Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 10, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Feasibility and costs of a targeted cholera vaccination campaign in Ethiopia
Samuel Teshome, Sachin Desai, Jerome H. Kim, Dires Belay & Vittal Mogasale
Pages: 2427-2433
Published online: 10 May 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 10, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Review
Existence and functionality of national immunisation technical advisory groups in Africa from 2010 to 2016
Alison B. Wiyeh, Evanson Z. Sambala, Ntombenhle Ngcobo & Charles S. Wiysonge
Pages: 2447-2451

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 10, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current

Article
Indicated or elective? The association of providers’ words with HPV vaccine receipt
Anny T. Fenton, Terresa J. Eun, Jack A. Clark & Rebecca B. Perkins
Pages: 2503-2509
Published online: 28 Jun 2018

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Vol 5, No 11 (2018)  November 2018
http://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/issue/view/44

Original Research Articles
Knowledge and vaccination status on hepatitis B among the students of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
Sabbir Ahmed, M. Wahidur Rahman, Fahmida Fayeza, Tarana Sharmin
DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184561

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Vol 5, No 11 (2018)  November 2018
http://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/issue/view/44

Outbreak investigation of viral exanthem in Jharkhand, India: an eye opener for surveillance managers and vaccine policy makers
Sahir Pall, Dewesh Kumar
DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184564

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Vol 5, No 11 (2018)  November 2018
http://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/issue/view/44

A study to assess the parent’s knowledge and attitudes on childhood immunization
R. Thirumalai Kumar, M. Kavinprasad
DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184582

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Vol 5, No 11 (2018)  November 2018
http://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/issue/view/44

Review Articles
Vaccines for adults: a review of recent literature
Mahir Ahmed, Bayan Alorinan, Abdullah AlYemni, Mohammed Albakri, Mohamme Alahmari, Ayan Hassan, Abdulaziz Alrahili, Abdullah Alfawzan, Abdulrahman Alazzouni, Abdulaziz Alansari
DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184601

International Journal of Infectious Diseases
November 2018 Volume 76, p1-136
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(18)X0011-3

Original Reports
Rubella virus infections and immune status among pregnant women before the introduction of rubella vaccine in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Yitayih Wondimeneh, Moges Tiruneh, Getachew Ferede, Birhanu Abera, Meseret Workineh, Meseret Birhanie, Belay Tessema
p14–22
Published online: August 27, 2018

International Journal of Infectious Diseases
November 2018 Volume 76, p1-136
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(18)X0011-3

Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in the Russian Federation in 1998–2014
Olga E. Ivanova, Tatyana P. Eremeeva, Nadezhda S. Morozova, Armen K. Shakaryan, Ekaterina A. Korotkova, Liubov I. Kozlovskaya, Olga Y. Baykova, Alexandr Y. Krasota, Anatoly P. Gmyl
p64–69
Published online: September 7, 2018
 

JAMA Pediatrics
November 2018, Vol 172, No. 11, Pages 997-1108
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Original Investigation
Immunogenicity and Safety of Monovalent Acellular Pertussis Vaccine at Birth – A Randomized Clinical Trial
Nicholas Wood, MB, BS, PhD; Terry Nolan, MB, BS, PhD; Helen Marshall, MB, BS, MD; et al.
JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172(11):1045-1052. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.2349
This randomized clinical trial compares IgG antibody responses to vaccine antigens at age 6, 10, 24, and 32 weeks between newborn infants receiving the monovalent acellular pertussis vaccine and the hepatitis B vaccine and those receiving the hepatitis B vaccine alone.

JAMA Pediatrics
November 2018, Vol 172, No. 11, Pages 997-1108
http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/issue.aspx

Editorial
Protecting Infants From Pertussis Disease
Kathryn M. Edwards, MD

Journal of Public Health Management & Practice
November/December 2018 – Volume 24 – Issue 6
https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/pages/currenttoc.aspx

Research Full Report
Public Health Resilience Checklist for High-Consequence Infectious Diseases—Informed by the Domestic Ebola Response in the United States
Sell, Tara Kirk; Shearer, Matthew P.; Meyer, Diane; More
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice. 24(6):510-518, November/December 2018.

Journal of Public Health Management & Practice
November/December 2018 – Volume 24 – Issue 6
https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/pages/currenttoc.aspx

Billing and Volunteers Substantially Reduced School-Located Influenza Vaccination Costs, 2 Oregon Counties, 2010-2011
Patel, Suchita A.; Groom, Holly C.; Cho, Bo-Hyun; More
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice. 24(6):558-566, November/December 2018.

Journal of Public Health Management & Practice
November/December 2018 – Volume 24 – Issue 6
https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/pages/currenttoc.aspx

Practice Brief Report
Public Health Opportunities to Improve Late-Adolescent Immunization
Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Wells, Katelyn B.
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice. 24(6):554-557, November/December 2018.

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Editorial
GBD 2017: a fragile world
The Lancet
Since The Lancet published the first Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) over 10 years ago, every new iteration has brought improvements in data quality and quantity. With the sharpening of these estimates came a reassuring message: year on year, they portrayed an ever-healthier world. Careful reading of the results of GBD 2017 shatter this comforting trend of gradual improvement and instead show plateauing mortality rates on a background of faltering and uneven progress, era-defining epidemics, and dramatic health worker shortages. Instead of the progress updates we have become accustomed to, GBD 2017 comes as an urgent warning signal from a fragile and fragmented world…

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Global Health Metrics
Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 Mortality Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Population and fertility by age and sex for 195 countries and territories, 1950–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 Population and Fertility Collaborators

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016–40 for 195 countries and territories
Kyle J Foreman, Neal Marquez, Andrew Dolgert, Kai Fukutaki, Nancy Fullman, Madeline McGaughey, Martin A Pletcher, Amanda E Smith, Kendrick Tang, Chun-Wei Yuan, Jonathan C Brown, Joseph Friedman, Jiawei He, Kyle R Heuton, Mollie Holmberg, Disha J Patel, Patrick Reidy, Austin Carter, Kelly Cercy, Abigail Chapin, Dirk Douwes-Schultz, Tahvi Frank, Falko Goettsch, Patrick Y Liu, Vishnu Nandakumar, Marissa B Reitsma, Vince Reuter, Nafis Sadat, Reed J D Sorensen, Vinay Srinivasan, Rachel L Updike, Hunter York, Alan D Lopez, Rafael Lozano, Stephen S Lim, Ali H Mokdad, Stein Emil Vollset, Christopher J L Murray

The Lancet
Nov 10, 2018 Volume 392 Number 10159  p1683-2138  e14-e18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

Measuring progress from 1990 to 2017 and projecting attainment to 2030 of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
GBD 2017 SDG Collaborators

Nature 
Volume 563 Issue 7730, 8 November 2018
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

Editorial | 06 November 2018
Life on Earth to have its DNA analysed in the name of conservation
The Earth BioGenome Project is a welcome effort to sequence the genomes of some 1.35 million species.
An ambitious project launched last week aims to slow the decline in biodiversity by sampling and decoding the DNA of every species of plant and animal on Earth. Called the Earth BioGenome Project, the effort is seeking funding to help it get off the ground. It is asking for US$4.7 billion to sequence all 1.35 million known eukaryotic species — those with a cell nucleus enclosed by a membrane — over the next 10 years….

Nature Medicine
Volume 24 Issue 11, November 2018
https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/24/issues/11

Editorial | 06 November 2018
Confronting conflict of interest
Recent news stories about conflict of interest in biomedical research have shaken up public and private institutions alike, but their focus was on clinical research. Amidst the renewed focus on conflicts of interest in clinical work, let’s not disregard the fact that financial conflicts also pose a concern to basic and preclinical research.

PLoS Medicine
http://www.plosmedicine.org/
(Accessed 10 Nov 2018 )

Perspective
Machine learning in medicine: Addressing ethical challenges
Effy Vayena, Alessandro Blasimme, I. Glenn Cohen
| published 06 Nov 2018 PLOS Medicine
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002689
[Exceprt]
…Conclusions
The clinical use of MLm may transform existing modes of healthcare delivery. MLm will be used in the clinical setting by healthcare professionals, be embedded in smart devices through the internet of things, and be used by patients themselves beyond the clinical setting for disease self-management of chronic conditions. The exponential growth of investment in MLm signals that research is accelerating, and more products may soon be targeting market entry. To merit the trust of patients and adoption by providers, MLm must fully align with data protection requirements, minimize the effects of bias, be effectively regulated, and achieve transparency. Addressing such ethical and regulatory issues as soon as possible is essential for avoiding unnecessary risks and pitfalls that will hinder further progress of MLm.

PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 10 Nov 2018 ]

Research Article
Urban–rural differences in immunisation status and associated demographic factors among children 12-59 months in a southwestern state, Nigeria
Ibidolapo T. Ijarotimi, Akinola A. Fatiregun, Oluwapelumi A. Adebiyi, Olayinka S. Ilesanmi, Olufemi Ajumobi
Research Article | published 05 Nov 2018 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206086

PLoS Pathogens
http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/
[Accessed 10 Nov 2018 ]

Pearls
The calendar of epidemics: Seasonal cycles of infectious diseases
Micaela Elvira Martinez
| published 08 Nov 2018 PLOS Pathogens
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007327

Public Health Ethics
Volume 11, Issue 3, November 2018
http://phe.oxfordjournals.org/content/current

Original Articles
Research and Global Health Emergencies: On the Essential Role of Best Practice
Nayha Sethi
Public Health Ethics, Volume 11, Issue 3, 1 November 2018, Pages 237–250, https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phy014

Public Health Ethics
Volume 11, Issue 3, November 2018
http://phe.oxfordjournals.org/content/current

Clarifying the Right to Health through Supranational Monitoring: The Highest Standard of Health Attainable
Claire Lougarre
Public Health Ethics, Volume 11, Issue 3, 1 November 2018, Pages 251–264, https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phv037

Risk Analysis          
Volume 38, Issue 11  Pages: 2243-2501  November 2018
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current

Perspective
Understanding Compound, Interconnected, Interacting, and Cascading Risks: A Holistic Framework
Gianluca Pescaroli, David Alexander
Pages: 2245-2257
First Published: 15 June 2018
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in research literature on the challenges of interconnected, compound, interacting, and cascading risks. These concepts are becoming ever more central to the resilience debate. They aggregate elements of climate change adaptation, critical infrastructure protection, and societal resilience in the face of complex, high‐impact events. However, despite the potential of these concepts to link together diverse disciplines, scholars and practitioners need to avoid treating them in a superficial or ambiguous manner. Overlapping uses and definitions could generate confusion and lead to the duplication of research effort. This article gives an overview of the state of the art regarding compound, interconnected, interacting, and cascading risks. It is intended to help build a coherent basis for the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR). The main objective is to propose a holistic framework that highlights the complementarities of the four kinds of complex risk in a manner that is designed to support the work of researchers and policymakers. This article suggests how compound, interconnected, interacting, and cascading risks could be used, with little or no redundancy, as inputs to new analyses and decisional tools designed to support the implementation of the SFDRR. The findings can be used to improve policy recommendations and support tools for emergency and crisis management, such as scenario building and impact trees, thus contributing to the achievement of a system‐wide approach to resilience.

Risk Analysis          
Volume 38, Issue 11  Pages: 2243-2501  November 2018
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15396924/current

Original Research Article  Open Access

Children Are Exposed to Fecal Contamination via Multiple Interconnected Pathways: A Network Model for Exposure Assessment
Yuke Wang, Christine L. Moe, Peter F. M. Teunis
Pages: 2478-2496
First Published: 27 July 2018

Science         
09 November 2018  Vol 362, Issue 6415
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

In Depth
Indonesian fatwa causes immunization rates to drop
By Dyna Rochmyaningsih
Science09 Nov 2018 : 628-629 Restricted Access
Clerics declare measles and rubella vaccine made with pork components impure.
Summary
A massive vaccination campaign against measles and rubella in Indonesia is in trouble after the Indonesian Ulama Council in Jakarta issued a fatwa declaring the vaccine “haram,” or forbidden under Islamic law, because pig components are used in its manufacturing. The council ruled that parents could still have their children vaccinated, given the need to protect public health. But many local clerics and confused parents have decided otherwise: The fatwa has led to a drop in vaccination rates, from 95% during the first phase of the campaign, last year on the island of Java, to 68% in the second phase, now in progress on the remaining islands. Public health experts worry the world’s largest Muslim-majority country could see new waves of measles and more miscarriages and birth defects resulting from rubella infections during pregnancy.

Science         
09 November 2018  Vol 362, Issue 6415
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Policy Forum
Whose science? A new era in regulatory “science wars”
By Wendy Wagner, Elizabeth Fisher, Pasky Pascual
Science09 Nov 2018 : 636-639 Full Access
Proposed reforms show a clear break with historical norms
Summary
Good laws need good science; however, good science is never guaranteed. Debate over the use of science in law is nearly as old as the laws themselves. With “science wars” waging in health and environmental regulation for at least three-quarters of a century, it is tempting to conclude that recent proposals for reforming regulatory science are similar to what has occurred in the past. They are not. They mark a sharp departure with the past because they legally constrain how agency scientists conduct the initial literature review and synthesis informing policy. Because the reforms generally take the form of legislation or regulation, they do not simply suggest best practices for conducting scientific analyses but establish legal lines that cannot be crossed. Moreover, even though they create legal ground rules for scientific deliberations, the reforms have not been developed by the scientific community, but by members of Congress and political officials. In providing a birds’-eye view of the legal developments in regulatory science over the past 50 years, we identify just how idiosyncratic these current reforms are and why the scientific community needs to be aware of their implications.

Science         
09 November 2018  Vol 362, Issue 6415
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

Identity inference of genomic data using long-range familial searches
By Yaniv Erlich, Tal Shor, Itsik Pe’er, Shai Carmi
Science09 Nov 2018 : 690-694 Restricted Access
Genetic privacy is difficult to maintain in light of forensic searches of genetic genealogical databases.
Detecting familial matches
Recent advances in DNA technology and companies that provide array-based testing have led to services that collect, share, and analyze volunteered genomic information. Privacy concerns have been raised, especially in light of the use of these services by law enforcement to identify suspects in criminal cases. Testing models of relatedness, Erlich et al. show that many individuals of European ancestry in the United States—even those that have not undergone genetic testing—can be identified on the basis of available genetic information. These results indicate a need for procedures to help maintain genetic privacy for individuals.
Science, this issue p. 690
Abstract
Consumer genomics databases have reached the scale of millions of individuals. Recently, law enforcement authorities have exploited some of these databases to identify suspects via distant familial relatives. Using genomic data of 1.28 million individuals tested with consumer genomics, we investigated the power of this technique. We project that about 60% of the searches for individuals of European descent will result in a third-cousin or closer match, which theoretically allows their identification using demographic identifiers. Moreover, the technique could implicate nearly any U.S. individual of European descent in the near future. We demonstrate that the technique can also identify research participants of a public sequencing project. On the basis of these results, we propose a potential mitigation strategy and policy implications for human subject research.

Tropical Medicine & International Health
Volume 23, Issue 11  Pages: i-iv, 1157-1279  November 2018
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13653156/current

Original Research Papers
How to achieve the global 90‐90‐90 target by 2020 in sub‐Saharan Africa? A mathematical modelling study
Janne Estill, Kimberly Marsh, Christine Autenrieth, Nathan Ford
Pages: 1223-1230
First Published: 29 August 2018

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Review article  Abstract only
Influenza vaccination coverage of population and the factors influencing influenza vaccination in mainland China: A meta-analysis
Qiang Wang, Na Yue, Mengyun Zheng, Donglei Wang, … Hui Jin
Pages 7262-7269

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Research article  Open access
Recommendations to control pertussis prioritized relative to economies: A Global Pertussis Initiative update
Kevin D. Forsyth, Tina Tan, Carl-Heinz Wirsing von König, Ulrich Heininger, … Stanley Plotkin
Pages 7270-7275

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Research article  Open access
Understanding the unique characteristics of seasonal influenza illness to improve vaccine uptake in the US
Rafik Bekkat-Berkani, Luis Romano-Mazzotti
Pages 7276-7285

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Research article  Open access
A framework for research on vaccine effectiveness
Natasha S. Crowcroft, Nicola P. Klein
Pages 7286-7293

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Review article  Abstract only
Childhood full and under-vaccination in Nigeria, 2013
Zoe A. McGavin, Abram L. Wagner, Bradley F. Carlson, Laura E. Power, … Matthew L. Boulton
Pages 7294-7299

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Review article  Abstract only
Communicating and enhancing teachers’ attitudes and understanding of influenza using refutational text
Ashley R. Vaughn, Marcus L. Johnson
Pages 7306-7315

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Review article  Abstract only
Recent vaccine mandates in the United States, Europe and Australia: A comparative study
Katie Attwell, Mark C. Navin, Pier Luigi Lopalco, Christine Jestin, … Saad B. Omer
Pages 7377-7384

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Research article  Open access
Introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine in the Philippines: Effect on health care provider and infant caregiver attitudes and practices
Anna Lena Lopez, Jennifer B. Harris, Peter Francis Raguindin, Josephine Aldaba, … Lee M. Hampton
Pages 7399-7407

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 48   Pages 7257-7438 (19 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/48

Research article  Open access
Vaccines, inspiring innovation in health
Sonia Pagliusi, Maureen Dennehy, Hun Kim, DCVMN AGM Organizing Committee
Pages 7430-7437
 

From Google Scholar & other sources: Selected Journal Articles, Newsletters, Dissertations, Theses, Commentary

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
(E-pub Abstract Ahead of Print)
DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666181105130000
Dengue fever: a worldwide threat An overview of the infection process, environmental factors for global outbreak, diagnostic platforms, and vaccine developments.
S Hosseini, J Oliva-Ramírez, P Vázquez-Villegas…
Abstract:
Current review article focuses on Dengue, which is one of the most fatal infectious illnesses and is considered to be a worldwide threat. The paper covers essential topics including an overview on neglected tropical diseases with specific emphasis on Dengue fever, mosquito’s cycle of life and mechanism of infection, adaptive response, and different stages in Dengue immunopathogenesis. The current work is also dedicated to the thorough study of Dengue outbreak across the globe with narrowed study to tropical and subtropical regions. Moreover, this review article demonstrates the correlation between the climate factors and Dengue incidence. Furthermore, we present an overview on the detection strategies of Dengue including the latest developments in commercial and non-commercial platforms. Several attempts in developing effective vaccine to protect individuals from Dengue infection and the stage of clinical trails are gathered in the present work as well. Future directions including bio-control are also discussed in this review article. In an overall view, effective management of Dengue is a multidisciplinary task that requires international involvement from different backgrounds and expertise to address this global concern. This review article briefly portrays some of these connecting areas across the disciplines while many other perspectives remain uncovered.

Vaccine
Volume 36, Issue 49  Pages 7439-7588 (26 November 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/36/issue/49

Short communication
Conflicts of interest and the (in)dependence of experts advising government on immunization policies
Jean-Christophe Bélisle-Pipon, Louise Ringuette, Anne-Isabelle Cloutier, Victoria Doudenkova, Bryn Williams-Jones
Pages 7439-7444
Highlights
:: Immunization experts’ financial conflicts of interest (COI) may affect public trust.
:: (In)DepScale was developed for assessing experts’ level of (in)dependence.
:: Ad hoc experts have lower levels of independence than statutory members.
:: Most COIs are reported with companies with the highest vaccine sales.
:: (In)DepScale may help immunization committees to manage COIs.
Abstract
There has been increasing attention to financial conflicts of interest (COI) in public health research and policy making, with concerns that some decisions are not in the public interest. One notable problematic area is expert advisory committee (EAC). While COI management has focused on disclosure, it could go further and assess experts’ degree of (in)dependence with commercial interests. We analyzed COI disclosures of members of Québec’s immunization EAC (in Canada) using (In)DepScale, a tool we developed for assessing experts’ level of (in)dependence. We found great variability of independence with industry and that companies with the highest vaccine sales were predominantly associated with disclosed COIs. We argue that EACs can use the (In)DepScale to better assess and disclose the COIs that affect their experts. Going forward our scale could help manage risk and select members who are less conflicted to foster a culture of transparency and trust in advisors and policy-makers.

Media/Policy Watch

This watch section is intended to alert readers to substantive news, analysis and opinion from the general media and selected think tanks and similar organizations on vaccines, immunization, global public health and related themes. Media Watch is not intended to be exhaustive, but indicative of themes and issues CVEP is actively tracking. This section will grow from an initial base of newspapers, magazines and blog sources, and is segregated from Journal Watch above which scans the peer-reviewed journal ecology.

We acknowledge the Western/Northern bias in this initial selection of titles and invite suggestions for expanded coverage. We are conservative in our outlook in adding news sources which largely report on primary content we are already covering above. Many electronic media sources have tiered, fee-based subscription models for access. We will provide full-text where content is published without restriction, but most publications require registration and some subscription level.

 
The Atlantic
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
The Economist
http://www.economist.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
Financial Times
http://www.ft.com/home/uk
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
Foreign Affairs
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
Foreign Policy
http://foreignpolicy.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018  
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
The Guardian
http://www.guardiannews.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
Uganda vaccinates at-risk health workers as Ebola spreads in Congo
Country becomes first to administer vaccine without active outbreak of the deadly disease, in bid to protect 2000 medics close to DRC border.
 
 
New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018

Asia Pacific
Afghanistan Is the World’s Polio Capital. These Afghans Hope to Fix That.
These Afghans Are Trying to Fix That.
10 Novembewr 2018

Africa
U.S. Concerned About Ebola Outbreak in Congo Conflict Zone – Official
8 November 2018
 
UN Vows to Tackle Congo Rebels, Contain Ebola
By The Associated Press
| 7 November 2018

Asia Pacific
Muslim Concern About Vaccine Fuels Thai Measles Outbreak
Health authorities in Thailand are racing to contain a measles outbreak in the country’s southern provinces, where 14 deaths and more than 1,500 cases have been reported since September.
6 November 2018
 
 
Wall Street Journal
http://online.wsj.com/home-page?_wsjregion=na,us&_homepage=/home/us
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]
 
 
Washington Post
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new, unique, relevant content]

Think Tanks et al
 
Brookings
http://www.brookings.edu/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new relevant content]

Center for Global Development  
http://www.cgdev.org/page/press-center
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new relevant content]

CSIS
https://www.csis.org/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
[No new relevant content]

Council on Foreign Relations
http://www.cfr.org/
Accessed 10 Nov 2018
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Milestones :: PerspectivesGlobal Task Force on Cholera Control marks a year of progress toward ending cholera worldwide

GENEVA/ NEW YORK, 30 October 2018 – This month, partners of the Global Task Force on Cholera Control (GTFCC) mark one year since the launch of Ending Cholera: A Global Roadmap to 2030, which targets a 90% reduction in cholera deaths by 2030 and the elimination of cholera in at least 20 countries out of the 47 currently affected.

At the 4 October 2017 launch of the Global Roadmap in Annecy, France, 35 global health and WASH organizations leading the fight against cholera signed the Declaration on Ending Cholera, committing their financial and human resources in support of its implementation in countries.

One year later, the movement to end cholera has made exceptional progress. At least 10 countries are now taking active measures towards cholera control plans in alignment with the Global Roadmap: Bangladesh, Haiti, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Sudan, Uganda, Zambia, the United Republic of Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. In addition, 47 African countries adopted the Regional Framework for the Implementation of the Global Strategy for Cholera Prevention and Control on 28 August at the 68th session of the WHO Regional Committee for Africa.

In May 2018, at the 71st World Health Assembly (WHA), WHO Member States took the extraordinary step of passing a resolution—introduced by the Governments of Zambia and Haiti—committing to implementation of the Global Roadmap, calling for the resources and policy changes necessary to meet the goal.

In line with the Global Roadmap, the Africa Regional Framework and the WHA resolution commit countries to implement evidence-based measures including:

:: mapping of cholera hotspots
:: significant investment in safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)
:: use of oral cholera vaccine
:: enhanced epidemiological and laboratory surveillance
:: improving access to timely treatment
:: promoting community engagement.

Cholera-affected countries demonstrate strong leadership and determination to stop cholera outbreaks

Examples include:

:: The end of the longest cholera outbreak in South Sudan in February 2018 shows it is possible to stop persistent cholera outbreaks in endemic settings, achieving high vaccine coverage even in the context of conflict and instability. The outbreak, which started in June 2016, resulted in 20,000 cases and 436 deaths. South Sudan conducted 38 vaccination campaigns, using a flexible data-driven approach to allocate 2.8 million doses to people living in hotspots as conditions made it possible to reach them.

:: Yemen, the location of the world’s most severe cholera outbreak, saw its first use of Oral Cholera Vaccine in 2018 – a critical step in fighting cholera there. Nearly 700,000 people have already been vaccinated and, another 1.4 million people are expected to receive vaccines in the coming weeks.  However, widespread malnutrition, and destruction of water and sanitation infrastructure will require additional efforts to bring cholera under control in Yemen.

Cholera-affected countries plan a future without cholera by developing multi-sectoral cholera control plans .

:: The Government of Zanzibar, a semi-autonomous part of the United Republic of Tanzania, is ready to the Zanzibar Comprehensive Cholera Elimination Plan (ZACCEP), a costed multi-sectoral cholera elimination plan in alignment with the Global Roadmap, which aims to end cholera by 2027.

The Government of Bangladesh revised its National Program on Diarrheal Diseases Prevention, Management & Control to align it with the Global Roadmap, working with national WASH partners to collectively implement a plan to target elimination by 2030. Introduction of a phased large scale OCV campaign is planned to start in 2019. Professor Abul Kalam Azad, Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, noted that cholera has no place in a country like Bangladesh, which is striving toward middle-income status: “Bangladesh has made huge strides in health outcomes in recent years. It is now time to commit the resources to ensure cholera will no longer be a threat to the people of Bangladesh.”

The Government of Zambia is launching a national multi-sectoral plan, aligned with the Global Roadmap strategy, targeting elimination of cholera by 2025. The response to the October 2017 outbreak triggered strong political engagement. Honorable Chitalu Chilufya, Minister of Health, observed “the government of Zambia has provided exemplary leadership in halting last year’s outbreak, bringing together a well-resourced, multi-sectoral response. With this strong political will and a sound national plan, I am confident that Zambia will be free from cholera by 2025.”

Unprecedented use of Oral Cholera Vaccine in 2018, including the largest cholera vaccination drive in history

As countries voted to pass the WHA resolution, five countries were already preparing for the largest cholera vaccination drive in history. The oral cholera vaccines were sourced from the global stockpile, funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, for five major campaigns in Zambia, Uganda, Malawi, South Sudan and Nigeria. The campaign protected over two million people from the threat of cholera. UNICEF procured 15.2 million doses to 12 countries to date, on top of nearly 10 million doses delivered in 2017. This compares to just 200,000 doses delivered in 2013, when the stockpile was created. OCV is just one tool in a much larger toolbox that includes sustainable safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), but it serves as a critical bridge to these longer-term efforts.

An energized GTFCC partnership supports countries in the fight to #EndCholera

GTFCC partners are taking action on their commitment from October 2017, by aligning their programs with the Global Roadmap and by increasing resources to concretely support cholera control efforts. In partnership with WHO, UNICEF brings strong leadership to the GTFCC working group on Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). In 2018, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) launched the One WASH program, an integrated approach that will support more than 20 cholera-affected countries. Projects are already in start-up phase in Uganda, Ghana, Malawi and Rwanda with an initial commitment of US$2.5 million. The Wellcome Trust and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) issued a call for proposals to support the cholera research agenda. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is providing technical experts in-country upon request, which is a critical allocation of human and other resources in the fight against cholera.