Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 1, January 2019, 1-72
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/1/en/
EDITORIALS
New ethical challenges of digital technologies, machine learning and artificial intelligence in public health: a call for papers
– Diana Zandi, Andreas Reis, Effy Vayena & Kenneth Goodman
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.227686
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 1, January 2019, 1-72
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/1/en/
RESEARCH
Using the polio programme to deliver primary health care in Nigeria: implementation research
– Samuel Bawa, Christine McNab, Loveday Nkwogu, Fiona Braka, Esther Obinya, Michael Galway, Andrew J Mirelman, Kulchumi Isa Hammanyero, Garba Safiyanu, Martin Chukwuji, Kennedy Ongwae, Pascal Mkanda, Melissa Corkum, Lea Hegg, Deanna Tollefson, Sani Umar, Sunday Audu, Hassan Gunda, Modu Chinta, Anne Eudes Jean Baptiste, Murtala Bagana & Faisal Shuaib
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.211565
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 97, Number 1, January 2019, 1-72
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/97/1/en/
RESEARCH
National age-of-consent laws and adolescent HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a propensity-score matched study
– Britt McKinnon & Ashley Vandermorris
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.212993
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
February 2019 – Volume 32 – Issue 1
https://journals.lww.com/co-infectiousdiseases/pages/currenttoc.aspx
HIV INFECTIONS AND AIDS
Scaling up pre-exposure prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa
Ahmed, Nadia; Pike, Carey; Bekker, Linda-Gail
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. 32(1):24-30, February 2019.
Global Health: Science and Practice (GHSP)
Vol. 6, No. 4 December 27, 2018
http://www.ghspjournal.org/content/current
COMMENTARIES
Open Access
A Vaccine Against Cervical Cancer: Context for the Global Public Health Practitioner
Mary Carol Jennings and Anagha Loharikar
Global Health: Science and Practice December 2018, 6(4):629-634; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00222
Many low- and middle-income countries are moving to introduce HPV vaccine into their national immunization programs. To improve coverage, equity, and sustainability, public health officials and practitioners can use planning and implementation lessons learned, including successful school-based delivery strategies, innovative approaches to reach out-of-school girls, best practices for communication and social mobilization, and integration of services to reduce delivery cost. Policy makers, donors, and global partners should continue to consider ways to drive down costs of vaccine procurement.
Health Equity
Volume 2, Issue 1 / December 2018
https://www.liebertpub.com/toc/heq/2/1
Factors Associated with Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Diverse Adolescents in a Region with Low Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Rates
Deanna Kepka, Julia Bodson, Djin Lai, Ana Sanchez-Birkhead, Jeannette Villalta, Valentine Mukundente, Fahina Tavake-Pasi, France A. Davis, Doriena Lee, Edwin Napia, Ryan Mooney,
Heather Coulter, and Louisa A. Stark
Pages:223–232
Published Online:1 September 2018
https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2018.0028
Health Equity
Volume 2, Issue 1 / December 2018
https://www.liebertpub.com/toc/heq/2/1
Narrative Review Open Access
The Application of Medical Artificial Intelligence Technology in Rural Areas of Developing Countries
Jonathan Guo and Bin Li
Pages:174–181
Published Online:1 August 2018
https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2018.0037
Health Equity
Volume 2, Issue 1 / December 2018
https://www.liebertpub.com/toc/heq/2/1
Original Article Open Access
Barriers to HPV Vaccination Among Unvaccinated, Haitian American College Women
Dudith Pierre-Victor, Dionne P. Stephens, Angela Omondi, Rachel Clarke, Naomie Jean-Baptiste, and Purnima Madhivanan
Pages:90–97
Published Online:1 June 2018
https://doi.org/10.1089/heq.2017.0028
Humanitarian Exchange Magazine
Number 73, October 2018
https://odihpn.org/magazine/mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-in-humanitarian-crises/
Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh: the humanitarian response
More than 700,000 Rohingya refugees have arrived in Bangladesh since 25 August 2017 fleeing violence and persecution in Rakhine State, Myanmar. Over a million are sheltering in overcrowded camps without adequate assistance or protection. Stateless in Myanmar and denied refugee status in Bangladesh, the Rohingya have few rights or freedoms. Monsoons and cyclones are causing landslides, destroying shelters and infrastructure and disrupting services.
This edition of Humanitarian Exchange focuses on the humanitarian response to the Rohingya crisis. In the lead article, Mark Bowden outlines the historical, local and national political context in Bangladesh, and its operational implications. Amal de Chickera highlights the links between statelessness and displacement, and the international community’s failure to prioritise human rights in its dealings both with Bangladesh and with Myanmar. Puttanee Kangkun and John Quinley document the persistent persecution and denial of rights the Rohingya have faced for decades. Jeff Crisp reflects on the premature, involuntary and unsafe return of Rohingya refugees to Myanmar in the 1970s and 1990s, and asks whether this could happen again.
Sally Shevach and colleagues explore how the ‘localisation’ agenda has influenced the operational response, and Kerrie Holloway draws on research by the Humanitarian Policy Group to test the common assumption that local actors necessarily have a better understanding of people’s needs. Nasif Rashad Khan and colleagues and Ashish Banik reflect on their experiences of engaging with the international humanitarian response system. Margie Buchanan-Smith and Marian Casey-Maslen discuss evaluation findings relating to communication and community engagement, a theme taken up by Nick Van Praag and Kai Hopkins, who report on a Ground Truth survey on refugees’ perceptions of assistance. Julia Brothwell discusses the British Red Cross/Bangladesh Red Crescent involvement in disaster preparedness and risk reduction during the monsoon season, and Gina Bark, Kate White and Amelie Janon outline the consequences of long-term exclusion from basic healthcare services in increasing vulnerability to preventable diseases. Matthew Wencel and colleagues round off the issue with reflections on data collection coordination and other challenges associated with monitoring large concentrations of refugees.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 12, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current
Article
Mandatory and recommended vaccinations in Poland in the views of parents
Jolanta Kraśnicka, Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak, Krystyna Klimaszewska, Mateusz Cybulski, Andrzej Guzowski, Beata Kowalewska, Barbara Jankowiak, Hanna Rolka, Halina Doroszkiewicz & Wojciech Kułak
Pages: 2884-2893
Published online: 12 Oct 2018
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 12, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current
article commentary
Implementation and assessment of vaccination programmes: the importance of vaccination sequence for overall health outcomes
Ane Bærent Fisker & Sanne Marie Thysen
Pages: 2900-2903
Published online: 28 Aug 2018
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 12, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current
review
Should human papillomavirus vaccination target women over age 26, heterosexual men and men who have sex with men? A targeted literature review of cost-effectiveness
Nyi Nyi Soe, Jason J. Ong, Xiaomeng Ma, Christopher K Fairley, Phyu Mon Latt, Jun Jing, Feng Cheng & Lei Zhang
Pages: 3010-3018
Published online: 11 Sep 2018
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (formerly Human Vaccines)
Volume 14, Issue 12, 2018
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/khvi20/current
Article
Exploring immunisation inequities among migrant and refugee children in New Zealand
Nadia A. Charania, Janine Paynter, Arier C. Lee, Donna G. Watson & Nikki M. Turner
Pages: 3026-3033
Published online: 17 Aug 2018
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
January 2019 Volume 78, p1-154 Open Access
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(18)X0012-5
Editorials
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era
Eskild Petersen, Ibrahim Abubakar, Chikwe Ihekweazu, David Heymann, Francine Ntoumi, Lucille Blumberg, Danny Asogun, Victor Mukonka, Swaib Abubaker Lule, Matthew Bates, Isobella Honeyborne, Sayoki Mfinanga, Peter Mwaba, Osman Dar, Francesco Vairo, Maowia Mukhtar, Richard Kock, Timothy D. McHugh, Giuseppe Ippolito, Alimuddin Zumla
p78–84
Published online: November 16, 2018
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
January 2019 Volume 78, p1-154 Open Access
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(18)X0012-5
Original Reports
Towards achieving the fast-track targets and ending the epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: Successes and challenges
Yibeltal Assefa, Charles F. Gilks, Judith Dean, Betru Tekle, Meskele Lera, Taye Tolera Balcha, Yimam Getaneh, Wim Van Damme, Peter S. Hill
p57–64
Published online: October 31, 2018
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
January 2019 Volume 78, p1-154 Open Access
https://www.ijidonline.com/issue/S1201-9712(18)X0012-5
A hospital-associated measles outbreak in health workers in Beijing: Implications for measles elimination in China, 2018
Jiye Fu, Chu Jiang, Juguang Wang, Run Cai, Wei Cheng, Lifei Shi, Fan Zhang, Zhilan Xu, Yan Xing
p85–92
Published online: October 31, 2018
Journal of Medical Ethics
January 2019 – Volume 45 – 1
http://jme.bmj.com/content/current
Original articles
Uninformed refusals: objections to enrolment in clinical trials conducted under an Exception rom Informed Consent for emergency research (13 December, 2018) Free
Victoria Vorholt, Neal W Dickert
Abstract
Clinical trials in emergency situations present unique challenges, because they involve enrolling individuals who lack capacity to consent in the context of acute illness or injury. The US Department of Health and Human Services and Food and Drug Administration regulations allowing an Exception from Informed Consent (EFIC) in these circumstances contain requirements for community consultation, public disclosure and restrictions on study risks and benefits. In this paper, we analyse an issue raised in the regulations that has received little attention or analysis but is ethically complex. This challenge is when to solicit and honour objections to EFIC trial enrolment, including from non-legally appointed representatives. We address novel questions involving whose objections should be honoured, what level of understanding is necessary for objections to be considered valid and how hard investigators should work to offer an opportunity to object. We present a set of criteria that provide conceptual and practical guidance. We argue that objections should be honoured if they undermine one of the key assumptions that allows for the permissibility of EFIC trials: that individuals would likely not object to enrolment based on their values or preferences. We then clarify the practical implications of this approach through examination of three cases of refusal in an EFIC study.
Journal of Medical Ethics
January 2019 – Volume 45 – 1
http://jme.bmj.com/content/current
Extended essays
Towards theoretically robust evidence on health equity: a systematic approach to contextualising equity-relevant randomised controlled trials (13 December, 2018)
Gry Wester, Kristine Bærøe, Ole Frithjof Norheim
Abstract
Reducing inequalities in health and the determinants of health is a widely acknowledged health policy goal, and methods for measuring inequalities and inequities in health are well developed. Yet, the evidence base is weak for how to achieve these goals. There is a lack of high-quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting impact on the distribution of health and non-health benefits and lack of methodological rigour in how to design, power, measure, analyse and interpret distributional impact in RCTs. Our overarching aim in this paper is to contribute to the emerging effort to improve transparency and coherence in the theoretical and conceptual basis for RCTs on effective interventions to reduce health inequity. We endeavour to achieve this aim by pursuing two more specific objectives. First, we propose an overview of three broader health equity frameworks and clarify their implications for the measurement of health inequality in RCTs. Second, we seek to clarify the relationship between theory and translational challenges that researchers would need to attend to, in order to ensure that equity-relevant RCTs are coherently grounded in theory.
The Lancet
Jan 05, 2019 Volume 393Number 10166p1-102, e1-e2
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/current
Review
Universal health coverage in Indonesia: concept, progress, and challenges
Rina Agustina, Teguh Dartanto, Ratna Sitompul, Kun A Susiloretni, Suparmi,
Endang L Achadi, Akmal Taher, Fadila Wirawan, Saleha Sungkar, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Anuraj H Shankar, Hasbullah Thabrany on behalf of the Indonesian Health Systems Group
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Editorial
Yemen needs a concrete plan—now
The Lancet Global Health
More than 3 years into the current conflict, the situation in Yemen has reached catastrophic proportions. These have been exacerbated by the collapse of the national economy and by intense fighting around Hodeidah, the country’s principal port on the Red Sea where most commodities, including food and medicines, enter the largely import-based Yemeni market. The planned peace negotiations are dependent on the goodwill of two warring parties whose disregard for international law has already led to large civilian casualties and the destruction of essential infrastructure such as health facilities, water systems, roads, and markets. As the world barely watches, at the convergence of all these events, an estimated 14 million Yemeni people—half of the country’s population—have now been brought to pre-famine conditions.
The global apathy in the face of Yemen’s continuing struggle has been disrupted in recent weeks. Increased media attention to the plight of hundreds of thousands of severely malnourished children has led to renewed concerns about the fate of the Yemeni people. On Nov 26, the CEOs of five international non-governmental organisations openly called out the role of US geopolitics and trade in the killing of innocent civilians, spurring discussions on the global responsibility for the war. And probably because one number sometimes speaks louder than words, earlier on Nov 21, Save The Children presented in a press release their straightforward estimation for the number of deaths due to untreated severe acute malnutrition between April 2015 and October 2018: close to 85 000 children under 5 may have died a preventable death in that period.
In truth, most health-related numbers coming from Yemen cannot be more than estimations—how could a collapsed health system generate robust data? But we know that the Yemeni people are suffering. Of all the scourges affecting Yemen, the prospect of a famine seems to have taken centre-stage in the media again, but there are many other enduring ones. We know that civilians are dying in the conflict, though unofficial data are vague and largely underestimated. We know there are outbreaks of diphtheria, measles, and probably other vaccine-preventable diseases. We also know that the cholera epidemic that started in April 2016 is still going on: the latest report available from the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office indicates that there were over 240 000 cases in the first 42 weeks of 2018. This cholera epidemic, the largest documented in history, illustrates how a weakened population, and a crippled health system, can be swiftly and durably overpowered in the midst of conflict. However, it is also an opportunity to learn, in the hope that this situation can be reversed in Yemen, and prevented elsewhere.
Thankfully, such learnings are happening. In May 2018, The Lancet Global Health published a modelling study by Anton Camacho and colleagues in which surveillance data were used to identify the drivers of the cholera epidemic, linking rainfall to the second wave of the epidemic, generating potentially important information for timing and enhancing control efforts. In a subsequent exchange of letters with Fekri Dureab and colleagues, the authors evoke the difficulties in identifying the mechanisms of transmission, in spite of robust modelling, in part because the war’s disruption of water and sewerage systems confounds the analysis.
Also importantly, in a report released on December 4, the Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health presents a detailed evaluation, based on an in-depth review and data gathered through 71 key informants, of the epidemic preparedness and response up until the second wave in July 2018. It brings forth unsurprising but sobering facts, among them the likely association between the conflict and increased cholera transmission; the lack of preparedness in terms of surveillance and response capacity; or coordination issues between international and national actors of the response. The 20 global and Yemen-specific recommendations cover the fundamental need of addressing insecurity, of urgently clarifying and harmonising coordination and preparedness, and of making the response more agile by improving surveillance. They include specifics of a targeted WASH and vaccination response and rely on strong integration of planning across sectors, all sensible responses to the issues identified in the analysis.
These concrete, action-related reports should be precious input in tackling this and future outbreaks, particularly in war-torn areas. But Yemen needs even more—and the time is now.
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Comment
Determinants of tuberculosis in Indigenous people worldwide
Paulo Cesar Basta,
Paulo Victor de Sousa Viana
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Introducing the World Bank’s 2018 Health Equity and Financial Protection Indicators database
Adam Wagstaff, Patrick Eozenou, Sven Neelsen, Marc-Francois Smitz
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Articles
Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis
Saifon Chawanpaiboon, Joshua P Vogel, Ann-Beth Moller, Pisake Lumbiganon, Max Petzold,
Daniel Hogan, Sihem Landoulsi, Nampet Jampathong, Kiattisak Kongwattanakul, Malinee Laopaiboon, Cameron Lewis, Siwanon Rattanakanokchai, Ditza N Teng, Jadsada Thinkhamrop,
Kanokwaroon Watananirun, Jun Zhang, Wei Zhou, A Metin Gülmezoglu
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years between 2000 and 2015: a systematic analysis
David A McAllister, Li Liu, Ting Shi, Yue Chu, Craig Reed, John Burrows, Davies Adeloye, Igor Rudan, Robert E Black, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Effect and cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination: a global modelling analysis
Cynthia Chen, Francisco Cervero Liceras, Stefan Flasche, Sucitro Sidharta, Joanne Yoong,
Neisha Sundaram, Mark Jit
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Proximate determinants of tuberculosis in Indigenous peoples worldwide: a systematic review
Maxime Cormier, Kevin Schwartzman, Dieynaba S N’Diaye, Claire E Boone, Alexandre M dos Santos, Júlia Gaspar, Danielle Cazabon, Marzieh Ghiasi, Rebecca Kahn, Aashna Uppal, Martin Morris, Olivia Oxlade
Lancet Global Health
Jan 2019 Volume 7 Number 1e1-e159
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/current
Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on child stunting and anaemia in rural Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial
Jean H Humphrey, Mduduzi N N Mbuya, Robert Ntozini, Lawrence H Moulton, Rebecca J Stoltzfus, Naume V Tavengwa, Kuda Mutasa, Florence Majo, Batsirai Mutasa, Goldberg Mangwadu, Cynthia M Chasokela, Ancikaria Chigumira, Bernard Chasekwa, Laura E Smith,
James M Tielsch, Andrew D Jones, Amee R Manges, John A Maluccio, Andrew J Prendergast
for the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) Trial Team
Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jan 2019 Volume 19 Number 1p1-112, e1-e38
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current
Comment
Knowledge advances and gaps on the demand side of vaccination
Sara Cooper, Joseph C Okeibunor, Alison Wiyeh, Charles S Wiysonge
Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jan 2019 Volume 19 Number 1p1-112, e1-e38
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current
Articles
The potential effect of improved provision of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Gavi-eligible countries: a modelling study
WHO Rabies Modelling Consortium
Open Access
Tens of thousands of people die from dog-mediated rabies annually. Deaths can be prevented through post-exposure prophylaxis for people who have been bitten, and the disease eliminated through dog vaccination. Current post-exposure prophylaxis use saves many lives, but availability remains poor in many rabies-endemic countries due to high costs, poor access, and supply.
Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jan 2019 Volume 19 Number 1p1-112, e1-e38
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current
Series
Terrorism and health
Confronting the threat of bioterrorism: realities, challenges, and defensive strategies
Manfred S Green, James LeDuc, Daniel Cohen, David R Franz
Lancet Infectious Diseases
Jan 2019 Volume 19 Number 1p1-112, e1-e38
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current
Personal View
Deliberations of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization on the use of CYD-TDV dengue vaccine
Annelies Wilder-Smith, Joachim Hombach, Neil Ferguson, Michael Selgelid, Kate O’Brien, Kirsten Vannice, Alan Barrett, Elizabeth Ferdinand, Stefan Flasche, Maria Guzman, Hillegonde Maria Novaes, Lee-Ching Ng, Peter G Smith, Piyanit Tharmaphornpilas, In-Kyu Yoon, Alejandro Cravioto, Jeremy Farrar, Terry M Nolan
Nature Reviews Immunology
Volume 19 Issue 1, January 2019
https://www.nature.com/nri/volumes/18/issues/12
Analysis | 08 November 2018
Functional cure of HIV: the scale of the challenge
In this Analysis, the authors discuss different strategies for the post-treatment control of HIV infection. They use mathematical modelling to predict the impact of different interventions and to estimate the therapeutic efficacy required to achieve a functional cure.
Miles P. Davenport, David S. Khoury[…] & Stephen J. Kent
New England Journal of Medicine
December 27, 2018 Vol. 379 No. 26
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal
Perspective
Ramping Up the Response to Ebola
Jennifer B. Nuzzo, Dr.P.H.,
and Thomas V. Inglesby, M.D.
…Though there are clear signs that global preparedness for epidemics has been strengthened, efforts to contain the DRC outbreak have not been sufficient. Additional human and financial resources are needed to prevent this outbreak from becoming a major epidemic…
New England Journal of Medicine
December 27, 2018 Vol. 379 No. 26
http://www.nejm.org/toc/nejm/medical-journal
Perspective
Pregnant Women and the Ebola Crisis
Lisa B. Haddad, M.D., M.P.H.,
Denise J. Jamieson, M.D., M.P.H.,
and Sonja A. Rasmussen, M.D.
…Though data are limited, the available information regarding pregnancy during Ebola outbreaks provides a reason for concern. Women appear to have higher Ebola infection rates than men; perhaps they tend to become infected when caring for sick family members, or perhaps they have increased susceptibility. Although data from past outbreaks revealed a case-fatality rate among pregnant women as high as 90%, more recent data suggest that the risk of death among EVD-infected pregnant women might be similar to that among nonpregnant women.2 Additional data are needed, however, to better characterize outcomes…
Pediatrics
January 2019, VOLUME 143 / ISSUE 1
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/143/1?current-issue=y
Articles
An Educational Intervention to Improve HPV Vaccination: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Brian E. Dixon, Gregory D. Zimet, Shan Xiao, Wanzhu Tu, Brianna Lindsay, Abby Church, Stephen M. Downs
Pediatrics Jan 2019, 143 (1) e20181457; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1457
We examine the effect of a digital educational intervention linked to previous vaccine history on HPV vaccination decisions in urban pediatric settings.
PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 5 Jan 2019]
Optimal gender-specific age for cost-effective vaccination with adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in Chinese adults
Joyce H. S. You, Wai-kit Ming, Owen Tak-yin Tsang, Paul Kay-sheung Chan
Research Article | published 04 Jan 2019 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210005
PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 5 Jan 2019]
Knowledge, attitudes and awareness of the human papillomavirus among health professionals in New Zealand
Susan M. Sherman, Karen Bartholomew, Hayley J. Denison, Hersha Patel, Esther L. Moss, Jeroen Douwes, Collette Bromhead
Research Article | published 31 Dec 2018 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197648
PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 5 Jan 2019]
Choosing important health outcomes for comparative effectiveness research: 4th annual update to a systematic review of core outcome sets for research
Elizabeth Gargon, Sarah L. Gorst, Nicola L. Harman, Valerie Smith, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, Paula R. Williamson
Research Article | published 28 Dec 2018 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209869
PLoS One
http://www.plosone.org/
[Accessed 5 Jan 2019]
Assessing the sensitivity of the polio environmental surveillance system
The polio environmental surveillance (ES) system has been an incredible tool for advancing polio eradication efforts because of its ability to highlight the spatial and temporal extent of poliovirus circulation. While ES often outperforms, or is more sensitive than AFP surveillance, the sensitivity of the ES system has not been well characterized. Fundamental uncertainty of ES site sensitivity makes it difficult to interpret results from ES, particularly negative results.
Steve J. Kroiss, Maiwand Ahmadzai, Jamal Ahmed, Muhammad Masroor Alam, Guillaume Chabot-Couture, Michael Famulare, Abdirahman Mahamud, Kevin A. McCarthy, Laina D. Mercer, Salman Muhammad, Rana M. Safdar, Salmaan Sharif, Shahzad Shaukat, Hemant Shukla, Hil Lyons
Research Article | published 28 Dec 2018 PLOS ONE
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208336
Preventive Medicine
Volume 118 Pages 1-354 (January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/preventive-medicine/vol/117/suppl/C
Impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on the clinical meaning of cervical screening results
Philip E. Castle, Xianhong Xie, Xiaonan Xue, Nancy E. Poitras, … Mark Schiffman
Pages 44-50
Preventive Medicine
Volume 118 Pages 1-354 (January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/preventive-medicine/vol/117/suppl/C
Research article Full text access
Stories about HPV vaccine in social media, traditional media, and conversations
Marjorie A. Margolis, Noel T. Brewer, Parth D. Shah, William A. Calo, Melissa B. Gilkey
Pages 251-256
Qualitative Health Research
Volume 29 Issue 2, January 2019
http://qhr.sagepub.com/content/current
Research Articles
Engaging a Community Leader to Enhance Preparation for In-Depth Interviews With Community Members
Manuel E. Jimenez, Shawna V. Hudson, Daniel Lima, Benjamin F. Crabtree
First Published August 12, 2018; pp. 270–278
Preview
In-depth interviews allow for rich exploration of stakeholders’ experiences. Preparation for in-depth interviews generally consists of literature reviews and researchers’ review of their own culture and understanding of a topic. We supplemented these strategies with serial “ethnographic interviews” with a single community leader to enhance our preparation for community-based in-depth interviews with Latina, immigrant, Spanish-speaking mothers and to facilitate stakeholder engagement in a research project. After an extensive literature review, we conducted a series of four 1-hour interviews with a key informant in preparation for individual in-depth interviews with 12 parents. The ethnographic interviews with the community leader provided insight into environmental context, cultural categories, and stakeholder priorities, which helped shape the research question, in-depth interview guide, sampling strategy, and interpretive analytic process. We found that ethnographic interviews can provide critical insights for preparing in-depth interview guides and can enhance the information gained while facilitating meaningful stakeholder engagement.
Science
04 January 2019 Vol 363, Issue 6422
http://www.sciencemag.org/current.dtl
In Depth
The world debates open-access mandates
By Tania Rabesandratana
Science04 Jan 2019 : 11-12 Full Access
Spurred by European funders behind Plan S, many countries consider similar moves.
Summary
In the wake of China’s expressing strong support in December 2018 for Plan S, the Europe-backed program to mandate immediate open access to scientific literature, researchers wonder how far the plan will spread. The program has drawn support from many scientists but concerns from others, and from publishers (including AAAS, publisher of Science). Science looks at which countries’ funders are likely to join and which aren’t, and whether Plan S is poised to shake up scientific publishing or remain a project that applies to only a small fraction of the world’s scientific papers
Social Science & Medicine
Volume 220 Pages 1-450 (January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/social-science-and-medicine/vol/220/suppl/C
Research article Full text access
France’s citizen consultation on vaccination and the challenges of participatory democracy in health
Jeremy K. Ward, Florian Cafiero, Raphael Fretigny, James Colgrove, Valérie Seror
Pages 73-80
Highlights
:: We present the 2016 citizen consultation on vaccination organized in France.
:: We show the tensions at its core between the scientific and democratic principles.
:: We underline the importance of the framing of debates.
:: A missed opportunity to assess the acceptability of vaccine mandates.
Abstract
Background
Confronted with a rise in vaccine hesitancy, public health officials increasingly try to involve the public in the policy decision-making process to foster consensus and public acceptability. In public debates and citizen consultations tensions can arise between the principles of science and of democracy. To illustrate this, we analyzed the 2016 citizen consultation on vaccination organized in France. This consultation led to the decision to extend mandatory vaccination.
Methods
The analysis combines qualitative and quantitative methods. We analyze the organization of the consultation and its reception using the documents provided by its organizing committee, articles of newsmedia and the contents of 299 vaccine-critical websites. Using methods from computational linguistics, we investigate the 10435 public comments posted to the consultation’s official website.
Results
The combination of a narrow framing of debates (how to restore trust in vaccination and raise vaccination coverages) and a specific organization (latitude was given to the orientation committee with a strong presence of medical experts) was successful in avoiding legitimizing vaccine critical arguments. But these choices have been at the expense of a real reflection on the acceptability of mandatory vaccination and it did not quell vaccine-critical mobilizations.
Conclusions
Public health officials must be aware that when trying to increase democratic participation into their decision-making process, how they balance inputs from the various actors and how they frame the discussion determine whether this initiative will provide meaningful information and democratic legitimacy.
Systematic Reviews
https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles
[Accessed 5 Jan 2019]
Protocol
The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Pandemic mortality rates in 1918 and in 2009 were highest among those with the lowest socioeconomic status (SES). Despite this, low SES groups are not included in the list of groups prioritized for pandemic va…
Authors: Svenn-Erik Mamelund, Clare Shelley-Egan and Ole Rogeberg
Citation: Systematic Reviews 2019 8:5
Published on: 4 January 2019
Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 3 Pages 401-538 (14 January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/3
Conference report
Vaccine Safety Communication – Executive summary
CIOMS Guide To Vaccine Safety Communication – Executive summary
Priya Bahri, Lembit Rägo, on behalf of the CIOMS Working Group on Vaccine Safety
Pages 401-408
Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 3 Pages 401-538 (14 January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/3
Review article Open access
Barriers and enablers to adolescent self-consent for vaccination: A mixed-methods evidence synthesis
Harriet Fisher, Sarah Harding, Matthew Hickman, John Macleod, Suzanne Audrey
Pages 417-429
Abstract
Introduction
The recent global expansion of routine adolescent vaccination programmes has the potential to protect young people against infectious diseases and improve their health. Although the legal framework in many countries permits young people to consent for vaccinations if competent, lack of written parental consent can still prevent uptake. We aimed to review systematically the associated barriers and enablers to implementation of adolescent self-consent procedures.
Methods
A comprehensive search strategy of ten databases from inception to June 2018 was undertaken to identify relevant qualitative and quantitative studies. Titles, abstracts and full texts were assessed for eligibility, and the methodological quality of eligible primary studies evaluated. Thematic synthesis methods were used to interpret and combine qualitative data, and to identify overarching themes as well as similarities and differences within themes. Quantitative data were summarised and, because the data were sufficiently similar in focus, were integrated within the qualitative framework.
Results
Twenty-five publications related to 23 studies were included. Three themes were identified which related to the policy framework, protection, and self-determination. Despite supportive national policy frameworks, implementation of adolescent self-consent procedures can be prevented by local policies, professionals’ misunderstandings of the legal framework and the context in which the vaccination programme is delivered. Motivation to protect young people’s health increased acceptability of adolescent self-consent, but implementation might be prevented to protect the reputation of professionals or relationships with parents. Further, maintaining the role of parents as decision-makers for their child’s healthcare was frequently prioritised over enabling young people’s autonomy to consent.
Conclusions
Barriers to the implementation of adolescent self-consent procedures have implications for young people’s health and uptake of vaccination programmes. There is a need to clarify the policy framework and challenge the primacy of parental consent.
Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 3 Pages 401-538 (14 January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/3
Research article Open access
Strengthening national vaccine decision-making: Assessing the impact of SIVAC Initiative support on national immunisation technical advisory group (NITAG) functionality in 77 low and middle-income countries
Kevin van Zandvoort, Natasha Howard, Sandra Mounier-Jack, Mark Jit
Pages 430-434
Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 3 Pages 401-538 (14 January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/3
Research article Open access
Developing a seasonal influenza vaccine recommendation in Kenya: Process and challenges faced by the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG)
Jeanette Dawa, Sandra S Chaves, Antoinette Ba Nguz, Rosalia Kalani, … Fred Were
Pages 464-472
Vaccine
Volume 37, Issue 3 Pages 401-538 (14 January 2019)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/vaccine/vol/37/issue/3
Research article Abstract only
What affects pediatric healthcare providers to encourage receipt of routine childhood vaccinations? Results from the Northern District of Israel, 2016
Rana Shibli, Shmuel Rishpon, Michal Cohen-Dar, Yael Kandlik
Pages 524-529
vaccines and global health :: ethics and policy 