Monthly Archives: June 2021

Measuring the Success of the US COVID-19 Vaccine Campaign—It’s Time to Invest in and Strengthen Immunization Information Systems

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American Journal of Public Health
June 2021 111(6)
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/toc/ajph/current

 

Measuring the Success of the US COVID-19 Vaccine Campaign—It’s Time to Invest in and Strengthen Immunization Information Systems
Immunization/Vaccines
Jade Benjamin-Chung and Arthur Reingold
111(6), pp. 1078–108

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: an overview of systematic reviews

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BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 5 Jun 2021)

 

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: an overview of systematic reviews
Navigating the rapidly growing body of scientific literature on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is challenging, and ongoing critical appraisal of this output is essential. We aimed to summarize and critically appraise…
Authors: Israel Júnior Borges do Nascimento, Dónal P. O’Mathúna, Thilo Caspar von Groote, Hebatullah Mohamed Abdulazeem, Ishanka Weerasekara, Ana Marusic, Livia Puljak, Vinicius Tassoni Civile, Irena Zakarija-Grkovic, Tina Poklepovic Pericic, Alvaro Nagib Atallah, Santino Filoso, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi and Milena Soriano Marcolino
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:525
Content type: Research article
Published on: 4 June 2021

Ethical factors determining ECMO allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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BMC Medical Ethics
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcmedethics/content
(Accessed 5 Jun 2021)

 

Ethical factors determining ECMO allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bernadine Dao, Julian Savulescu, Jacky Y. Suen, John F. Fraser and Dominic J. C. Wilkinson
Content type: Research [Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an advanced medical technique that provides support for patients with severe cardiac or respiratory failure, refractory to standard measures.]
1 June 2021

Covid-19 and non-communicable diseases: evidence from a systematic literature review

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BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 5 Jun 2021)

 

Covid-19 and non-communicable diseases: evidence from a systematic literature review
Since early 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has engulfed the world. Amidst the growing number of infections and deaths, there has been an emphasis of patients with non-communicable diseases as they are particularl…
Authors: Zlatko Nikoloski, Ada Mohammed Alqunaibet, Rasha Abdulrahman Alfawaz, Sami Saeed Almudarra, Christopher H. Herbst, Sameh El-Saharty, Reem Alsukait and Abdullah Algwizani
Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:1068
Content type: Research
Published on: 5 June 2021

Intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine: results from a population-based survey in Canada

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BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 5 Jun 2021)

 

Intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine: results from a population-based survey in Canada
The success of any COVID-19 vaccine program ultimately depends on high vaccine uptake. This study determined overall intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and identified factors that predict intentions to be…
Authors: Gina S. Ogilvie, Shanlea Gordon, Laurie W. Smith, Arianne Albert, C. Sarai Racey, Amy Booth, Anna Gottschlich, David Goldfarb, Melanie C. M. Murray, Liisa A. M. Galea, Angela Kaida, Lori A. Brotto and Manish Sadarangani
Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:1017
Content type: Research
Published on: 29 May 2021

Using infographics to improve trust in science: a randomized pilot test

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BMC Research Notes
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcresnotes/content
(Accessed 5 Jun 2021)

 

Using infographics to improve trust in science: a randomized pilot test
This study describes the iterative process of selecting an infographic for use in a large, randomized trial related to trust in science, COVID-19 misinformation, and behavioral intentions for non-pharmaceutica…
Authors: Jon Agley, Yunyu Xiao, Esi E. Thompson and Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo
Citation: BMC Research Notes 2021 14:210
Content type: Research note
Published on: 29 May 2021

Inequitable COVID-19 vaccine distribution and its effects

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Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 99, Number 6, June 2021, 405-476
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/99/6/en/

 

EDITORIALS
Inequitable COVID-19 vaccine distribution and its effects
— Adnan A Hyder, Maryam A Hyder, Khurram Nasir & Paul Ndebele
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.21.285616
The scientific community has succeeded in producing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in record time; however, some countries are just receiving their first doses while others, such as the United States of America, have had vaccines since December 2020. The gap between available vaccines and vaccinated people raises concerns around production of vaccines, rates of vaccination, coordination between agencies, vaccine hesitancy and global health equity. We propose that the approach to COVID-19 vaccination needs to address key ethical and social justice concerns.

We believe that four issues are key to understanding current challenges to COVID-19 vaccination. First, vaccines have historically led to positive outcomes for the poor, but not without good stewardship. Vaccines have health and economic effects that help the poor, such as improving productivity, reducing severity of disease and costs, and promoting physical and mental health.1,2 However, the global uptake of vaccines has often been higher in richer segments of society compared to the poor, especially in the initial stages of rollout. National governments and international actors need good stewardship to monitor and course correct such differential uptake to ensure equity in delivery.3 COVID-19 vaccination programmes need to be pro-poor from the beginning to reduce economic vulnerability of those at higher risk.1,4

Second, COVID-19 has affected some groups more than others, and COVID-19 vaccines should not do the same. The incidence of COVID-19 has been higher, and its severity more acute, in economically disadvantaged, minority and vulnerable populations.5 Widespread racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 infection and mortality is seen with disproportionately higher impact in vulnerable populations.6 These insights provide learning opportunities to inform an equitable vaccination programme; current disparities in procurement of COVID-19 vaccine mean that 90% of people in low- and middle-income countries are unlikely to receive the vaccine in 2021.7 The risk is that vulnerable groups will not receive the vaccine first, or at the right time, and will be the last to be protected, further compounding existing health inequities.

Third, COVID-19 has led to poverty, but vaccines must not do the same. The impact of COVID-19 has been seen across all spectrums of socioeconomic status, yet it affects those in the lower socioeconomic categories in many more ways. The pandemic has led to the deaths of main income earners and to loss of critical jobs, caused families to use up their savings and made the lives of the urban poor harder.6 The true impact of financial burden, for instance in impoverishing health expenditures is yet unknown. For example, with nearly 71% of the United States population not having the option of working from home, the financial implications of restrictions and closed workplaces will be massive in the long term.8

Fourth, vaccination programmes rely on real-time data and COVID-19 vaccine programmes must do the same. National vaccination programmes have always been about managing rollout at scale, and require timely reporting of supply chains, distribution and coverage indicators.9 For example, data on quantities of vaccines supplied by manufacturers and doses administered in each country provide critical benchmarking information for those who implement vaccination programmes and for policy-makers. Dynamic assessments of vaccine programmes are now technologically possible and must be accessible to the population; transparency helps with accountability and builds trust in the vaccine, especially in vulnerable segments of the populace.

We use the issues described above to propose the use of the term vaccine poverty to approach vaccination programmes. First, this term highlights the poverty of vaccination – those needing vaccines do not get them, or do not get them at the right time, representing a health system failure of delivery. Second, the term refers to the poverty caused by lack of vaccines; as long as some population groups remain unprotected, they are liable to contract the disease and succumb to its consequences. Third, the term refers to poverty of allocation, when needed resources have not been optimally allocated to the production and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine.

National and global health systems and their leaders can prevent vaccine poverty. COVID-19 is still a national and international crisis and requires a strong and transparent vaccination programme. The current crisis in India heightens our fears of how vaccine poverty can affect national and local health inequity. Our call to action is to prevent and address vaccine poverty to avoid exacerbating health inequities.

COVID-19: A Catalyst to Accelerate Global Regulatory Transformation

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Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Volume 109, Issue 6 Pages: 1363-1679 June 2021
https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15326535/current

 

Perspective
COVID-19: A Catalyst to Accelerate Global Regulatory Transformation
Jerry Stewart, Peter Honig, Lina AlJuburi, Deborah Autor, Susan Berger, Patrick Brady, Helen Fitton, Carlos Garner, Michael Garvin, Mathias Hukkelhoven, Robert Kowalski, Sandra Milligan, Liza O’Dowd, Edward Reilly, Khyati Roberts, Andrew S. Robertson, Mark Taisey, Roopal Thakkar, Karin Van Baelen, Max Wegner
Pages: 1390-1392
First Published:29 September 2020

Clinical trials in a COVID-19 pandemic: Shared infrastructure for continuous learning in a rapidly changing landscape

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Clinical Trials

Clinical trials in a COVID-19 pandemic: Shared infrastructure for continuous learning in a rapidly changing landscape
Haley Hedlin, Ariadna Garcia, Yingjie Weng, Ziyuan He, Vandana Sundaram, Bryan Bunning, Vidhya Balasubramanian, Kristen Cunanan, Kristopher Kapphahn, Santosh Gummidipundi, Natasha Purington, Mary Boulos, Manisha Desai

 

First Published February 3, 2021; pp. 324–334

Higher COVID-19 mortality in low-income communities in the City of Cape Town – a descriptive ecological study [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

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Gates Open Research
https://gatesopenresearch.org/browse/articles
[Accessed 5 Jun 2021]

 

Research Article metrics AWAITING PEER REVIEW
Higher COVID-19 mortality in low-income communities in the City of Cape Town – a descriptive ecological study [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
Hannah Hussey, Nesbert Zinyakatira, Erna Morden, Muzzammil Ismail, Masudah Paleker, Jamy-Lee Bam, Leslie London, Andrew Boulle, Mary-Ann Davies
Peer Reviewers Invited
Funder Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
PUBLISHED 04 Jun 2021

Advancing precision public health using human genomics: examples from the field and future research opportunities

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Genome Medicine
https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles
[Accessed 5 Jun 2021]

 

Advancing precision public health using human genomics: examples from the field and future research opportunities
Precision public health is a relatively new field that integrates components of precision medicine, such as human genomics research, with public health concepts to help improve population health. Despite inter…
Authors: Megan C. Roberts, Alison E. Fohner, Latrice Landry, Dana Lee Olstad, Amelia K. Smit, Erin Turbitt and Caitlin G. Allen
Citation: Genome Medicine 2021 13:97
Content type: Opinion
Published on: 1 June 2021

Localisation and local humanitarian action

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Humanitarian Exchange Magazine
Number 79, May 2021
https://odihpn.org/magazine/inclusion-of-persons-with-disabilities-in-humanitarian-action-what-now/

 

Localisation and local humanitarian action
by HPN October 2020
The theme of this edition of Humanitarian Exchange is localisation+ and local humanitarian action. Five years ago this week, donors, United Nations (UN) agencies,  non-governmental organisations (NGOs), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) committed within the Grand Bargain to increase multi-year investments in the institutional capacities of local and national responders, and to provide at least 25% of humanitarian funding to them as directly as possible. Since then, there is increasing consensus at policy and normative level, underscored by the Covid-19 pandemic, that local leadership should be supported.  Localisation has gone from a fringe conversation among policy-makers and aid agencies in 2016 to a formal priority under the Grand Bargain. Wider global movements on anti-racism and decolonisation have also brought new momentum to critical reflections on where power, knowledge and capacity reside in the humanitarian system. Yet progress has been slow and major gaps remain between the rhetoric around humanitarian partnerships, funding and coordination and practices on the ground.

Antibody Response to 2-Dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Series in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

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JAMA
June 1, 2021, Vol 325, No. 21, Pages 2133-2218
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/currentissue

 

Research Letter
Antibody Response to 2-Dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Series in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Brian J. Boyarsky, MD, PhD; William A. Werbel, MD; Robin K. Avery, MD; et al.
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2021;325(21):2204-2206. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7489
This follow-up study measures the antibody response following the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in recipients of solid organ transplants.

Overview of the Issue

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Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved (JHCPU)
Volume 32, Number 2, May 2021 Supplement
https://muse.jhu.edu/issue/44396

 

Table of Contents
Overview of the Issue
Kevin B. Johnson, Tiffani J. Bright, Cheryl R. Clark
…The importance of techquity—defined as the strategic development and deployment of technology in health care and health to advance health equity—was even more apparent after the events of 2020. COVID-19 upended access to care and illuminated the impact of structural racism as a cause for a widening gap of access during the pandemic. Black Lives Matter became more than a trending hashtag on Twitter, or a movement resulting in peaceful protests and calls for policy reform: it put additional focus on the issue of race as a social and not a biological construct and called into question the rationale for common practices in health care that were triggered by race. A notable example was the emerging realization that kidney function assessment was tied to race and hardwired into many of our electronic health records. The real-world evidence around our lack of techquity was incontrovertible.
This Supplemental Issue of JHCPU provides articles that describe challenges to techquity, frameworks to improve the role of technology in care, and examples of how technology can transform health, public health, and health care…

Pharmacoeconomics in Africa: needs, prospect and challenges

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice
https://joppp.biomedcentral.com/
[Accessed 5 Jun 2021]

 

Pharmacoeconomics in Africa: needs, prospect and challenges
Authors: Temitope Ben-Ajepe, Ifechukwu Benedict Nwogu, Damilola Quazeem Olaoye, Abdulhafeez Ayodele Mustapha, Theogene Uwizeyimana and Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi
Content type: Commentary
31 May 2021
Abstract
Africa as a continent has experienced a continuous increase in the cost of healthcare as its demands increase. With many of these African countries living below the poverty threshold, Africans continue to die from preventable and curable diseases. Population increases have led to an increase in demands for healthcare, which unfortunately have been met with inequitable distribution of drugs. Hence, the outcomes from healthcare interventions are frequently not maximized. These problems notably call for some economic principles and policies to guide medication selection, procurement, or donation for population prioritization or health insurance. Pharmacoeconomics drives efficient use of scarce or limited resources to maximize healthcare benefits and reduce costs. It also brings to play tools that rate therapy choice based on the quality of life added to the patient after a choice of intervention was made over an alternative. In this paper, we commented on the needs, prospect, and challenges of pharmacoeconomics in Africa.

COVID-19 vaccine passport for safe resumption of travel

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

Editorial
COVID-19 vaccine passport for safe resumption of travel
Androula Pavli, MD, FRACGP, DTM, PhD, FISTM, Helena C Maltezou, MD, PhD, DU
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab079, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab079
The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues despite the implementation of effective restrictive public health measures, including strict travel restrictions. In light of safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19, ‘vaccine passports’, as a temporary recommendation will facilitate resumption of travel.

What can we learn from COVID-19 vaccine R&D in China? A discussion from a public policy perspective

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

Perspectives
What can we learn from COVID-19 vaccine R&D in China? A discussion from a public policy perspective
Yinglian Hu, PhD, Simiao Chen, ScD
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab026, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab026
Given China’s relatively weak innovative and regulatory capacity compared with developed countries, China’s progress on COVID-19 vaccines is especially impressive. We summarize three key lessons from China’s experience with COVID-19 vaccine R&D: (i) set strategic vaccine R&D goals and achieve broad consensus; (ii) strengthen coordination across government agencies and (iii) adopt the state-driven collaborative model.

A million-dose success for Nepal: insights from Nepal’s national vaccine deployment plan against COVID-19

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

A million-dose success for Nepal: insights from Nepal’s national vaccine deployment plan against COVID-19
Suraj Bhattarai, MD, Jaya Dhungana, MN
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab027, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab027

Making sound public health decisions for the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

Making sound public health decisions for the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines
Priyanka, PhD, Om Prakash Choudhary,, PhD, Indraj Singh, MD
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab031, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab031
The universal mitigation of the pandemic triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 relies on successfully implementing a fast-paced immunization program based on an efficient framework encompassing the in-field logistics of the vaccine distribution, coverage and efficacy. The forthcoming challenges and resolution plans for executing the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination have been comprehensively outlined in the present discourse.

What must be done to tackle vaccine hesitancy and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination in migrants?

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

What must be done to tackle vaccine hesitancy and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination in migrants?
Alison F Crawshaw, MSc, Anna Deal, MSc, Kieran Rustage, MPhil, Alice S Forster, PhD, Ines Campos-Matos, MD, PhD …
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab048, https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab048
Migrants have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and emerging evidence suggests they may face barriers to COVID-19 vaccination. Participatory approaches and engagement strategies are urgently needed to strengthen uptake, alongside innovative delivery mechanisms and sharing of best practice, to ensure migrants are better consider within countries’ existing vaccine priority structures.

Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBV152/COVAXIN effectively neutralizes recently emerged B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2

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Journal of Travel Medicine
Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/issue

 

Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBV152/COVAXIN effectively neutralizes recently emerged B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2
Gajanan N Sapkal, PhD, Pragya D Yadav, PhD, Raches Ella, MS, Gururaj R Deshpande, PhD, Rima R Sahay, MD …
Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 28, Issue 4, May 2021, taab051,

Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data

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Lancet Digital Health
Jun 2021 Volume 3 Number 6 e330-e407
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landig/issue/current

 

Articles
Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data
Angela B Brueggemann, et al

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in healthy adults aged 60 years and older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jun 2021 Volume 21 Number 6 p743-888, e141-e181
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in healthy adults aged 60 years and older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial
Zhiwei Wu, et al.

Immunogenicity and safety of a novel ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy infants in The Gambia: a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jun 2021 Volume 21 Number 6 p743-888, e141-e181
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Immunogenicity and safety of a novel ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy infants in The Gambia: a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial
Ed Clarke, et al.
Open Access

Effects of different types of written vaccination information on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK (OCEANS-III): a single-blind, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial

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Lancet Public Health
Jun 2021 Volume 6 Number 6 e346-e433
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/issue/current

 

Articles
Effects of different types of written vaccination information on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK (OCEANS-III): a single-blind, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial
Daniel Freeman, et al.

A global public health convention for the 21st century

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Lancet Public Health
Jun 2021 Volume 6 Number 6 e346-e433
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/issue/current

 

Health Policy
A global public health convention for the 21st century
Johnathan H Duff, et al
Summary
As shown by COVID-19, infectious diseases with a pandemic potential present a grave threat to health and wellbeing. Although the International Health Regulations provide a framework of binding legal obligations for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, many countries do not comply with these regulations. There is a need for a renewed framework for global collective action that ensures conformity with international regulations and promotes effective prevention and response to pandemic infectious diseases. This Health Policy identifies the necessary characteristics for a new global public health security convention designed to optimise prevention, preparedness, and response to pandemic infectious diseases. We propose ten recommendations to strengthen global public health governance and promote compliance with global health security regulations. Recommendations for a new global public health security convention include greater authority for a global governing body, an improved ability to respond to pandemics, an objective evaluation system for national core public health capacities, more effective enforcement mechanisms, independent and sustainable funding, representativeness, and investment from multiple sectors, among others. The next steps to achieve these recommendations include assembling an invested alliance, specifying the operational structures of a global public health security system, and overcoming barriers such as insufficient political will, scarcity of resources, and individual national interests.

Will SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern affect the promise of vaccines?

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Nature Reviews Immunology
Volume 21 Issue 6, June 2021
https://www.nature.com/nri/volumes/21/issues/6

 

Comment | 29 April 2021
Will SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern affect the promise of vaccines?
This Comment discusses how the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern could impact on the hopes of long-term pandemic control through vaccination and the mutations that might be relevant to the design of modified vaccines.
Ravindra K. Gupta

Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection

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Nature Reviews Immunology
Volume 21 Issue 6, June 2021
https://www.nature.com/nri/volumes/21/issues/6

 

Perspective | 29 April 2021
Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection
The duration of immunity to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from prior infection and longer-term risk of reinfection are currently unclear. Cromer and colleagues discuss the immune control of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the implications of this for the future control of the pandemic.
Deborah Cromer, Jennifer A. Juno, Miles P. Davenport

ENABLE: an engine for European antibacterial drug discovery and development

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Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Volume 20 Issue 6, June 2021
https://www.nature.com/nrd/volumes/20/issues/6

 

Comment | 04 May 2021
ENABLE: an engine for European antibacterial drug discovery and development
ENABLE is an antibacterial drug discovery and development consortium formed as a public–private partnership in 2014 as part of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) New Drugs for Bad Bugs (ND4BB) programme. With the project soon ending, here we provide a brief overview and reflect on its achievements, strengths and weaknesses.
Marie Olliver, Laura Griestop, Anders Karlén

Emerging concepts in the science of vaccine adjuvants

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Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Volume 20 Issue 6, June 2021
https://www.nature.com/nrd/volumes/20/issues/6

 

Review Article | 06 April 2021
Emerging concepts in the science of vaccine adjuvants
This Review discusses how recent advances in understanding the activation of the innate immune system are shedding light on the immunological mechanisms of action of adjuvants and highlights how systems-based approaches are beginning to revitalize adjuvant design and development.
Bali Pulendran, Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Derek T. O’Hagan