Category Archives: Uncategorized

Urgent call for a global enforcement of the public sharing of health emergencies data: lesson learned from serious arboviral disease epidemics in Sudan

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International Health
Volume 12, Issue 4, July 2020
https://academic.oup.com/inthealth/issue/12/4

 

COMMENTARIES
Urgent call for a global enforcement of the public sharing of health emergencies data: lesson learned from serious arboviral disease epidemics in Sudan
Ayman Ahmed
International Health, Volume 12, Issue 4, July 2020, Pages 238–240, https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz122

 

Artificial intelligence: opportunities and implications for the health workforce

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International Health
Volume 12, Issue 4, July 2020
https://academic.oup.com/inthealth/issue/12/4

 

Artificial intelligence: opportunities and implications for the health workforce
Indrajit Hazarika
International Health, Volume 12, Issue 4, July 2020, Pages 241–245, https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaa007
Abstract
Healthcare involves cyclic data processing to derive meaningful, actionable decisions. Rapid increases in clinical data have added to the occupational stress of healthcare workers, affecting their ability to provide quality and effective services. Health systems have to radically rethink strategies to ensure that staff are satisfied and actively supported in their jobs. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to augment provider performance. This article reviews the available literature to identify AI opportunities that can potentially transform the role of healthcare providers. To leverage AI’s full potential, policymakers, industry, healthcare providers and patients have to address a new set of challenges. Optimizing the benefits of AI will require a balanced approach that enhances accountability and transparency while facilitating innovation.

 

Zoonoses: beyond the human–animal–environment interface

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The Lancet
Jul 04, 2020 Volume 396 Number 10243 p1-70
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current

 

Editorial
Zoonoses: beyond the human–animal–environment interface
The Lancet
…Sounding the alarm about the risk of zoonotic pandemics has largely been the preserve of a handful of scientists and global health experts. Until now. COVID-19 has coalesced the research community around calls for establishing broad transformational change. This pandemic is a sobering warning against exploiting the natural world without pause, and that zoonoses affect not only health but the whole fabric of society. COVID-19 will not be the last, and perhaps not the worst, zoonotic pandemic. Climate change has shown how an existential threat to human civilisation can galvanise a sense of urgency in a whole-of-society response. Tackling zoonoses needs exactly the same.

 

Prioritising children’s rights in the COVID-19 response

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The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
Jul 2020 Volume 4 Number 7 p479-554, e17-e25
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/issue/current

 

Editorial
Prioritising children’s rights in the COVID-19 response
The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
Although substantial progress has been made in many aspects of child health in the past two decades, the COVID-19 pandemic and its wide-ranging effects are threatening some of these hard-won gains. Public health measures such as lockdown, school closures, and restrictions in population movement—while necessary to halt virus transmission—are causing prolonged disruption to societal functioning and exacerbating inequalities worldwide. The global Human Development Index (HDI) is projected to decline this year for the first time since 1990, effectively erasing all progress in human development made in the past 6 years…

 

The European artificial intelligence strategy: implications and challenges for digital health

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Lancet Digital Health
Jul 2020 Volume 2 Number 7 e331-e379
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landig/issue/current

 

Viewpoint
The European artificial intelligence strategy: implications and challenges for digital health
I Glenn Cohen, Theodoros Evgeniou, Sara Gerke, Timo Minssen
Summary
In February, 2020, the European Commission published a white paper on artificial intelligence (AI) as well as an accompanying communication and report. The paper sets out policy options to facilitate a secure and trustworthy development of AI and considers health to be one of its most important areas of application. We illustrate that the European Commission’s approach, as applied to medical AI, presents some challenges that can be detrimental if not addressed. In particular, we discuss the issues of European values and European data, the update problem of AI systems, and the challenges of new trade-offs such as privacy, cybersecurity, accuracy, and intellectual property rights. We also outline what we view as the most important next steps in the Commission’s iterative process. Although the European Commission has done good work in setting out a European approach for AI, we conclude that this approach will be more difficult to implement in health care. It will require careful balancing of core values, detailed consideration of nuances of health and AI technologies, and a keen eye on the political winds and global competition.

 

A wake-up call: COVID-19 and its impact on children’s health and wellbeing

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Lancet Global Health
Jul 2020 Volume 8 Number 7 e860-e972
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current

 

Comment
A wake-up call: COVID-19 and its impact on children’s health and wellbeing
Henrietta H Fore, Executive Director, UNICEF
As cases of COVID-19 surge worldwide and threaten to overwhelm life-saving health services, the survival of mothers and children is at great risk.

In The Lancet Global Health, Timothy Roberton and colleagues1 present startling new evidence on the potential rise in maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries if essential health services are disrupted as a result of COVID-19. Building on lessons learned from previous outbreaks of Ebola virus disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the authors estimate a devastating increase in the numbers of maternal and child deaths resulting from reductions in routine health service coverage.

Left unchecked, these reductions (due to, for example, disruptions in medical supply chains or the availability of human and financial resources) along with declines in the uptake of health services by communities fearful of infection will be more catastrophic for mothers and children than COVID-19 itself. The projection of an additional 1·2 million child deaths and 56 700 maternal deaths in 118 countries if coverage of essential services drops by around 45% for 6 months is alarming. It is also avoidable if we act now.

These findings reinforce the multi-part approach that UNICEF has adopted from the start of the outbreak.2 First, we are working to prevent COVID-19 transmission and treat those who fall sick. Second, we are working to address the effects of the policy responses aimed at containing the spread, including maintaining routine health services for all children and mothers, ensuring continuity of learning, keeping mothers and children safe and protected from violence, and scaling up social protections to keep children and their families afloat. Third, we are working to strengthen the systems that underpin all of these services…

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Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study

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Lancet Global Health
Jul 2020 Volume 8 Number 7 e860-e972
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current

 

Articles
Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study
While the COVID-19 pandemic will increase mortality due to the virus, it is also likely to increase mortality indirectly. In this study, we estimate the additional maternal and under-5 child deaths resulting from the potential disruption of health systems and decreased access to food…Our estimates are based on tentative assumptions and represent a wide range of outcomes. Nonetheless, they show that, if routine health care is disrupted and access to food is decreased (as a result of unavoidable shocks, health system collapse, or intentional choices made in responding to the pandemic), the increase in child and maternal deaths will be devastating. We hope these numbers add context as policy makers establish guidelines and allocate resources in the days and months to come.
Timothy Roberton, Emily D Carter, Victoria B Chou, Angela R Stegmuller, Bianca D Jackson, Yvonne Tam, Talata Sawadogo-Lewis, Neff Walker

 

Safety and immunogenicity of a candidate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus viral-vectored vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, uncontrolled, phase 1 trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jul 2020 Volume 20 Number 7 p755-874, e148-e179
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Articles
Safety and immunogenicity of a candidate Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus viral-vectored vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, uncontrolled, phase 1 trial
Pedro M Folegatti, et al

 

Safety and immunogenicity of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector vaccine candidate for Middle East respiratory syndrome: an open-label, phase 1 trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jul 2020 Volume 20 Number 7 p755-874, e148-e179
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Safety and immunogenicity of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector vaccine candidate for Middle East respiratory syndrome: an open-label, phase 1 trial
Till Koch, et al

 

Safety and immunogenicity of the tetravalent, live-attenuated dengue vaccine Butantan-DV in adults in Brazil: a two-step, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2 trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jul 2020 Volume 20 Number 7 p755-874, e148-e179
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Safety and immunogenicity of the tetravalent, live-attenuated dengue vaccine Butantan-DV in adults in Brazil: a two-step, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Esper G Kallas, et al

 

Safety and immunogenicity of a parenteral trivalent P2-VP8 subunit rotavirus vaccine: a multisite, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jul 2020 Volume 20 Number 7 p755-874, e148-e179
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current

 

Safety and immunogenicity of a parenteral trivalent P2-VP8 subunit rotavirus vaccine: a multisite, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Michelle J Groome, et al

 

Education and wealth inequalities in healthy ageing in eight harmonised cohorts in the ATHLOS consortium: a population-based study

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Lancet Public Health
Jul 2020 Volume 5 Number 7 e361-e413
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/issue/current

 

Articles
Education and wealth inequalities in healthy ageing in eight harmonised cohorts in the ATHLOS consortium: a population-based study
Yu-Tzu Wu, et al on behalf of the ATHLOS consortium
Background
The rapid growth of the size of the older population is having a substantial effect on health and social care services in many societies across the world. Maintaining health and functioning in older age is a key public health issue but few studies have examined factors associated with inequalities in trajectories of health and functioning across countries. The aim of this study was to investigate trajectories of healthy ageing in older men and women (aged ≥45 years) and the effect of education and wealth on these trajectories.
Interpretation
The apparent difference in baseline healthy ageing scores between those with high versus low education levels and wealth suggests that cumulative disadvantage due to low education and wealth might have largely deteriorated health conditions in early life stages, leading to persistent differences throughout older age, but no further increase in ageing disparity after age 70 years. Future research should adopt a lifecourse approach to investigate mechanisms of health inequalities across education and wealth in different societies.

 

Mapping and characterization of structural variation in 17,795 human genomes

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Nature
Volume 583 Issue 7814, 2 July 2020
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

 

Article | 27 May 2020
Mapping and characterization of structural variation in 17,795 human genomes
Structural variants in more than 17,000 human genomes are mapped and characterized using whole-genome sequencing, showing how this type of variation contributes to rare deleterious coding and noncoding alleles.
Haley J. Abel, David E. Larson[…] & Ira M. Hall

 

Whole-genome sequencing of a sporadic primary immunodeficiency cohort

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Nature
Volume 583 Issue 7814, 2 July 2020
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

 

Article | 06 May 2020
Whole-genome sequencing of a sporadic primary immunodeficiency cohort
Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.
James E. D. Thaventhiran, Hana Lango Allen[…] & Kenneth G. C. Smith

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Whole-genome sequencing of patients with rare diseases in a national health system

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Nature
Volume 583 Issue 7814, 2 July 2020
http://www.nature.com/nature/current_issue.html

 

Article | 24 June 2020
Whole-genome sequencing of patients with rare diseases in a national health system
Whole-genome sequencing and phenotype data sharing are introduced in a national health system to streamline diagnosis and to discover coding and non-coding variants that cause rare diseases.
Ernest Turro, William J. Astle[…] & Willem H. Ouwehand

 

Effective study design for comparative functional genomics

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Nature Reviews Genetics
Volume 21 Issue 7, July 2020
https://www.nature.com/nrg/volumes/21/issues/7

 

Comment | 24 April 2020
Effective study design for comparative functional genomics
Comparative studies struggle to balance technical properties with the need to obtain samples from multiple species. The authors argue for extensive record keeping and reporting of metadata to minimize the effect of confounders and increase the robustness of inferences from these studies.
Joanna L. Kelley  & Yoav Gilad

 

COVID-19 vaccines: neutralizing antibodies and the alum advantage

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Nature Reviews Immunology
Volume 20 Issue 7, July 2020
https://www.nature.com/nri/volumes/20/issues/7

 

Comment | 04 June 2020
COVID-19 vaccines: neutralizing antibodies and the alum advantage
Here, Peter Hotez and colleagues discuss the advantages of using an aluminium-based adjuvant in candidate COVID-19 vaccines.
Peter J. Hotez, David B. Corry[…] & Maria Elena Bottazzi

 

 

Next-generation stem cells — ushering in a new era of cell-based therapies

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Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Volume 19 Issue 7, July 2020
https://www.nature.com/nrd/volumes/19/issues/7

 

Review Article | 06 April 2020
Next-generation stem cells — ushering in a new era of cell-based therapies
Primary stem cells have long been used therapeutically for applications such as bone marrow transplantation. This Review discusses how cell-engineering approaches are enabling the development of next-generation stem cell therapies with improved function, specificity and responsiveness, thereby expanding their applications into areas such as delivering drugs and oncolytic viruses to tumours and promoting tissue repair in various diseases.
Erin A. Kimbrel  & Robert Lanza

 

A Half-Century of Progress in Health: The National Academy of Medicine at 50: Four Decades of HIV/AIDS — Much Accomplished, Much to Do

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New England Journal of Medicine
July 2, 2020 Vol. 383 No. 1
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal

 

Perspective
A Half-Century of Progress in Health: The National Academy of Medicine at 50: Four Decades of HIV/AIDS — Much Accomplished, Much to Do
Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., and H. Clifford Lane, M.D.

 

Parental Hesitancy About Routine Childhood and Influenza Vaccinations: A National Survey

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Pediatrics
Vol. 146, Issue 1 1 Jul 2020
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/

 

Articles
Parental Hesitancy About Routine Childhood and Influenza Vaccinations: A National Survey
Allison Kempe, Alison W. Saville, Christina Albertin, Gregory Zimet, Abigail Breck, Laura Helmkamp, Sitaram Vangala, L. Miriam Dickinson, Cindy Rand, Sharon Humiston, Peter G. Szilagyi
Pediatrics, Jul 2020, 146 (1) e20193852

 

Improving HPV Vaccination Rates: A Stepped-Wedge Randomized Trial

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Pediatrics
Vol. 146, Issue 1 1 Jul 2020
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/

 

Improving HPV Vaccination Rates: A Stepped-Wedge Randomized Trial
Rebecca B. Perkins, Aaron Legler, Emily Jansen, Judith Bernstein, Natalie Pierre-Joseph, Terresa J. Eun, Dea L. Biancarelli, Thomas J. Schuch, Karin Leschly, Anny T.H.R. Fenton, William G. Adams, Jack A. Clark, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Amresh Hanchate
Pediatrics, Jul 2020, 146 (1) e20192737

 

The Ethics of Creating a Resource Allocation Strategy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Pediatrics
Vol. 146, Issue 1 1 Jul 2020
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/

 

Special Articles
The Ethics of Creating a Resource Allocation Strategy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Naomi Laventhal, Ratna Basak, Mary Lynn Dell, Douglas Diekema, Nanette Elster, Gina Geis, Mark Mercurio, Douglas Opel, David Shalowitz, Mindy Statter, Robert Macauley
Pediatrics, Jul 2020, 146 (1) e20201243
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has affected nearly every aspect of medicine and raises numerous moral dilemmas for clinicians. Foremost of these quandaries is how to delineate and implement crisis standards of care and, specifically, how to consider how health care resources should be distributed in times of shortage. We review basic principles of disaster planning and resource stewardship with ethical relevance for this and future public health crises, explore the role of illness severity scoring systems and their limitations and potential contribution to health disparities, and consider the role for exceptionally resource-intensive interventions. We also review the philosophical and practical underpinnings of crisis standards of care and describe historical approaches to scarce resource allocation to offer analysis and guidance for pediatric clinicians. Particular attention is given to the impact on children of this endeavor. Although few children have required hospitalization for symptomatic infection, children nonetheless have the potential to be profoundly affected by the strain on the health care system imposed by the pandemic and should be considered prospectively in resource allocation frameworks.

 

The challenges of modeling and forecasting the spread of COVID-19

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PNAS – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/

 

Inaugural Article
The challenges of modeling and forecasting the spread of COVID-19
Andrea L. Bertozzi, Elisa Franco, George Mohler, Martin B. Short, and Daniel Sledge
PNAS first published July 2, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006520117
Significance
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed epidemic modeling at the forefront of worldwide public policy making. Nonetheless, modeling and forecasting the spread of COVID-19 remain a challenge. Here, we present and detail three regional-scale models for forecasting and assessing the course of the pandemic. This work is intended to demonstrate the utility of parsimonious models for understanding the pandemic and to provide an accessible framework for generating policy-relevant insights into its course. We show how these models can be connected to each other and to time series data for a particular region. Capable of measuring and forecasting the impacts of social distancing, these models highlight the dangers of relaxing nonpharmaceutical public health interventions in the absence of a vaccine or antiviral therapies.

 

Officials gird for a war on vaccine misinformation

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Science
03 July 2020 Vol 369, Issue 6499
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

 

In Depth
Officials gird for a war on vaccine misinformation
By Warren Cornwall
Science03 Jul 2020 : 14-15 Full Access
Summary
As scientists rush to develop a vaccine for the new coronavirus, experts warn that public health agencies need new strategies to persuade people to accept a vaccine. Antivaccine activists have helped stoke rising levels of “vaccine hesitancy” in the United States and elsewhere. Now, those groups are turning their attention to the coronavirus. Polls have found as few as half of Americans are committed to taking the coronavirus vaccine. Now, researchers who study health behavior are urging adoption of some of the tactics used by vaccine critics: telling compelling, personal stories; spreading messages quickly and creatively through social media; offering more individualized responses to the concerns of different groups; and recruiting volunteers to act as a pro-vaccine counterweight

 

Improve alignment of research policy and societal values

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Science
03 July 2020 Vol 369, Issue 6499
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl

 

Policy Forum
Improve alignment of research policy and societal values
By Peter Novitzky, Michael J. Bernstein, Vincent Blok, Robert Braun, Tung Tung Chan, Wout Lamers, Anne Loeber, Ingeborg Meijer, Ralf Lindner, Erich Griessler
Science03 Jul 2020 : 39-41 Restricted Access
Summary
Historically, scientific and engineering expertise has been key in shaping research and innovation (R&I) policies, with benefits presumed to accrue to society more broadly over time (1). But there is persistent and growing concern about whether and how ethical and societal values are integrated into R&I policies and governance, as we confront public disbelief in science and political suspicion toward evidence-based policy-making (2). Erosion of such a social contract with science limits the ability of democratic societies to deal with challenges presented by new, disruptive technologies, such as synthetic biology, nanotechnology, genetic engineering, automation and robotics, and artificial intelligence. Many policy efforts have emerged in response to such concerns, one prominent example being Europe’s Eighth Framework Programme, Horizon 2020 (H2020), whose focus on “Responsible Research and Innovation” (RRI) provides a case study for the translation of such normative perspectives into concrete policy action and implementation. Our analysis of this H2020 RRI approach suggests a lack of consistent integration of elements such as ethics, open access, open innovation, and public engagement. On the basis of our evaluation, we suggest possible pathways for strengthening efforts to deliver R&I policies that deepen mutually beneficial science and society relationships.

 

Factors limiting data quality in the expanded programme on immunization in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review

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Vaccine
Volume 38, Issue 30 Pages 4651-4782 (19 June 2020)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/38/issue/30

 

Review article Open access
Factors limiting data quality in the expanded programme on immunization in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review
Katherine Harrison, Nargis Rahimi, M. Carolina Danovaro-Holliday
Pages 4652-4663

 

Cost-effectiveness analysis of a gender-neutral human papillomavirus vaccination program in the Netherlands

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Vaccine
Volume 38, Issue 30 Pages 4651-4782 (19 June 2020)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/38/issue/30

 

Research article Open access
Cost-effectiveness analysis of a gender-neutral human papillomavirus vaccination program in the Netherlands
Joost J.M. Simons, Nora Vida, Tjalke A. Westra, Maarten J. Postma

 

Acceptability of vaccination against human papillomavirus among women aged 20 to 45 in rural Hunan Province, China: A cross-sectional study

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Vaccine
Volume 38, Issue 30 Pages 4651-4782 (19 June 2020)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/38/issue/30

 

Research article Abstract only
Acceptability of vaccination against human papillomavirus among women aged 20 to 45 in rural Hunan Province, China: A cross-sectional study
Si Qin, Jing-Xia Fu, Ming-Zhu Chen, Yan-Ting Meng, … Yang Luo
Pages 4732-4739

 

Early smallpox vaccine manufacturing in the United States: Introduction of the “animal vaccine” in 1870, establishment of “vaccine farms”, and the beginnings of the vaccine industry

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Vaccine
Volume 38, Issue 30 Pages 4651-4782 (19 June 2020)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/38/issue/30

 

History of Vaccinology paper
Research article Open access
Early smallpox vaccine manufacturing in the United States: Introduction of the “animal vaccine” in 1870, establishment of “vaccine farms”, and the beginnings of the vaccine industry
José Esparza, Seth Lederman, Andreas Nitsche, Clarissa R. Damaso
Pages 4773-4779

 

Strategies to Improve Vaccination among At-Risk Adults and the Elderly in Italy

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
(Accessed 4 July 2020)

 

Open Access Article
Strategies to Improve Vaccination among At-Risk Adults and the Elderly in Italy
by Giovanna Elisa Calabrò , Alessia Tognetto , Elettra Carini , Silvia Mancinelli , Laura Sarnari , Vittoria Colamesta , Walter Ricciardi and Chiara de Waure
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030358 (registering DOI) – 04 Jul 2020
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO), the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC), and the immunization guidelines of many countries issue vaccination recommendations for adults and the elderly. However, the uptake of vaccination

 

Strategies to Improve Vaccination among At-Risk Adults and the Elderly in Italy

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
(Accessed 4 July 2020)

 

Open Access Article
Strategies to Improve Vaccination among At-Risk Adults and the Elderly in Italy
by Giovanna Elisa Calabrò , Alessia Tognetto , Elettra Carini , Silvia Mancinelli , Laura Sarnari , Vittoria Colamesta , Walter Ricciardi and Chiara de Waure
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030358 (registering DOI) – 04 Jul 2020
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO), the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC), and the immunization guidelines of many countries issue vaccination recommendations for adults and the elderly. However, the uptake of vaccination

 

HPV Vaccination: The Position Paper of the Italian Society of Colposcopy and Cervico-Vaginal Pathology (SICPCV)

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Vaccines — Open Access Journal
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
(Accessed 4 July 2020)

 

Open Access Review
HPV Vaccination: The Position Paper of the Italian Society of Colposcopy and Cervico-Vaginal Pathology (SICPCV)
by Andrea Ciavattini , Luca Giannella , Rosa De Vincenzo , Jacopo Di Giuseppe , Maria Papiccio , Ankica Lukic , Giovanni Delli Carpini , Antonio Perino , Antonio Frega , Francesco Sopracordevole , Maggiorino Barbero and Murat Gultekin
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 354; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030354 – 02 Jul 2020