoppers
Citation: BMC Medical Ethics 2019 20:55
Published on: 1 August 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 3 Aug 2019)

Research article
Costs associated with delivering HPV vaccination in the context of the first year demonstration programme in southern Mozambique
In Mozambique cervical cancer is a public health threat, due to its high incidence and limited access to early diagnosis of precancerous lesions. International organisations are supporting the introduction of …
Authors: Sergi Alonso, Olga Cambaco, Yolanda Maússe, Graça Matsinhe, Eusébio Macete, Clara Menéndez, Elisa Sicuri, Esperança Sevene and Khátia Munguambe
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:1031
Published on: 1 August 2019

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 3 Aug 2019)

Research article
Full immunization coverage and its associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: further analysis from the 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey
Vaccination is one of the cost effective strategies reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. Further improvement of immunization coverage would halt about 1.5 million additional deaths globally. Understandi…
Authors: Koku Sisay Tamirat and Malede Mequanent Sisay
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:1019
Published on: 30 July 2019

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 8, August 2019, 513-580
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/8/en/

EDITORIALS
Biomedical research; what gets funded where?
— Taghreed Adam, Ambinintsoa H Ralaidovy & Soumya Swaminathan
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.19.240499
…In July 2019, the observatory published for the first time a comprehensive overview of health products for all indications (medicines, vaccines and diagnostics that include an active pharmaceutical ingredient), from discovery to market launch, using the AdisInsight database.^3,4 The analysis of more than 86,000 products developed since 1995 shows that of the 14.999 products that are currently in a clinical phase of development, 87% (13,004) are for noncommunicable diseases and 9% (1319) for communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions. Around 48% (6221) of products for noncommunicable diseases are for malignant neoplasms and around 80% (1047) of products for communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions are for infectious and parasitic diseases.⁴ Less than 0.5% of active products (168 out of 35,770) target a disease on the WHO list of neglected tropical diseases, and around 0.4% (152) of active products are targeting a pathogen on the WHO list of research and development blueprint priority pathogens.^5,6
These findings and other recent analysis of the observatory’s data show little indication that decisions on new investments on health research and development are evidence-informed or prioritized, or that they reflect the public health needs of people living in low- and middle-income countries…

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 8, August 2019, 513-580
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/8/en/

PERSPECTIVES
Patent pooling to increase access to essential medicines
— Esteban Burrone, Dzintars Gotham, Andy Gray, Kees de Joncheere, Nicola Magrini, Yehoda M Martei, Charles Gore & Marie Paule Kieny
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.229179
Access to medicines is key to achieving universal health coverage (UHC); however, such access can be hindered by unaffordable prices. A good example of improvement in access to medicines is treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Global coverage was very low in 2000, with only 611 000 people receiving treatment; however, in 2017, 21.7 million people were on treatment.^1,2 This increase was partly due to access to affordable, quality-assured generic HIV medicines in low- and middle-income countries.¹

One way to achieve better access to new medicines is patent pools, which allow third parties to acquire non-exclusive licences for the intellectual property needed to develop products. While patent pools have existed for several decades in other fields of technology, such as in digital technologies, they are a relatively new concept in public health, where they have been applied to address some of the access challenges in low- and middle-income countries.³

To improve access to antiretroviral treatment in low- and middle-income countries, Unitaid established the Medicines Patent Pool in 2010 as the first public health patent pool. Later, the patent pool’s mandate was expanded to treatments for tuberculosis and hepatitis C. The patent pool has negotiated most of the licensing agreements with pharmaceutical companies that have enabled competitive generic manufacture of antiretrovirals in low- and middle-income countries before patent expiry. These licences have also facilitated the development of new formulations that are particularly needed in resource-constrained settings, such as certain fixed-dose combinations and paediatric formulations. To date, the patent pool’s generic partners have distributed 22 million patient-years of treatment, allowing global savings of 1.06 billion United States dollars (US$), according to a biannual analysis undertaken by a leading auditing company.⁴

In 2016, the Lancet Commission on Essential Medicines Policies, the World Health Organization (WHO) and other stakeholders called for the patent pool to expand its mandate to a broader range of patented essential medicines.^5,6 Here, we outline the findings of a released feasibility study on expanding the patent pool’s mandate,⁷ laying out the public health case for adapting its model to disease areas beyond the initial three focus diseases. In May 2018, the patent pool acted on the results of the feasibility study and expanded its mandate to include other patented essential medicines…

Clinical Therapeutics
July 2019 Volume 41, Issue 7, p1227-1400
http://www.clinicaltherapeutics.com/current

PREVENTION OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: Challenges and Opportunities to Change the Paradigm of Disease Management
Edited by Kevin Dale Deane, Tsang Tommy Cheung

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume 25, Number 8—August 2019
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/

Research
17DD Yellow Fever Revaccination and Heightened Long-Term Immunity in Populations of Disease-Endemic Areas, Brazil [PDF – 2.03 MB – 11 pages]
O. Martins-Filho et al.

Genome Medicine
https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

Editorial
Advancing cancer immunotherapy: a vision for the field
Authors: Noel F. C. C. de Miranda and Zlatko Trajanoski
Citation: Genome Medicine 2019 11:51
Published on: 29 July 2019

Health Policy and Planning
Volume 34, Issue 4, May 2019
https://academic.oup.com/heapol/issue/34/4

Original Articles
Value and effectiveness of National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative study of global and national perspectives
Sadie Bell, Laurence Blanchard, Helen Walls, Sandra Mounier-Jack, Natasha Howard
Health Policy and Planning, Volume 34, Issue 4, May 2019, Pages 271–281, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czz027
Abstract
The Global Vaccine Action Plan proposes that every country establish or have access to a National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) by 2020. The NITAG role is to produce evidence-informed recommendations that incorporate local context, to guide national immunization policies and practice. This study aimed to explore the value and effectiveness of NITAGs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), identifying areas in which NITAGs may require further support to improve their functionality and potential barriers to global investment. A multi-methods study design was used, comprising 134 semi-structured interviews and 82 literature review sources that included 38 countries. Interviews were conducted with 53 global/regional and 81 country-level participants able to provide insight into NITAG effectiveness, including NITAG members, national immunization programme staff, and global agency representatives (e.g. the World Health Organisation, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Gavi the Vaccine Alliance). The review, including published and unpublished sources on NITAGs in LMICs, was conducted to supplement and corroborate interview findings. Data were analysed thematically. NITAGs were described as valuable in promoting evidence-informed vaccination decision-making, with NITAG involvement enhancing national immunization programme strength and sustainability. Challenges to NITAG effectiveness included: (1) unreliable funding; (2) insufficient diversity of member expertise; (3) inadequate conflicts of interest management procedures; (4) insufficient capacity to access and use evidence; (5) lack of transparency; and (6) limited integration with national decision-making processes that reduced the recognition and incorporation of NITAG recommendations. LMIC NITAGs have developed significantly in the past decade. Well-functioning NITAGs were trusted national resources that enhanced country ownership of immunization provision. However, many LMIC NITAGs require additional technical and funding support to strengthen quality and effectiveness, while maintaining impartiality and ensuring sufficient integration with national decision-making processes. Barriers to sustainable global support need to be addressed for LMIC NITAGs to both continue and develop further.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Special Issues: HPV vaccination: from seroprevalence to public health policy and everything in between
[80+ articles in edition focused on NPV vaccine; sample articles be]ow]
Article
There’s Much Yet to be Done: Diverse Perspectives on HPV Vaccination
Gregory D. Zimet & Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
Pages: 1459-1464
Published online: 31 Jul 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
A systematic literature review to examine the potential for social media to impact HPV vaccine uptake and awareness, knowledge, and attitudes about HPV and HPV vaccination
Rebecca R. Ortiz, Andrea Smith & Tamera Coyne-Beasley
Pages: 1465-1475
Published online: 11 Apr 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Insights on HPV vaccination in the United States from mothers’ comments on Facebook posts in a randomized trial
David B. Buller, Barbara J. Walkosz, Julia Berteletti, Sherry L. Pagoto, Jessica Bibeau, Katie Baker, Joel Hillhouse & Kimberly L. Henry
Pages: 1479-1487
Published online: 11 Jul 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
State statutes and regulations related to human papillomavirus vaccination
Aila Hoss, Beth E. Meyerson & Gregory D. Zimet
Pages: 1519-1526
Published online: 02 Jul 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Current issues facing the introduction of human papillomavirus vaccine in China and future prospects
Li Ping Wong, Liyuan Han, Hui Li, Jinshun Zhao, Qinjian Zhao & Gregory D. Zimet
Pages: 1533-1540
Published online: 16 Jul 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Should female sex workers be offered HPV vaccination?
Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff, Alex Vorsters, Elske Marra, Pierre Van Damme & Arjan Hogewoning
Pages: 1544-1548
Published online: 07 May 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
A quality improvement education initiative to increase adolescent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine completion rates
Cynthia A Bonville, Joseph B Domachowske & Manika Suryadevara
Pages: 1570-1576
Published online: 26 Jun 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 15, Issue 7-8, 2019
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
HPV vaccination in a context of public mistrust and uncertainty: a systematic literature review of determinants of HPV vaccine hesitancy in Europe
Emilie Karafillakis, Clarissa Simas, Caitlin Jarrett, Pierre Verger, Patrick Peretti-Watel, Fadia Dib, Stefania De Angelis, Judit Takacs, Karam Adel Ali, Lucia Pastore Celentano & Heidi Larson
Pages: 1615-1627
Published online: 20 Feb 2019

International Journal of Epidemiology
Volume 48, Issue 3, June 2019
https://academic.oup.com/ije/issue/48/3

Special theme: Mendelian randomization
Editorials
How humans can contribute to Mendelian randomization analyses
Stephen Burgess, George Davey Smith
International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 48, Issue 3, June 2019, Pages 661–664, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz152

Journal of Development Economics
Volume 140 Pages 1-374 (September 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-development-economics/vol/140/suppl/C

Research article Abstract only
Regression discontinuity analysis of Gavi’s impact on vaccination rates
Sarah Dykstra, Amanda Glassman, Charles Kenny, Justin Sandefur
Pages 12-25
Abstract
Since 2001, an aid consortium known as Gavi has accounted for over half of vaccines purchased in the 75 eligible countries with an initial GNI below $1,000 per capita. Regression discontinuity estimates suggest most aid for cheap, existing vaccines like hepatitis B and DPT was inframarginal: for instance, hepatitis B doses sufficient to vaccinate roughly 75% of infants raised vaccination rates by single-digit margins. These results are driven by middle-income countries near the eligibility threshold, and do not preclude larger gains for the poorest countries, global externalities via vaccine markets, or impacts on newer vaccines such as pneumococcal or rotavirus for which income eligibility rules were relaxed.

Lancet Global Health
Aug 2019 Volume 7Number 8e979-e1146
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current

Editorial
SRHR: unmet needs and unfinished agendas
The Lancet Global Health

Lancet Global Health
Aug 2019 Volume 7Number 8e979-e1146
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current

Comment
A new vision for bioethics training in global health
Matthew DeCamp, Anna Kalbarczyk,Yukari C Manabe,Nelson K Sewankambo

Lancet Infectious Diseases
Aug 2019 Volume 19 Number 8 p789-914, e259-e300
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Editorial
Rinderpest, smallpox, and the imperative of destruction
The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Lancet Infectious Diseases
Aug 2019 Volume 19 Number 8 p789-914, e259-e300
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Comment
Malaria vaccination and rebound malaria
Alassane Dicko, Brian Greenwood

Lancet Infectious Diseases
Aug 2019 Volume 19 Number 8 p789-914, e259-e300
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Articles
Long-term incidence of severe malaria following RTS,S/AS01 vaccination in children and infants in Africa: an open-label 3-year extension study of a phase 3 randomised controlled trial
Halidou Tinto, Walter Otieno, Samwel Gesase, Hermann Sorgho, Lucas Otieno, Edwin Liheluka, Innocent Valéa, Valentine Sing’oei, Anangisye Malabeja, Daniel Valia, Anne Wangwe, Emilia Gvozdenovic, Yolanda Guerra Mendoza, Erik Jongert, Marc Lievens, François Roman, Lode Schuerman, John Lusingu

Lancet Infectious Diseases
Aug 2019 Volume 19 Number 8 p789-914, e259-e300
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Historical Review
Standing on the shoulders of giants: two centuries of struggle against meningococcal disease
Pere Domingo, Virginia Pomar, Albert Mauri, Nicolau Barquet

Lancet Infectious Diseases
Aug 2019 Volume 19 Number 8 p789-914, e259-e300
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

Personal View
The UK’s pandemic influenza research portfolio: a model for future research on emerging infections
Colin R Simpson, Dan Beever, Kirsty Challen, Daniela De Angelis, Ellen Fragaszy, Steve Goodacre, Andrew Hayward, Wei Shen Lim, G James Rubin, Malcolm G Semple, Marian Knight
on behalf of the NIHR hibernated influenza studies collaborative group

Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Aug 2019 Volume 7 Number 8 p639-720, e23-e25
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/issue/current

Editorial
Fetal tissue research: focus on the science and not the politics
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Aug 2019 Volume 7 Number 8 p639-720, e23-e25
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/issue/current

Comment
Live attenuated influenza vaccines for African children
Cheryl Cohen, Sheena G Sullivan

Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Aug 2019 Volume 7 Number 8 p639-720, e23-e25
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/issue/current

Articles
Effect of a Russian-backbone live-attenuated influenza vaccine with an updated pandemic H1N1 strain on shedding and immunogenicity among children in The Gambia: an open-label, observational, phase 4 study
Benjamin B Lindsey, et al.

Nature
Volume 572 Issue 7767, 1 August 2019
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Editorial | 31 July 2019
Time to discuss consent in digital-data studies
Anonymized data sets are growing and it is becoming easier to identify individuals. Research-consent procedures must be updated to protect people from being targeted.

Nature Biotechnology
Volume 37 Issue 8, August 2019
https://www.nature.com/nbt/volumes/37/issues/8

Editorial | 02 August 2019
Climate of fear
Heavy-handed targeting of ethnic Chinese researchers, students and investors by US funding, intelligence and immigration agencies poses a threat to the American life-sciences sector.

New England Journal of Medicine
August 1, 2019 Vol. 381 No. 5
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Original Articles
Immunogenicity of Fractional-Dose Vaccine during a Yellow Fever Outbreak — Final Report
R.M. Casey and Others
Conclusions
A fractional dose of the 17DD yellow fever vaccine was effective at inducing seroconversion in participants who were seronegative at baseline. Titers remained above the threshold for seropositivity at 1 year after vaccination in nearly all participants who were seropositive at 1 month after vaccination. These findings support the use of fractional-dose vaccination for outbreak control. (Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)

New England Journal of Medicine
August 1, 2019 Vol. 381 No. 5
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Review Article
Frontiers in Medicine: Gene Therapy
Katherine A. High, M.D., and Maria G. Roncarolo, M.D.
Those who have followed the gene-therapy field over the decades may be weary of forward-looking positive statements. However, over the past 3 years, six gene-therapy products have been approved for clinical use. This article describes challenges, risks, and advances in gene-therapy clinical research.
Interview with Dr. Katherine A. High on gene therapy for genetic disease. (15:22) Download

Pediatrics
August 2019, VOLUME 144 / ISSUE 2
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/2?current-issue=y

Articles
Office-Based Educational Handout for Influenza Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Vanessa P. Scott, Douglas J. Opel, Jason Reifler, Sharon Rikin, Kalpana Pethe, Angela Barrett, Melissa S. Stockwell
Pediatrics Aug 2019, 144 (2) e20182580; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2580
In this study, we evaluate brief, clinic-based educational interventions for parents versus usual care with receipt of the child influenza vaccine.

PLoS Medicine
http://www.plosmedicine.org/
(Accessed 3 Aug 2019)

Research Article
Competition and price among brand-name drugs in the same class: A systematic review of the evidence
Ameet Sarpatwari, Jonathan DiBello, Marie Zakarian, Mehdi Najafzadeh, Aaron S. Kesselheim
| published 30 Jul 2019 PLOS Medicine
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002872
Abstract
Background
Some experts have proposed combating rising drug prices by promoting brand–brand competition, a situation that is supposed to arise when multiple US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved brand-name products in the same class are indicated for the same condition. However, numerous reports exist of price increases following the introduction of brand-name competition, suggesting that it may not be effective. We performed a systematic literature review of the peer-reviewed health policy and economics literature to better understand the interplay between new drug entry and intraclass drug prices.
Methods and findings
We searched PubMed and EconLit for original studies on brand–brand competition in the US market published in English between January 1990 and April 2019. We performed a qualitative synthesis of each study’s data, recording its primary objective, methodology, and results. We found 10 empirical investigations, with 1 study each on antihypertensives, anti-infectives, central nervous system stimulants for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis, histamine-2 (H2) blockers, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors; 2 studies on cancer medications; and 2 studies on all marketed or new drugs. None of the studies reported that brand–brand competition lowers list prices of existing drugs within a class. The findings of 2 studies suggest that such competition may help restrain how new drug prices are set. Other studies found evidence that brand–brand competition was mediated by the relative quality of competing drugs and the extent to which they are marketed, with safer or more effective new drugs and greater marketing associated with higher intraclass list prices. Our investigation was limited by the studies’ use of list rather than net prices and the age of some of the data.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that policies to promote brand–brand competition in the US pharmaceutical market, such as accelerating approval of non-first-in-class drugs, will likely not result in lower drug list prices absent additional structural reforms.

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

Research Article
Does the availability of influenza vaccine at prenatal care visits and of immediate vaccination improve vaccination coverage of pregnant women?
Vivien Alessandrini, Olivia Anselem, Aude Girault, Laurent Mandelbrot, Dominique Luton, Odile Launay, François Goffinet
Research Article | published 01 Aug 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220705

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

Limited indirect effects of an infant pneumococcal vaccination program in an aging population
Mark van der Linden, Matthias Imöhl, Stephanie Perniciaro
Research Article | published 01 Aug 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220453

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

Determinants of shingles vaccine acceptance in the United Kingdom
Hélène Bricout, Laurence Torcel-Pagnon, Coralie Lecomte, Mariana F. Almas, Ian Matthews, Xiaoyan Lu, Ana Wheelock, Nick Sevdalis
Research Article | published 01 Aug 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220230

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 3 Aug 2019]

The value of bioethical research: A qualitative literature analysis of researchers’ statements
Marcel Mertz, Tobias Fischer, Sabine Salloch
Research Article | published 29 Jul 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220438
Abstract
Introduction
Value and waste in preclinical and clinical research projects are intensively debated in biomedicine at present. Such different aspects as the need for setting objectives and priorities, improving study design, quality of reporting, and problematic incentives of the academic reward system are addressed. While this debate is also fueled by ethical considerations and thus informed by bioethical research, up to now, the field of bioethics lacks a similar extensive debate. Nonetheless, bioethical research should not go unquestioned regarding its scientific or social value. What exactly constitutes the value of bioethical research, however, remains widely unclear so far.
Methods
This explorative study investigated possible value dimensions for bioethical research by conducting a qualitative literature analysis of researchers’ statements about the value of their studies. 40 bioethics articles published 2015 in four relevant journals (The American Journal of Bioethics, Bioethics, BMC Medical Ethics and Journal of Medical Ethics) were analyzed. The value dimensions of “advancing knowledge” (e.g. research results that are relevant for science itself and for further research) and “application” (e.g. increasing applicability of research results in practice) were used as main deductive categories for the analysis. Further subcategories were inductively generated.
Results
The analysis resulted in 62 subcategories representing a wide range of value dimensions for bioethical research. Of these, 45 were subcategories of “advancing knowledge” and 17 of “application”. In 21 articles, no value dimensions related to “application” was found; the remaining 19 articles mentioned “advancing knowledge” as well as “application”. The value dimensions related to “advancing knowledge” were, in general, more fine-grained.
Conclusions
Even though limitations arise regarding the sample, the study revealed a plethora of value dimensions that can inform further debates about what makes bioethical research valuable for science and society. Besides theoretical reflections on the value of bioethics more meta-research in bioethics is needed.

Preventive Medicine
Volume 125 Pages 1-80 (August 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/preventive-medicine/vol/125/suppl/C

Research article Abstract only
Home remedy use and influenza vaccination among African American and white adults: An exploratory study
Jessica L. Gleason, Amelia Jamison, Vicki S. Freimuth, Sandra Crouse Quinn
Pages 19-23

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Special Issue – CRISPR in China
Feature
China’s CRISPR revolution
By Jon Cohen
Science02 Aug 2019 : 420-421 Full Access
Editing of plant, animal, and human genomes has never been easier, as this country’s scientists are rapidly demonstrating.

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

Fields of dreams
By Jon Cohen
Science02 Aug 2019 : 422-425 Full Access
China bets big on genome editing of crops.

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

The CRISPR animal kingdom
By Jon Cohen
Science02 Aug 2019 : 426-429 Full Access
China has used the genome editor more aggressively, on more species, than any other country.

Science
02 August 2019 Vol 365, Issue 6452
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
Special Issue – CRISPR in China

Inside the circle of trust
By Jon Cohen

Science02 Aug 2019 : 430-437 Full Access
The scientist who created the first gene-edited babies did not hide his plans from all—but regulations and colleagues failed to stop him.