A year of terror and a century of reflection: perspectives on the great influenza pandemic of 1918–1919

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BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 9 Feb 2019)

Review
A year of terror and a century of reflection: perspectives on the great influenza pandemic of 1918–1919
In the spring of 1918, the “War to End All Wars”, which would ultimately claim more than 37 million lives, had entered into its final year and would change the global political and economic landscape forever. …
Authors: Michaela E. Nickol and Jason Kindrachuk
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:117
Published on: 6 February 2019

The impact of childhood varicella vaccination on the incidence of herpes zoster in the general population: modelling the effect of exogenous and endogenous varicella-zoster virus immunity boosting

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BMC Infectious Diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/content
(Accessed 9 Feb 2019)

Research article
The impact of childhood varicella vaccination on the incidence of herpes zoster in the general population: modelling the effect of exogenous and endogenous varicella-zoster virus immunity boosting
A controversy exists about the potential effect of childhood varicella vaccination on Herpes Zoster (HZ) incidence. Mathematical models projected temporary HZ incidence increase after vaccine introduction that…
Authors: Christophe Sauboin, Katsiaryna Holl, Paolo Bonanni, Anne A. Gershon, Bernd Benninghoff, Stephane Carryn, Margaret A. Burgess and Peter Wutzler
Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:126
Published on: 6 February 2019

 

Heterogeneities in dengue spatial-temporal transmission in Brazilian cities and its influence on the optimal age of vaccination

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BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 9 Feb 2019)

Research article
Heterogeneities in dengue spatial-temporal transmission in Brazilian cities and its influence on the optimal age of vaccination
The development of a safe and effective vaccine is considered crucial for dengue transmission control since vetor control has been failed; some potential candidates are currently in test, and in this context t…
Authors: Luciana L. Cardim, Suani T. R. Pinho, M. Gloria Teixeira, M. Conceição N. Costa, M. Lourdes Esteva and Claudia P. Ferreira
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:155
Published on: 6 February 2019

Promoting vaccination in the province of Québec: the PromoVaQ randomized controlled trial protocol

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BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 9 Feb 2019)

Study protocol
Promoting vaccination in the province of Québec: the PromoVaQ randomized controlled trial protocol
Vaccination has a huge public health impact. Maintaining vaccine coverage is key to avoid the devastating consequences of resurgence. In the Province of Québec, vaccine coverage in young children are sub-optim…
Authors: Arnaud Gagneur, Caroline Quach, François D. Boucher, Bruce Tapiero, Philippe De Wals, Anne Farrands, Thomas Lemaitre, Nicole Boulianne, Chantal Sauvageau, Manale Ouakki, Virginie Gosselin, Dominique Gagnon, Geneviève Petit, Marie-Claude Jacques and Ève Dubé
Citation: BMC Public Health 2019 19:160
Published on: 6 February 2019

New Challenges and Unresolved Issues

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Ethics & Human Research
Volume 41, Issue 1  January-February 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/25782363

New Challenges and Unresolved Issues
The inaugural issue of Ethics & Human Research (E&HR) marks an exciting milestone in The Hastings Centers’ 40‐year history of publishing a journal that focuses on the ethical, regulatory, and policy issues related to research with humans. Like its predecessor, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, E&HR will publish conceptual and empirical analyses on a wide range of topics related to the human research enterprise.
The journal’s name change conveys to the global community of authors and readers that E&HR is not solely about issues related to institutional review boards (IRBs) in the United States. The title shift provides an opportunity to identify new ethical, policy, and regulatory challenges that rapid developments in science, medicine, and regulatory frameworks bring to the conduct and oversight of human subjects research in the United States and elsewhere. Along with publishing work that investigates new challenges, E&HR aims not only to draw attention to unresolved issues but also to broaden the scope of issues for investigation and analysis in the field of human research ethics. The pieces in this inaugural issue identify several new challenges and hint at some of the unresolved issues and broader topics that merit further attention.

Health System Approaches Are Needed To Expand Telemedicine Use Across Nine Latin American Nations

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Health Affairs
Vol. 38 , No. 2  February 2019
https://www.healthaffairs.org/toc/hlthaff/current
Hospitals, Health IT & More

Research Article   Global Health Policy
Health System Approaches Are Needed To Expand Telemedicine Use Across Nine Latin American Nations
Cynthia M. LeRouge, Manjul Gupta, Guillaume Corpart, and Alejandro Arrieta

Impact Of The Priority Review Voucher Program On Drug Development For Rare Pediatric Diseases

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Health Affairs
Vol. 38 , No. 2  February 2019
https://www.healthaffairs.org/toc/hlthaff/current
Hospitals, Health IT & More

Research Article  Pharmaceuticals & Medical Technology
Impact Of The Priority Review Voucher Program On Drug Development For Rare Pediatric Diseases
Thomas J. Hwang, Florence T. Bourgeois, Jessica M. Franklin, and Aaron S. Kesselheim
 

 

Evidence map of knowledge translation strategies, outcomes, facilitators and barriers in African health systems

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Health Research Policy and Systems
http://www.health-policy-systems.com/content
[Accessed 9 Feb 2019]

Review
Evidence map of knowledge translation strategies, outcomes, facilitators and barriers in African health systems
The need for research-based knowledge to inform health policy formulation and implementation is a chronic global concern impacting health systems functioning and impeding the provision of quality healthcare fo…
Authors: Amanda Edwards, Virginia Zweigenthal and Jill Olivier
Citation: Health Research Policy and Systems 2019 17:16
Published on: 7 February 2019

Communication and community engagement in humanitarian response

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Humanitarian Exchange Magazine
Number 74,  February 2019
https://odihpn.org/magazine/communication-community-engagement-humanitarian-response/

Communication and community engagement in humanitarian response
This edition of Humanitarian Exchange, co-edited with Charles-Antoine Hofmann from the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), focuses on communication and community engagement. Despite promising progress, coherent and coordinated information is still not provided systematically to affected communities, and humanitarian responses take insufficient account of the views and feedback of affected people. In 2017, UNICEF, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and other partners came together under the auspices of the Communicating with Disaster Affected Communities (CDAC) Network to establish the Communication and Community Engagement (CCE) initiative, which aims to organise a collective service for communications and community engagement. The articles in this edition take stock of efforts to implement this initiative.

Drawing on lessons from 23 Peer 2 Peer Support missions, Alice Chatelet and Meg Sattler look at what’s needed to integrate CCE into the humanitarian architecture. Viviane Lucia Fluck and Dustin Barter discuss the institutional and practical barriers to implementing community feedback mechanisms. Bronwyn Russel analyses the performance of the Nepal inter-agency common feedback project; Justus Olielo and Charles-Antoine Hofmann outline the challenges of establishing common services in Yemen; and Gil Francis Arevalo reports on community engagement in preparedness and response in the Philippines. Ian McClelland and Frances Hill discuss emerging findings from a strategic partnership in the Philippines between the Humanitarian Innovation Fund and the Asian Disaster Reduction and Response Network.

Charlotte Lancaster describes how call centres in Afghanistan and Iraq are enhancing two-way communication with crisis-affected people. Mia Marzotto from Translators without Borders reflects on the importance of language and translation in communication and community engagement, and Ombretta Baggio and colleagues report on efforts to bring community perspectives into decision-making during an Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Ayo Degett highlights emerging findings from a Danish Refugee Council project on participation in humanitarian settings, and Jeff Carmel and Nick van Praag report on the Listen Learn Act (LLA) project. Geneviève Cyvoct and Alexandra T. Warner write on an innovative common platform to track the views of affected people in Chad. The edition ends with an article by Stewart Davies on collective accountability in the response to the Central Sulawesi earthquake.

Modernizing Clinical Trials for Patients With Cancer

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JAMA
February 5, 2019, Vol 321, No. 5, Pages 423-520
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Evolving Issues in Oncology
Modernizing Clinical Trials for Patients With Cancer
Norman E. Sharpless, MD; James H. Doroshow, MD
JAMA. 2019;321(5):447-448. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.18938
In this Viewpoint, directors at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) review reforms to the NCI clinical trials program, including use of historical controls and aggregating data from existing trials to improve trial efficiency, focusing on rare cancers that industry may overlook, enrolling patients based on molecular alterations instead of disease type, and establishing research facilities in underserved communities.

Acute Flaccid Myelitis—Keys to Diagnosis, Questions About Treatment, and Future Directions

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JAMA Pediatrics
February 2019, Vol 173, No. 2, Pages 115-204
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Acute Flaccid Myelitis—Keys to Diagnosis, Questions About Treatment, and Future Directions
Sarah E. Hopkins, MD, MSPH; Matthew J. Elrick, MD, PhD; Kevin Messacar, MD
JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(2):117-118. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.4896
This Viewpoint describes epidemiological and clinical attributes of acute flaccid myelitis and suggests approaches to diagnosis and research.

New York City Childcare Influenza Vaccine Mandate

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JAMA Pediatrics
February 2019, Vol 173, No. 2, Pages 115-204
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
New York City Childcare Influenza Vaccine Mandate

  1. Tony Yang, ScD, LLM, MPH; James Colgrove, PhD, MPH

JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(2):119-120. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.4220
This Viewpoint analyzes the justification and legal issues for mandatory annual influenza vaccination among infants and children aged 6 months to 59 months in childcare and educational institutions in New York City.

Lessons From California’s Discipline of a Popular Physician for Vaccination Exemptions Without Medical Cause

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JAMA Pediatrics
February 2019, Vol 173, No. 2, Pages 115-204
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Viewpoint
Lessons From California’s Discipline of a Popular Physician for Vaccination Exemptions Without Medical Cause
Ross D. Silverman, JD, MPH; Y. Tony Yang, ScD, LLM, MPH
JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(2):121-122. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.3835
This Viewpoint discusses the case of a California physician who received official sanctions for granting a vaccination exemption without medical cause.

 

 

 

Requiring Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for School Entry

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JAMA Pediatrics
February 2019, Vol 173, No. 2, Pages 115-204
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx
Viewpoint

Requiring Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for School Entry
Michelle J. Bayefsky, BA; Lawrence O. Gostin, JD
JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(2):123-124. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.4283
This Viewpoint makes the case for mandating the human papillomavirus vaccination for children to enter school.

A programmatic approach to sustained evidence-based practice

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JBI Database of Systematic Review and Implementation Reports
February 2019 – Volume 17 – Issue 2
http://journals.lww.com/jbisrir/Pages/currenttoc.aspx

EDITORIAL
A programmatic approach to sustained evidence-based practice
Wright, Kylie
JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports. 17(2):126-128, February 2019.
There is worldwide consensus supporting evidence-based practice (EBP) as a key element in the delivery of high quality, safe care and improving patient outcomes. Across healthcare, results from research diffuse slowly into clinical practice, and there is a consistent need to bridge this gap between research and practice.1 There are many challenges involved in closing the research-practice gap, also known as the evidence-practice gap or knowing-doing gap,2-4 and identifying the actions needed to ensure “evidence transfer” and that the best available care and treatment actually reach the patient. Evidence transfer is defined as a process that helps communicate or convey the results of research or evidence, or brings evidence to the forefront so the appropriate information gets into the hands of those who deliver healthcare.5 Frontline clinical nurse consultant (CNC) leaders at Liverpool Hospital have identified evidence transfer as a challenge to address to make a positive difference to patient care…

7th Meeting of the COMET Initiative (VII), Thursday 15th and Friday 16th November 2018, De Rode Hoed, Amsterdam

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Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine
Volume 12, Issue S1  Pages: 1-34  January 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/17565391/current

7th Meeting of the COMET Initiative (VII), Thursday 15th and Friday 16th November 2018, De Rode Hoed, Amsterdam
On the 15th and 16th November 2018, the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Initiative held its seventh international meeting. After success at COMET VI, the COMET meeting returned to De Rode Hoed (The Red Hat) in Amsterdam for their second consecutive meeting. One‐hundred and fifteen participants gathered from around the world, coming from five continents and 18 countries.

Are gender gaps due to evaluations of the applicant or the science? A natural experiment at a national funding agency

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The Lancet
Feb 09, 2019  Volume 393Number 10171p493-610, e6-e28
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Articles
Are gender gaps due to evaluations of the applicant or the science? A natural experiment at a national funding agency
Holly O Witteman, Michael Hendricks, Sharon Straus, Cara Tannenbaum

Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter?

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The Lancet
Feb 09, 2019  Volume 393Number 10171p493-610, e6-e28
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Review
Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter?
Geordan Shannon, Melanie Jansen, Kate Williams, Carlos Cáceres, Angelica Motta, Aloyce Odhiambo, Alie Eleveld, Jenevieve Mannell

More talk than action: gender and ethnic diversity in leading public health universities

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The Lancet
Feb 09, 2019  Volume 393Number 10171p493-610, e6-e28
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Health Policy
More talk than action: gender and ethnic diversity in leading public health universities
Mishal Sameer Khan, Fatim Lakha, Melisa Mei Jin Tan, Shweta Rajkumar Singh, Rina Yu Chin Quek, Emeline Han, See Mieng Tan, Victoria Haldane, Montserrat Gea-Sánchez, Helena Legido-Quigley

A framework for responsibility

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Nature Medicine
Volume 25 Issue 2, February 2019
https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/25/issues/1

Editorial | 06 February 2019
A framework for responsibility
As the world reckons with the news of the first use of genome editing in the human germline, researchers, clinicians, ethicists and policy makers must work across international boundaries to outline a transparent path forward for the responsible translation of this technology in the future.

Risk Compensation and Clinical Decision Making — The Case of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis

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New England Journal of Medicine
February 7, 2019   Vol. 380 No. 6
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

Perspective
Risk Compensation and Clinical Decision Making — The Case of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis
Julia L. Marcus, Ph.D., M.P.H., Kenneth A. Katz, M.D., M.S.C.E., Douglas S. Krakower, M.D.,and Sarah K. Calabrese, Ph.D.
Uptake of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV has been limited for multiple reasons, including low awareness. Clinicians’ concerns that an increased sense of protection will lead to greater risk taking among PrEP users are another important factor.

 

Strategies to increase adoption of animal vaccines by smallholder farmers with focus on neglected diseases and marginalized populations

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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
http://www.plosntds.org/
(Accessed 9 Feb 2019)

Review
Strategies to increase adoption of animal vaccines by smallholder farmers with focus on neglected diseases and marginalized populations
Meritxell Donadeu, Nick Nwankpa, Bernadette Abela-Ridder, Baptiste Dungu
| published 07 Feb 2019 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006989
Abstract
Background
Most smallholder farmers (SHFs) and marginalized populations (MPs) in Africa, Asia, and Latin America depend on livestock for their livelihoods. However, significant numbers of these animals do not achieve their potential, die due to disease, or transmit zoonotic diseases. Existing vaccines could prevent and control some of these diseases, but frequently the vaccines do not reach SHFs, especially MPs, making it necessary for specific vaccine adoption strategies.
Principal findings
Several strategies that have the potential to increase the adoption of animal vaccines by SHFs and MPs have been identified depending on the type of vaccines involved. The strategies differed depending on whether the vaccines were aimed at diseases that cause economic losses, government-controlled diseases, or neglected diseases. The adoption of vaccines for neglected diseases presents a major challenge, because they are mostly for zoonotic diseases that produce few or no clinical signs in the animals, making it more difficult for the farmers to appreciate the value of the vaccines.
Strategies can be aimed at increasing the availability of quality vaccines, so that they are produced in sufficient quantity, or aimed at increasing access and demand by SHFs and/or MPs. Some of the strategies to increase vaccine adoption might not provide a definite solution but might facilitate vaccine uptake by decreasing barriers. These strategies are varied and include technical considerations, policy components, involvement by the private sector (local and international), and innovation.
Conclusions
Several strategies with the potential to reduce livestock morbidity and mortality, or prevent zoonoses in SHFs communities and MPs through vaccination, require the involvement of donors and international organisations to stimulate and facilitate sustainable adoption. This is especially the case for neglected zoonotic diseases. Support for national and regional vaccine manufacturers is also required, especially for vaccines against diseases of interest only in the developing world and public goods.

 

Evaluation of Proactive and Reactive Strategies for Polio Eradication Activities in Pakistan and Afghanistan

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Risk Analysis          
Volume 39, Issue 2  Pages: 291-508   February 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current
Special Issue: Social Science of Automated Driving

Original Research Articles
Evaluation of Proactive and Reactive Strategies for Polio Eradication Activities in Pakistan and Afghanistan
Radboud J. Duintjer Tebbens, Kimberly M. Thompson
Pages: 389-401
First Published: 21 September 2018

Modeling Undetected Live Poliovirus Circulation After Apparent Interruption of Transmission: Pakistan and Afghanistan

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Risk Analysis          
Volume 39, Issue 2  Pages: 291-508   February 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current
Special Issue: Social Science of Automated Driving

Modeling Undetected Live Poliovirus Circulation After Apparent Interruption of Transmission: Pakistan and Afghanistan
Dominika A. Kalkowska, Radboud J. Duintjer Tebbens, Mark A. Pallansch. Kimberly M. Thompson
Pages: 402-413
First Published: 08 October 2018

Environmental Surveillance System Characteristics and Impacts on Confidence About No Undetected Serotype 1 Wild Poliovirus Circulation

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Risk Analysis          
Volume 39, Issue 2  Pages: 291-508   February 2019
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current

Environmental Surveillance System Characteristics and Impacts on Confidence About No Undetected Serotype 1 Wild Poliovirus Circulation
Dominika A. Kalkowska,Radboud J. Duintjer Tebbens, Kimberly M. Thompson
Pages: 414-425
First Published: 21 September 2018

 

Equity of health workforce distribution in Thailand: an implication of concentration index

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Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
Volume 11, 2018
https://www.dovepress.com/risk-management-and-healthcare-policy-archive56

Original Research
Equity of health workforce distribution in Thailand: an implication of concentration index
Witthayapipopsakul W, Cetthakrikul N, Suphanchaimat R, Noree T, Sawaengdee K
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 2019, 12:13-22
Published Date: 5 February 2019
 

The World Health Organisation (WHO) and International Travel and Health: New collaborative, evidence-based and digital directions

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Travel Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Volume 27  Pages 1-142 (January–February 2019)
http://www.travelmedicinejournal.com/

Editorial  Full text access
The World Health Organisation (WHO) and International Travel and Health: New collaborative, evidence-based and digital directions
Corinne Ponce, Carmen Dolea

The current syndemic in Venezuela: Measles, malaria and more co-infections coupled with a breakdown of social and healthcare infrastructure. Quo vadis?

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Travel Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Volume 27  Pages 1-142 (January–February 2019)
http://www.travelmedicinejournal.com/

Editorial  Full text access
The current syndemic in Venezuela: Measles, malaria and more co-infections coupled with a breakdown of social and healthcare infrastructure. Quo vadis?
Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales, José Antonio Suárez, Alejandro Risquez, Lourdes Delgado-Noguera, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
Pages 5-8

National approaches to the vaccination of recently arrived migrants in Europe: A comparative policy analysis across 32 European countries

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Travel Medicine and Infectious Diseases
Volume 27  Pages 1-142 (January–February 2019)
http://www.travelmedicinejournal.com/

Research article   Open access
National approaches to the vaccination of recently arrived migrants in Europe: A comparative policy analysis across 32 European countries
Sofanne J. Ravensbergen, Laura B. Nellums, Sally Hargreaves, Ymkje Stienstra, … Jon S. Friedland
Pages 33-38

Associations between population based voting trends during the 2016 US presidential election and adolescent vaccination rates

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Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 9  Pages 1131-1254 (21 February 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/9

Research article  Abstract only
Associations between population based voting trends during the 2016 US presidential election and adolescent vaccination rates
Manika Suryadevara, Cynthia A. Bonville, Donald A. Cibula, Joseph B. Domachowske, Amar C. Suryadevara
Pages 1160-1167

Measuring vaccine hesitancy, confidence, trust and flu vaccine uptake: Results of a national survey of White and African American adults

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Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 9  Pages 1131-1254 (21 February 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/9

Research article  Abstract only
Measuring vaccine hesitancy, confidence, trust and flu vaccine uptake: Results of a national survey of White and African American adults
Sandra Crouse Quinn, Amelia M. Jamison, Ji An, Gregory R. Hancock, Vicki S. Freimuth
Pages 1168-1173

Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among medical students in Mangalore, India

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Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 9 Pages 1131-1254 (21 February 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/9

Research article  Abstract only
Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among medical students in Mangalore, India
Nandan Padmanabha, Jyoti Ramnath Kini, Anam Anil Alwani, Aashlesha Sardesai
Pages 1174-1181

Vaccination among Medicare-fee-for service beneficiaries: Characteristics and predictors of vaccine receipt, 2014–2017

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Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 9 Pages 1131-1254 (21 February 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/9

Research article  Abstract only
Vaccination among Medicare-fee-for service beneficiaries: Characteristics and predictors of vaccine receipt, 2014–2017
Angela K. Shen, Rob Warnock, Weston Selna, Thomas E. MaCurdy, … Jeffrey A. Kelman
Pages 1194-1201